鶴林宮的歷史文獻
“霍(huo)(huo)童山(shan)(shan)(shan)”在(zai)(zai)(zai)唐(tang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)寶六年(nian)(即公元747年(nian))玄宗敕(chi)改(gai)為(wei)“霍(huo)(huo)童山(shan)(shan)(shan)”亦稱“游仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。并敕(chi)石偈(jie)(jie)篆刻“霍(huo)(huo)童洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)”四字,已歷(li)經1258年(nian)歷(li)史。原(yuan)立(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鶴林宮內,因宮被(bei)洪水沖走,而碑(bei)偈(jie)(jie)尚(shang)存,雖殘(can)缺,文物(wu)猶存,現立(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)重(zhong)修宮內。第(di)(di)一(yi)洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)史悠久,唐(tang)司(si)馬承禎《天(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)宮府圖》云(yun):三十六洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)(第(di)(di)一(yi)霍(huo)(huo)桐(tong))又(you)名“霍(huo)(huo)林洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)”。道(dao)教《白云(yun)經》云(yun):唐(tang)末杜(du)光庭《洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)福(fu)地(di)(di)岳(yue)瀆名山(shan)(shan)(shan)記(ji)》中都將霍(huo)(huo)童山(shan)(shan)(shan)列為(wei)全國三十六洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)之首。北(bei)宋天(tian)(tian)(tian)禧三年(nian)(公元1049年(nian))張君(jun)房奉命校(xiao)對。《云(yun)笈七(qi)簽》卷二(er)十七(qi)《洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)福(fu)地(di)(di)》將霍(huo)(huo)童山(shan)(shan)(shan)列為(wei)“第(di)(di)一(yi)洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)”。洞天(tian)(tian)(tian)福(fu)地(di)(di)道(dao)教輩出,古觀道(dao)士名人盛聞。曾有(you)韓(han)眾、葛玄、左慈、王玄甫、鄧(deng)伯元、褚(chu)伯玉、陶(tao)宏(hong)景(jing)、白玉蟾等二(er)十多位著名道(dao)人修煉霍(huo)(huo)童山(shan)(shan)(shan)。霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)乃(nai)是(shi)仙(xian)巢(chao),古云(yun)“未登霍(huo)(huo)童空尋(xun)仙(xian)之說。
鶴林宮名稱的由來
唐天寶六年(nian)(即公元(yuan)747年(nian))玄(xuan)宗敕石偈(jie)篆刻“霍(huo)童(tong)洞天”四(si)字。
鶴(he)林宮(gong)(gong)乃全國道教四大名(ming)宮(gong)(gong)之一,系(xi)屬霍童(tong)“四十八仙景(jing)”之一。據《福建(jian)(jian)通(tong)志(zhi)》載肇建(jian)(jian)梁大通(tong)二年(nian)(即公元(yuan)528年(nian)),建(jian)(jian)在(zai)霍童(tong)山(shan)大童(tong)峰(feng)“鶴(he)頭巖”山(shan)麓(lu),即霍童(tong)洞天是(shi)也。傳(chuan)說唐貞觀(guan)六年(nian)(632年(nian))司馬(ma)煉(lian)師于(yu)此(ci)修(xiu)煉(lian)后敕額是(shi)“鶴(he)林”。一說:在(zai)東(dong)晉時有錢塘江人(ren)褚伯玉修(xiu)煉(lian)霍山(shan)。于(yu)梁大通(tong)二年(nian)在(zai)此(ci)山(shan)控鶴(he)上升,故(gu)號(hao)“鶴(he)林”。后傳(chuan)人(ren)朱(zhu)僧(seng)以其地建(jian)(jian)宮(gong)(gong)故(gu)稱“鶴(he)林宮(gong)(gong)”。
鶴林(lin)宮舊跡:景(jing)即霍童三(san)(san)十(shi)六(liu)爐香火(huo)(huo)“鶴林(lin)神(shen)宮”也(ye)。因在明嘉靖(jing)十(shi)三(san)(san)年廿(nian)日未(wei)時(即1534年)霪雨連霄、洪溪暴漲,“鶴頭巖”崩塌、堵(du)塞(sai)“金(jin)錢渡”、沖蕩神(shen)宮,爾后殿尚(shang)存三(san)(san)枚石柱,今發掘(jue)二枚殘缺圓(yuan)石柱,立在今重修宮內。鶴林(lin)宮原用108條石圓(yuan)柱而建成(cheng),符合(he)道教“三(san)(san)十(shi)六(liu)天罡七十(shi)二地煞”互補成(cheng)108之兆(zhao)的(de)“游仙(xian)山”勝景(jing)也(ye),供(gong)道士游客觀光瞻仰。上(shang)殿祭(ji)祀(si)“三(san)(san)清(qing)”尊神(shen),中殿祀(si)“玉皇大帝(di)”諸神(shen)仙(xian),下殿祀(si)“東岳大帝(di)”十(shi)殿王,兩廊祀(si)“四大元帥”。下設(she)三(san)(san)十(shi)六(liu)爐香火(huo)(huo),殿闕巍峨宏偉。古有詩云:“鶴林(lin)仙(xian)子宅,宮闕漾浮(fu)嵐,曉霽樓十(shi)二,晴光景(jing)六(liu)三(san)(san),仙(xian)歸詩泳仟,客到筆(bi)題酣,紫氣童光外,還疑(yi)遇老聃”。
鶴林(lin)宮(gong)被(bei)洪水沖(chong)蕩(dang)后而(er)廢,久未復興。原(yuan)因(yin)明太祖朱元璋,系僧侶出身,故佛教得益,道教受貶,許多道觀被(bei)改(gai)為寺院,道人(ren)散(san)入民間,鶴林(lin)宮(gong)蕩(dang)析后難(nan)以復興,從(cong)此寧德(de)道教衰(shuai)退不振也。
改革開放后的鶴林宮
三中(zhong)全會,國運復興(xing),改(gai)革開(kai)(kai)放,信仰(yang)自由。中(zhong)國道教(jiao)在1983年(nian)(nian),恢復工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。繼省(sheng)、地(di)市(shi)道教(jiao)成立協(xie)會后,于(yu)1995年(nian)(nian)寧德正式成立道教(jiao)協(xie)會。于(yu)此同(tong)時,由省(sheng)、市(shi)、區(qu)各級(ji)宗(zong)教(jiao)局、道協(xie)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)對第(di)一洞天(tian)鶴(he)林宮重(zhong)修(xiu)復興(xing)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)重(zhong)視牽頭下,當地(di)鎮、村黨政領(ling)(ling)導(dao)大力(li)(li)(li)支持和干(gan)群的(de)(de)(de)擁護,旅外鄉親關(guan)照(zhao)下,幾十(shi)(shi)位(wei)老年(nian)(nian)道教(jiao)居士在章積義(yi)、陳新開(kai)(kai)等人(ren)帶領(ling)(ling)下,以年(nian)(nian)邁(mai)的(de)(de)(de)余(yu)力(li)(li)(li),發揮(hui)“老有所為(wei)(wei)”的(de)(de)(de)精神,為(wei)(wei)公(gong)益(yi)事業(ye)(ye)而(er)獻身。于(yu)1996年(nian)(nian)著手籌備重(zhong)修(xiu)千余(yu)年(nian)(nian)古文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)“鶴(he)林宮”。業(ye)(ye)經上報鎮、區(qu)、市(shi)、省(sheng)批復,于(yu)2001年(nian)(nian)農歷八月廿日奠基動(dong)工(gong)(gong),在原鶴(he)頭巖(yan)山麓舊(jiu)址(zhi)重(zhong)修(xiu)復興(xing),占地(di)面積32.4畝(mu)(其中(zhong)耕地(di)面積15畝(mu)),現(xian)已投資(zi)近百(bai)萬(wan)元,完成“玉(yu)皇閣”靈宵殿三層棟(dong),728平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,文(wen)藝廣(guang)場1250平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,前后空坪,附屬工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)2900平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,鶴(he)林公(gong)路長800米,寬(kuan)5米,計4000平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,前期工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)初步(bu)完成。今后工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),望廣(guang)大仁人(ren)信士大力(li)(li)(li)支持為(wei)(wei)感。又于(yu)2005年(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)月十(shi)(shi)四為(wei)(wei)21尊神仙開(kai)(kai)光祭祀。
根(gen)據史載(zai)三十(shi)六爐香火,即36村信(xin)士奉祀之神(shen)袛,包括天仙圣(sheng)母陳(chen)奶娘和林公中(zhong)平王等諸(zhu)神(shen)袛。陳(chen)奶娘是五(wu)(wu)代后唐天成(cheng)戊子(zi)三年(nian)(nian)(即928年(nian)(nian))為(wei)神(shen)。林公是南宋咸(xian)淳己巳五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(即1296年(nian)(nian))為(wei)神(shen)。
全真龍門第二(er)十七代(dai)林高清(qing)道(dao)長出任霍(huo)童山鶴林宮主持(chi)后與眾道(dao)友居士再接再厲,為組建完美的“第一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”道(dao)場,不(bu)辭辛苦,努力(li)工作,并著手組建“中(zhong)國(guo)道(dao)教第一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”福建寧德霍(huo)童山道(dao)家文(wen)(wen)化(hua)研究中(zhong)心,以此達到弘揚(yang)和(he)推動“第一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”道(dao)家文(wen)(wen)化(hua),深受廣大信眾的支持(chi)!