鶴林宮的歷史文獻
“霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)山(shan)”在唐(tang)天(tian)(tian)寶六年(nian)(nian)(即公(gong)元747年(nian)(nian))玄宗敕改為(wei)“霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)山(shan)”亦稱“游仙山(shan)”。并敕石偈(jie)篆刻“霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”四字,已歷經(jing)1258年(nian)(nian)歷史。原(yuan)立在鶴(he)林宮內(nei)(nei),因宮被洪水(shui)沖走,而碑偈(jie)尚存,雖殘缺,文物猶存,現立在重(zhong)修宮內(nei)(nei)。第(di)一洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)歷史悠久,唐(tang)司(si)馬(ma)承禎《天(tian)(tian)地宮府圖(tu)》云:三十(shi)六洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)(第(di)一霍(huo)(huo)桐)又名“霍(huo)(huo)林洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”。道教(jiao)《白云經(jing)》云:唐(tang)末杜光庭《洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)福(fu)地岳瀆名山(shan)記》中都將(jiang)(jiang)霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)山(shan)列為(wei)全國三十(shi)六洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)之首。北宋天(tian)(tian)禧(xi)三年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1049年(nian)(nian))張(zhang)君房奉命校對。《云笈七(qi)簽(qian)》卷二十(shi)七(qi)《洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)福(fu)地》將(jiang)(jiang)霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)山(shan)列為(wei)“第(di)一洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”。洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)福(fu)地道教(jiao)輩出,古觀道士名人盛聞。曾有(you)韓眾、葛玄、左慈、王玄甫、鄧伯(bo)元、褚伯(bo)玉、陶宏景、白玉蟾等(deng)二十(shi)多位(wei)著(zhu)名道人修煉霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)山(shan)。霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)乃是(shi)仙巢,古云“未(wei)登(deng)霍(huo)(huo)童(tong)(tong)空尋仙之說。
鶴林宮名稱的由來
唐天寶六年(即(ji)公元(yuan)747年)玄(xuan)宗敕石(shi)偈篆刻“霍童洞天”四字。
鶴(he)林(lin)(lin)宮(gong)乃全國道(dao)教四(si)大(da)名宮(gong)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),系屬(shu)霍童(tong)“四(si)十(shi)八仙景(jing)”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。據《福建(jian)(jian)(jian)通志》載肇建(jian)(jian)(jian)梁大(da)通二年(即公元528年),建(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)霍童(tong)山大(da)童(tong)峰(feng)“鶴(he)頭巖(yan)”山麓,即霍童(tong)洞天(tian)是(shi)也。傳說唐貞(zhen)觀六年(632年)司馬煉師(shi)于(yu)此(ci)修煉后(hou)敕額是(shi)“鶴(he)林(lin)(lin)”。一(yi)(yi)說:在(zai)東(dong)晉時有錢塘(tang)江人(ren)褚伯玉修煉霍山。于(yu)梁大(da)通二年在(zai)此(ci)山控鶴(he)上升,故(gu)號(hao)“鶴(he)林(lin)(lin)”。后(hou)傳人(ren)朱僧以其地建(jian)(jian)(jian)宮(gong)故(gu)稱“鶴(he)林(lin)(lin)宮(gong)”。
鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)林(lin)宮舊跡:景即霍童三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)爐(lu)香(xiang)火(huo)“鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)林(lin)神(shen)宮”也。因在明嘉靖十(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)廿(nian)日未時(shi)(即1534年(nian))霪(yin)雨連霄、洪(hong)溪暴漲,“鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)頭(tou)巖”崩塌、堵(du)塞(sai)“金錢渡”、沖蕩(dang)神(shen)宮,爾后殿(dian)(dian)尚存(cun)三(san)(san)(san)枚(mei)石柱(zhu)(zhu),今(jin)發掘二(er)枚(mei)殘缺(que)圓(yuan)(yuan)石柱(zhu)(zhu),立在今(jin)重修宮內(nei)。鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)林(lin)宮原(yuan)用108條石圓(yuan)(yuan)柱(zhu)(zhu)而建(jian)成(cheng),符合道教“三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)天(tian)罡七十(shi)(shi)二(er)地煞”互補成(cheng)108之兆的(de)“游(you)仙山(shan)”勝景也,供道士(shi)游(you)客(ke)觀(guan)光(guang)瞻仰。上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)祭(ji)祀“三(san)(san)(san)清”尊(zun)神(shen),中殿(dian)(dian)祀“玉皇大(da)帝”諸神(shen)仙,下殿(dian)(dian)祀“東(dong)岳大(da)帝”十(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)王(wang),兩廊祀“四大(da)元帥”。下設(she)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)爐(lu)香(xiang)火(huo),殿(dian)(dian)闕巍(wei)峨宏偉。古(gu)有詩(shi)云(yun):“鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)林(lin)仙子宅,宮闕漾浮嵐,曉(xiao)霽(ji)樓十(shi)(shi)二(er),晴光(guang)景六(liu)三(san)(san)(san),仙歸(gui)詩(shi)泳仟,客(ke)到(dao)筆(bi)題(ti)酣,紫氣童光(guang)外,還(huan)疑遇老聃”。
鶴(he)林宮(gong)被洪水沖蕩(dang)后(hou)而廢(fei),久未(wei)復(fu)興。原因(yin)明太祖(zu)朱元璋,系僧侶(lv)出身(shen),故佛教得益,道(dao)教受貶,許多(duo)道(dao)觀被改為寺院,道(dao)人散入民(min)間,鶴(he)林宮(gong)蕩(dang)析后(hou)難以復(fu)興,從(cong)此寧德道(dao)教衰退不振(zhen)也。
改革開放后的鶴林宮
三中全會(hui),國運復(fu)(fu)(fu)興,改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放,信仰(yang)自由。中國道教(jiao)在(zai)1983年(nian)(nian),恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)作(zuo)。繼省、地(di)市道教(jiao)成(cheng)立協會(hui)后(hou),于(yu)(yu)1995年(nian)(nian)寧德(de)正式成(cheng)立道教(jiao)協會(hui)。于(yu)(yu)此同(tong)時(shi),由省、市、區各級宗教(jiao)局、道協領導對第一洞(dong)天(tian)鶴(he)林(lin)宮重(zhong)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)興工(gong)作(zuo)重(zhong)視牽頭下,當(dang)地(di)鎮(zhen)、村(cun)黨(dang)政領導大(da)(da)力(li)支(zhi)持和干(gan)群的(de)擁(yong)護(hu),旅外鄉親(qin)關照下,幾十位老年(nian)(nian)道教(jiao)居士在(zai)章積(ji)義、陳新開(kai)等人帶(dai)領下,以年(nian)(nian)邁(mai)的(de)余力(li),發揮“老有(you)所(suo)為”的(de)精神,為公益事(shi)業(ye)而獻(xian)身。于(yu)(yu)1996年(nian)(nian)著手籌備重(zhong)修(xiu)千余年(nian)(nian)古文(wen)化的(de)“鶴(he)林(lin)宮”。業(ye)經上報鎮(zhen)、區、市、省批復(fu)(fu)(fu),于(yu)(yu)2001年(nian)(nian)農歷八月廿日奠基(ji)動工(gong),在(zai)原鶴(he)頭巖山麓舊址重(zhong)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)興,占(zhan)地(di)面積(ji)32.4畝(mu)(mu)(其(qi)中耕地(di)面積(ji)15畝(mu)(mu)),現已投資近百(bai)萬元(yuan),完成(cheng)“玉皇閣”靈宵(xiao)殿三層棟,728平(ping)方米(mi),文(wen)藝廣場(chang)1250平(ping)方米(mi),前(qian)后(hou)空坪,附屬工(gong)程2900平(ping)方米(mi),鶴(he)林(lin)公路長800米(mi),寬5米(mi),計(ji)4000平(ping)方米(mi),前(qian)期(qi)工(gong)程初步完成(cheng)。今后(hou)工(gong)作(zuo),望廣大(da)(da)仁人信士大(da)(da)力(li)支(zhi)持為感(gan)。又(you)于(yu)(yu)2005年(nian)(nian)十月十四為21尊神仙開(kai)光祭祀。
根據(ju)史載三十六爐香火,即(ji)(ji)36村(cun)信(xin)士奉祀之神(shen)袛,包括天(tian)(tian)仙圣(sheng)母陳(chen)奶娘和林公中平王(wang)等諸神(shen)袛。陳(chen)奶娘是(shi)五代后唐天(tian)(tian)成戊子三年(nian)(nian)(即(ji)(ji)928年(nian)(nian))為神(shen)。林公是(shi)南宋咸淳己(ji)巳五年(nian)(nian)(即(ji)(ji)1296年(nian)(nian))為神(shen)。
全(quan)真龍門(men)第(di)二十(shi)七代林高清道(dao)長出任霍童山(shan)鶴林宮主持(chi)后(hou)與眾道(dao)友居士(shi)再(zai)接再(zai)厲,為(wei)組(zu)建完美的“第(di)一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”道(dao)場,不辭辛苦,努力工(gong)作,并著手組(zu)建“中國道(dao)教第(di)一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”福建寧德霍童山(shan)道(dao)家(jia)文化研(yan)究(jiu)中心,以此達到弘(hong)揚和推動“第(di)一(yi)洞(dong)天(tian)(tian)”道(dao)家(jia)文化,深受廣大信(xin)眾的支持(chi)!