水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou),詞牌名,又名“元會(hui)曲”“凱歌(ge)”臺城游(you)“水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)”“花(hua)犯(fan)念奴(nu)”“花(hua)犯(fan)”。以毛滂《元會(hui)曲·九(jiu)(jiu)金增宋重》為正體,雙(shuang)(shuang)調(diao)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)五(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)。另有雙(shuang)(shuang)調(diao)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)五(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、兩(liang)(liang)仄韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、兩(liang)(liang)仄韻(yun)(yun);雙(shuang)(shuang)調(diao)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)五(wu)字(zi),前段(duan)九(jiu)(jiu)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、五(wu)葉(xie)韻(yun)(yun),后段(duan)十(shi)句四(si)平(ping)韻(yun)(yun)、五(wu)葉(xie)韻(yun)(yun)等變體。代表作品有蘇(su)軾(shi)《水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)·明月幾(ji)時有》、陳亮《水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)·送章德茂大卿使虜(lu)》、毛澤東《水(shui)調(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)·游(you)泳》等
“水(shui)調(diao)歌頭”詞調(diao)來來源于《水(shui)調(diao)》曲(qu)。《水(shui)調(diao)》曲(qu),為隋煬(yang)(yang)帝(di)所制(zhi)。唐(tang)劉(liu)餗《隋唐(tang)嘉話》說(shuo)(shuo):“煬(yang)(yang)帝(di)鑿(zao)汴河(he),自制(zhi)《水(shui)調(diao)歌》。”《脞(cuo)說(shuo)(shuo)》也說(shuo)(shuo):“《水(shui)調(diao)》《河(he)傳(chuan)》,煬(yang)(yang)帝(di)將幸江都時自制(zhi),聲韻悲切,帝(di)喜(xi)之。樂(le)工王令言謂(wei)其弟子(zi)曰(yue):‘不(bu)返矣,《水(shui)調(diao)》《河(he)傳(chuan)》但有去(qu)聲。’”(《碧(bi)雞(ji)漫志》卷四引)杜牧《揚州》詩(shi)“誰家唱水(shui)調(diao)”句自注(zhu)亦說(shuo)(shuo):“煬(yang)(yang)帝(di)鑿(zao)汴河(he)成,自造《水(shui)調(diao)》。”(《樊(fan)川詩(shi)集注(zhu)》卷三)雖然(ran)《水(shui)調(diao)》究竟是(shi)開(kai)汴河(he)前還是(shi)汴河(he)開(kai)成后所制(zhi),三家說(shuo)(shuo)法不(bu)一(yi),但為煬(yang)(yang)帝(di)自制(zhi),則(ze)無異辭(ci)。
到了(le)唐(tang)(tang)代(dai),《水(shui)(shui)調》成(cheng)為(wei)傳(chuan)唱(chang)不(bu)衰(shuai)的(de)名曲。盛唐(tang)(tang)王(wang)昌齡有(you)《聽流人(ren)(ren)水(shui)(shui)調子》詩(shi):“嶺色(se)千重萬重而,斷弦(xian)收與淚痕深(shen)。”玄宗(zong)朝樂家許和子,開(kai)元(yuan)末選入(ru)宮,改名永新,“善歌(ge)(ge),能變新聲”。安史亂后,避地(di)揚州,于舟中(zhong)“奏《水(shui)(shui)調》”,金吾將軍(jun)韋(wei)青一聽,即知是“永新歌(ge)(ge)也”(段安節《樂府(fu)雜(za)錄·歌(ge)(ge)》)。可(ke)見當(dang)時《水(shui)(shui)調》之為(wei)人(ren)(ren)所(suo)熟悉的(de)程度。玄宗(zong)本人(ren)(ren)也喜聽此(ci)曲,逃奔蜀(shu)中(zhong)之前,登樓置酒,令善唱(chang)《水(shui)(shui)調》者登樓而歌(ge)(ge),“聞(wen)之,潸然出涕”(李德裕《次柳氏舊聞(wen)》。又見《本事詩(shi)·事感第(di)二(er)》《明皇雜(za)錄》)。中(zhong)唐(tang)(tang)白居易有(you)《聽水(shui)(shui)調》詩(shi):“不(bu)會當(dang)時翻曲意,此(ci)聲腸(chang)斷為(wei)何(he)人(ren)(ren)?”晚唐(tang)(tang)羅隱亦有(you)《席上(shang)歌(ge)(ge)水(shui)(shui)調》:“若使(shi)煬皇魂魄在(zai),為(wei)君(jun)應合(he)過江(jiang)來。”
直到五代(dai)北宋,《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》仍在傳唱(chang)。鄭文寶《南唐(tang)舊事》即載元宗“嘗乘醉(zui),命樂工(gong)楊花飛奏《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)辭》進酒”。馮(feng)延巳《拋球樂》亦有“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)聲(sheng)長醉(zui)里聽”之句。北宋張先《天仙子》之“水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)數聲(sheng)持酒聽”更為(wei)人所熟悉。與(yu)張先同時而(er)略晚的劉敞《公(gong)是集》有《揚州(zhou)聞歌》詩:“淮南舊有于遮舞(wu),隋俗今(jin)傳水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)聲(sheng)。”一支樂曲能傳唱(chang)四五百年(nian),其魅(mei)力之大,不難想見。
《水(shui)調》,在唐代有(you)大曲、小曲之分(fen)。大曲《水(shui)調》歌(ge),“凡十(shi)一疊(die),前五(wu)疊(die)為(wei)歌(ge),后六疊(die)為(wei)入(ru)破。其歌(ge),第(di)五(wu)疊(die)五(wu)言調,聲韻怨切。故(gu)白居(ju)易詩云:“五(wu)言一遍(bian)最殷勤,調少(shao)情多似有(you)因。不會當時翻曲意,此聲腸斷為(wei)何人(ren)?’”《樂(le)府詩集》卷七十(shi)九(jiu)按(an),《樂(le)府詩集》所載十(shi)一疊(die)《水(shui)調》,第(di)一至第(di)四疊(die)(遍(bian))歌(ge)為(wei)七言,第(di)五(wu)疊(die)為(wei)五(wu)言;入(ru)破第(di)一至第(di)五(wu)為(wei)七言,第(di)六轍又為(wei)五(wu)言。
《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》小曲(qu),是(shi)單曲(qu)歌(ge)(ge)唱(參任半(ban)塘《唐聲(sheng)詩》下編(bian)卷十(shi)三)。王昌齡所(suo)聽《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)子》即(ji)是(shi)小曲(qu)。當時(shi)《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》主(zhu)要以笛(di)(di)子演奏(zou),唐大曲(qu)《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)》的(de)第二疊歌(ge)(ge)辭即(ji)說(shuo)“笛(di)(di)倚(yi)新翻水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)(ge)”,南唐馮(feng)延(yan)巳《采(cai)桑子》也說(shuo):“水(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)何人吹笛(di)(di)聲(sheng)?”
“唐又(you)有新(xin)《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)》,亦商調(diao)曲也(ye)(ye)”(《樂(le)府(fu)詩(shi)集》卷七十九)。《碧雞漫志(zhi)》卷四也(ye)(ye)說白居易《看采菱》詩(shi)所(suo)言(yan)“時唱一曲新(xin)水(shui)(shui)調(diao),謾人道(dao)是(shi)采菱歌(ge)”,是(shi)指(zhi)“《水(shui)(shui)調(diao)》中新(xin)腔(qiang)”。
唐代的(de)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》,又指音(yin)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)名(ming)(ming)(ming),即一(yi)(yi)(yi)部樂的(de)總名(ming)(ming)(ming)(非(fei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)曲(qu)(qu)之專名(ming)(ming)(ming))。《唐會要(yao)》卷三(san)十三(san)所載(zai)“南昌(chang)商,時(shi)號水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)”,即指音(yin)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)而言。宋玉(yu)灼《碧雞漫志》卷四說(shuo):“《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)歌》:《理道要(yao)訣》所載(zai)唐樂曲(qu)(qu)南宮商,時(shi)號《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》。予數(shu)見唐人說(shuo)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》,各有不同(tong),予因疑《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》非(fei)曲(qu)(qu)名(ming)(ming)(ming),乃俗呼音(yin)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)之異(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming),今決矣。……按外史《鑄機》云:‘王衍(yan)(yan)泛舟(zhou)巡院(yuan)中,舟(zhou)子皆衣錦繡,自制(zhi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)·銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)》。’此《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》中制(zhi)《銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)》也。王衍(yan)(yan)所制(zhi)《銀汗曲(qu)(qu)》,屬《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》樂部中之曲(qu)(qu),故《銀漢(han)曲(qu)(qu)》前(qian)冠(guan)以(yi)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》。毛(mao)先(xian)舒(shu)《填詞名(ming)(ming)(ming)解》卷三(san)據此亦說(shuo):“《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)》者,一(yi)(yi)(yi)部樂之名(ming)(ming)(ming)也;《水(shui)(shui)(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)歌》者,一(yi)(yi)(yi)曲(qu)(qu)之名(ming)(ming)(ming)也。”
“水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”,則是(shi)截取(qu)大(da)曲(qu)《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》的首(shou)章另倚(yi)新(xin)聲(sheng)而成。《填(tian)詞(ci)名解(jie)》說:“歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou),又(you)曲(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)始音,如‘六(liu)州(zhou)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)’‘氐州(zhou)第一’之(zhi)(zhi)類。《海錄碎事》云:‘煬帝(di)開汴河,自造《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》,其(qi)歌(ge)頗多,謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)《歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)》,首(shou)章之(zhi)(zhi)一解(jie)也。顧從敬《詩馀箋釋》云:‘明皇欲幸蜀時,猶聽唱(chang)《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》,至‘唯有年年秋雁飛’,因潸然,嘆嶠(jiao)真才子(zi)!不(bu)待曲(qu)終。’水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)曲(qu)頗廣,因歌(ge)止首(shou)解(jie),故(gu)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)《歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)》。或云南唐元宗留心內(nei)寵,擊鞫無虛日。樂(le)工楊花(hua)飛奏(zou)《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》詞(ci),但唱(chang)‘南朝天(tian)子(zi)愛風流’一句(ju)(ju),如是(shi)數四,以為(wei)諷諫。后人廣其(qi)意為(wei)詞(ci),以其(qi)第一句(ju)(ju),故(gu)稱(cheng)‘水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)’云。”“水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”與唐人《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》所屬(shu)宮調(diao)(diao)(diao)不(bu)同。唐代的《水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)》,屬(shu)商調(diao)(diao)(diao)曲(qu);宋(song)代的“水(shui)調(diao)(diao)(diao)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou)”,則為(wei)中呂調(diao)(diao)(diao)(《碧雞漫志》卷(juan)四)。故(gu)《詞(ci)譜》卷(juan)二(er)十(shi)三說:“凡(fan)大(da)曲(qu)歌(ge)頭(tou)(tou),另倚(yi)新(xin)聲(sheng)也。”
“水調歌(ge)頭”一調,有不同異名。毛滂詞(ci)(ci)名《元(yuan)會曲》,張矩詞(ci)(ci)名《凱(kai)歌(ge)》,吳文英詞(ci)(ci)《江南好》,賀鑄(zhu)詞(ci)(ci)名《臺城游》,汪相如詞(ci)(ci)名《水調歌(ge)》,姜夔詞(ci)(ci)名《花(hua)犯(fan)念(nian)奴》,明楊(yang)慎詞(ci)(ci)名《花(hua)犯(fan)》。
正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti),雙(shuang)調(diao)(diao)九十五字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),前(qian)段(duan)九句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)平(ping)韻,后(hou)段(duan)十句(ju)(ju)四(si)(si)平(ping)韻。以毛(mao)(mao)滂(pang)《元會曲(qu)·九金增宋(song)重》為(wei)代表。此(ci)調(diao)(diao)以此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)及周詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、蘇詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti),若賀詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之偷聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),王詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、劉詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之添(tian)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),傅(fu)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之減字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),皆變體(ti)(ti)也。此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)前(qian)后(hou)段(duan)不間(jian)入仄(ze)韻,宋(song)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)俱(ju)如(ru)此(ci)填。其(qi)前(qian)段(duan)第(di)三(san)、四(si)(si)句(ju)(ju),后(hou)段(duan)第(di)四(si)(si)、五句(ju)(ju),俱(ju)四(si)(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一句(ju)(ju)、七字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一句(ju)(ju),其(qi)七字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)句(ju)(ju)并作(zuo)拗體(ti)(ti)。惟(wei)葛郯(tan)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“翠光千頃(qing),為(wei)誰來(lai)去為(wei)誰留”、“跳珠(zhu)翻沫,轟雷掣(che)電幾時收”,呂(lv)渭(wei)老詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“醉魂何在,應騎(qi)箕尾到(dao)青天”、“黃粱未熟,經(jing)游都(dou)在夢魂間(jian)”,劉過詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“日(ri)高花困,海棠風暖想(xiang)都(dou)開”,“人(ren)生行樂,且(qie)(qie)須痛(tong)飲莫辭杯”,“誰”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“雷”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“騎(qi)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“游”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“棠”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“須”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱(ju)平(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),與(yu)(yu)此(ci)異(yi)。又前(qian)段(duan)起句(ju)(ju),毛(mao)(mao)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)別(bie)首(shou)(shou)“金馬空故事”,辛(xin)棄疾(ji)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“四(si)(si)坐且(qie)(qie)勿語”,葉夢得詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“修眉掃(sao)遙碧”。換頭三(san)句(ju)(ju),毛(mao)(mao)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)別(bie)首(shou)(shou)“雙(shuang)石(shi)健,含古色,照(zhao)新堂”,“石(shi)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“古”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱(ju)仄(ze)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。蘇軾詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“眾鳥里,真彩鳳(feng),獨不鳴”,“彩”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“不”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱(ju)仄(ze)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。辛(xin)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)“回首(shou)(shou)處(chu),云正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)出,鳥倦(juan)飛(fei)”,“首(shou)(shou)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、“倦(juan)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱(ju)仄(ze)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),俱(ju)與(yu)(yu)此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)異(yi)。
變體一(yi),雙調(diao)九十五字(zi)(zi),前段九句(ju)四(si)平韻,后段十句(ju)四(si)平韻。以周紫芝《水調(diao)歌(ge)頭·丙午(wu)登白(bai)鷺亭(ting)作》為代表。此詞前段第(di)三(san)句(ju)六(liu)(liu)字(zi)(zi),第(di)四(si)句(ju)五字(zi)(zi),后段第(di)四(si)句(ju)六(liu)(liu)字(zi)(zi),第(di)五句(ju)五字(zi)(zi),與(yu)毛(mao)詞異。按蘇軾詞“中(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)親友離別,絲竹緩離憂”、“故(gu)鄉歸去千里,佳處輒遲留”,葉夢(meng)得(de)詞“倚(yi)空千嶂橫起,銀闕正(zheng)當中(zhong)(zhong)”、“遙(yao)知玉斧初斲,重到(dao)廣(guang)寒(han)宮”,正(zheng)與(yu)此同(tong)。宋詞如(ru)吳文英、劉克莊、方岳,金(jin)元詞如(ru)蔡(cai)松年(nian)、王庭筠、元好問、趙(zhao)孟頫(fu),皆如(ru)此填。
變體二,雙(shuang)調九(jiu)十五(wu)字,前(qian)(qian)段(duan)(duan)(duan)九(jiu)句四(si)平韻(yun)、兩(liang)(liang)仄(ze)韻(yun),后(hou)段(duan)(duan)(duan)十句四(si)平韻(yun)、兩(liang)(liang)仄(ze)韻(yun)。以(yi)蘇軾《水調歌頭·明月幾時有(you)(you)》為代(dai)表。此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)前(qian)(qian)段(duan)(duan)(duan)第(di)五(wu)、六句,后(hou)段(duan)(duan)(duan)第(di)六、七句,間入兩(liang)(liang)仄(ze)韻(yun)。按劉仲芳詞(ci)(ci)“極目平沙千(qian)里,惟見雕弓白羽”、“堂有(you)(you)經(jing)綸賢相,邊(bian)有(you)(you)縱橫謀將”。葉夢(meng)得詞(ci)(ci)“分付平云千(qian)里,包卷(juan)騷人遺思”、“卻嘆(tan)從來賢士,如我(wo)與(yu)(yu)公多矣”。辛棄疾詞(ci)(ci)“好卷(juan)垂虹千(qian)尺,只放冰壺一(yi)色”、“寄語(yu)煙波舊侶,聞(wen)道蒪鱸(lu)正(zheng)美”。段(duan)(duan)(duan)克己(ji)詞(ci)(ci)“神(shen)既來兮庭(ting)宇(yu),颯颯西風吹(chui)雨”、“風外淵(yuan)淵(yuan)簫鼓(gu)(gu),醉(zui)飽滿城黎庶”,正(zheng)與(yu)(yu)此(ci)同(tong)。但葉夢(meng)得詞(ci)(ci)“里”、“思”、“士”、“矣”,段(duan)(duan)(duan)克己(ji)詞(ci)(ci)“宇(yu)”、“雨”、“鼓(gu)(gu)”、“庶”,前(qian)(qian)后(hou)段(duan)(duan)(duan)同(tong)一(yi)韻(yun),與(yu)(yu)此(ci)詞(ci)(ci)前(qian)(qian)后(hou)各韻(yun)者又(you)微有(you)(you)別。此(ci)外,又(you)有(you)(you)前(qian)(qian)段(duan)(duan)(duan)第(di)五(wu)、六句押仄(ze)韻(yun),后(hou)段(duan)(duan)(duan)不押者,或有(you)(you)后(hou)段(duan)(duan)(duan)第(di)六、七句押仄(ze)韻(yun),前(qian)(qian)段(duan)(duan)(duan)不押者,此(ci)則偶合,不復分體。
變體(ti)三,雙調(diao)九十(shi)五(wu)(wu)字,前段九句(ju)四(si)平韻(yun)、五(wu)(wu)葉韻(yun),后(hou)段十(shi)句(ju)四(si)平韻(yun)、五(wu)(wu)葉韻(yun)。以賀(he)鑄《臺城游·南國本瀟(xiao)灑》為代表。此(ci)詞第(di)一(yi)句(ju)押韻(yun),以平韻(yun)為主,其(qi)仄韻(yun),即用本部麻、馬、祃三聲葉,間入平韻(yun)之內。宋人只此(ci)一(yi)體(ti),并無別首可校。若其(qi)前段第(di)三、四(si)句(ju),后(hou)段第(di)五(wu)(wu)、六(liu)句(ju)俱(ju)作(zuo)四(si)字一(yi)句(ju)、七(qi)字一(yi)句(ju),則與毛(mao)詞同(tong),但不作(zuo)拗(ao)體(ti)耳(er)。
變體四(si),雙調九十七(qi)字(zi)(zi)(zi),前(qian)后(hou)段各(ge)十句(ju)、四(si)平韻。以王之道《水調歌頭·斜陽明(ming)薄暮(mu)》為(wei)代表。此(ci)與毛詞同,惟前(qian)段毛詞第四(si)句(ju)系七(qi)字(zi)(zi)(zi),此(ci)則添二字(zi)(zi)(zi)作(zuo)四(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)、五字(zi)(zi)(zi)兩句(ju)異。
變體五,雙調九十(shi)七字(zi),前段九句四(si)平韻(yun),后段十(shi)一句四(si)平韻(yun)。以(yi)張孝祥《水調歌頭·雪洗鹵塵凈》為代表。此與周詞(ci)同(tong),惟后段周詞(ci)第(di)四(si)句系六字(zi),此則添二(er)字(zi)作四(si)字(zi)兩(liang)句異。
變體六,雙調九(jiu)十六字,前(qian)段(duan)九(jiu)句四平(ping)韻,后(hou)段(duan)十句四平(ping)韻。以劉因《水調歌(ge)頭·一諾與金(jin)重》為代表。此與周(zhou)詞(ci)同(tong),惟后(hou)段(duan)第五(wu)句添一字作六字折(zhe)腰句法異(yi)。
變體七,雙調九(jiu)十四字(zi),前后段各九(jiu)句、四平(ping)韻。以傅公(gong)謀《水調歌頭(tou)·草草三間屋》為代(dai)表。此與毛詞同,惟(wei)后段第一(yi)、二句減一(yi)字(zi)作五字(zi)句異(yi)。
格律對照(zhao)例(li)詞:《元會曲·九金(jin)增宋重》
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
九金(jin)增宋(song)重,八玉變(bian)秦馀。千年(nian)清浸,先凈(jing)河洛出(chu)圖書。一(yi)段升平(ping)光(guang)景,不但五(wu)星循軌,萬(wan)點(dian)共連珠。垂衣本神圣,補(bu)袞妙工夫。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平平。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平平。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)平仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平平。
朝元(yuan)去,鏘環(huan)佩,冷云衢。芝房雅秦,儀(yi)鳳矯首聽笙竽(yu)。天(tian)近黃麾仗(zhang)曉(xiao),春早(zao)紅鸞扇暖,遲日(ri)上金鋪。萬歲南山色,不老對(dui)唐(tang)虞(yu)。
格(ge)律對照例(li)詞:《水調歌頭(tou)·丙午登(deng)白鷺亭作》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
歲晚念(nian)行役(yi),江(jiang)闊渺(miao)風(feng)煙。六朝文物何在,回首更凄然。倚(yi)盡危樓杰觀,暗想瓊(qiong)枝璧月,羅(luo)襪步(bu)承蓮。桃葉山前(qian)鷺,無語下寒灘。
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
潮寂寞(mo),浸孤壘(lei),漲(zhang)平川。莫愁艇子何處,煙(yan)樹杳無邊。玉(yu)謝堂前(qian)雙燕,空繞烏衣門巷,斜日草連天。只有臺城月,千古照(zhao)嬋娟(juan)。
格律(lv)對照例詞:《水(shui)調歌(ge)頭·明月幾時有(you)》
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)?仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
明(ming)月幾時有,把酒問青天。不(bu)知天上宮(gong)闕,今夕是(shi)何(he)年?我欲乘風歸去,又恐瓊樓玉宇(yu),高處不(bu)勝寒。起舞弄清影,何(he)似在人間(jian)。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)?平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
轉朱閣,低綺戶(hu),照無眠。不應有恨,何事長(chang)向別(bie)時圓?人(ren)有悲(bei)歡離(li)合,月有陰晴圓缺,此(ci)事古(gu)難全(quan)。但(dan)愿人(ren)長(chang)久,千里共嬋娟。
格律(lv)對(dui)照例詞:《臺城游·南國本瀟灑》
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
南(nan)國本瀟(xiao)灑(sa),六代浸豪奢。臺城游冶,襞箋能賦屬宮娃(wa)。云(yun)觀登臨清夏,碧月留連(lian)長夜,吟(yin)醉送年華。回首飛(fei)鴛(yuan)瓦(wa),卻羨井中(zhong)蛙(wa)。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
訪(fang)烏衣,成白社(she),不容車。舊(jiu)時王謝,堂前(qian)雙燕(yan)過誰家?樓外河(he)橫(heng)斗掛(gua),淮上潮平霜下,檣(qiang)影落寒沙(sha)。商女(nv)篷窗罅,猶唱后庭花。
格(ge)律(lv)對照例詞(ci):《水調歌頭·斜陽明薄暮》
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
斜陽(yang)明薄暮,暗(an)雨霽涼(liang)秋(qiu)。弱(ruo)云狼藉,晚來(lai)風起(qi),席(xi)卷更無(wu)留。天外老蟾高(gao)掛(gua),皎皎寒光照水,金碧共沉浮。賓主(zhu)一(yi)時興,傾(qing)動(dong)庾(yu)公(gong)樓(lou)。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
渡銀漢,溥(pu)玉露,勢如流。不妨(fang)吟賞,坐擁紅袖舞(wu)還謳。暗祝今宵素魄,助我清才逸氣,穩步上瀛洲。欲識瀛洲路,雄(xiong)據六鰲頭。
格律對照例詞:《水調歌頭·雪洗鹵塵凈》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
雪洗鹵塵凈,風約楚云留(liu)。何人(ren)為寫悲壯,吹笛古城樓。湖(hu)海平生豪氣,關塞如今風景(jing),剪燭看吳鉤。剩(sheng)喜(xi)然犀(xi)處(chu),駭浪與天浮。
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
憶當年,周與謝,富春(chun)秋。小喬初嫁,香囊猶在,功業故優游。赤壁磯頭(tou)落照,淝水橋邊衰(shuai)草(cao),渺渺喚人愁。我欲乘(cheng)風去,擊楫誓中流。
格(ge)律對(dui)照例詞:《水調歌頭·一諾與金(jin)重》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)。
一諾與金重,一笑比河清(qing)。風花(hua)不遇真賞,終古未全平(ping)。前(qian)日青春(chun)歸去(qu),今日尊(zun)前(qian)笑語(yu),春(chun)意滿(man)西城。花(hua)鳥喜相對,賓主(zhu)眼俱(ju)明。
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄仄,仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄仄仄,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄仄,仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄仄,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄,仄仄仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄,仄仄仄平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
平(ping)生事,千古意,兩忘情。醉眠君且去(qu)我(wo),扶我(wo)者、有門生。窗下(xia)煙江白鳥,空外浮云蒼狗(gou),未(wei)肯便寒盟(meng)。從此(ci)洛陽社,莫(mo)厭小車行。
格(ge)律對照例(li)詞:《調(diao)歌(ge)頭·草(cao)草(cao)三間(jian)屋》
仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
草草三(san)間屋,愛(ai)竹旋添栽(zai)。碧紗窗(chuang)戶,眼前都是翠云堆。一(yi)月山翁(weng)高(gao)臥,踏(ta)雪水村(cun)清冷(leng),木落(luo)遠山開(kai)。惟有平(ping)安竹,留得伴(ban)寒梅。
平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)?仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)仄(ze)(ze)仄(ze)(ze)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。
家童開門看,有誰來(lai)?客(ke)來(lai)一笑,清話煮茗更傳杯(bei)。有酒(jiu)只愁(chou)無客(ke),有客(ke)又愁(chou)無酒(jiu),酒(jiu)熟且徘徊(huai)。明(ming)日人間(jian)事,天自(zi)有安(an)排。
(說(shuo)明:詞(ci)(ci)牌格(ge)律與對照例詞(ci)(ci)交錯排(pai)(pai)列。格(ge)律使用宋體字排(pai)(pai)印,例詞(ci)(ci)使用斜體字排(pai)(pai)印。詞(ci)(ci)牌符號(hao)含義(yi)如下(xia):平(ping),表(biao)(biao)示(shi)填平(ping)聲字;仄(ze),表(biao)(biao)示(shi)填仄(ze)聲字;中(zhong),表(biao)(biao)示(shi)可平(ping)可仄(ze)。句末加粗為(wei)韻腳。)
北(bei)宋·蘇舜欽《水調歌頭·滄浪亭》
北宋·蘇(su)軾《水調歌頭·明月幾時有(you)》
北宋(song)·蘇軾《水調歌頭(tou)·安石(shi)在東海(hai)》
北宋·蘇(su)軾《水調歌頭·黃(huang)州快哉亭贈張偓佺》
北宋·蘇軾《水調歌(ge)頭·昵昵兒(er)女(nv)語》
北宋·賀(he)鑄《臺城游·南(nan)國本瀟灑》
南宋·范成大《水調歌頭·細數十年事(shi)》
南宋(song)·張孝(xiao)祥《水調歌頭·金(jin)山觀月》
南宋(song)·張(zhang)孝(xiao)祥《水調歌頭·泛湘江》
南宋·辛棄疾《水調歌頭·白日射金(jin)闕》
南宋·辛棄(qi)疾《水調歌頭·舟次揚州和人(ren)韻(yun)》
南宋·辛棄疾《水調(diao)歌(ge)頭·壬子(zi)被召端仁相餞席上作》
南宋·辛棄(qi)疾《水調歌頭(tou)·送楊民瞻》
南宋·辛棄疾《水調歌頭·盟鷗(ou)》
南宋(song)·陳亮《水(shui)調歌頭·送章德茂大卿使虜》
南宋·袁(yuan)去華《水調歌頭·定王臺》
金末(mo)元初(chu)·元好問《水調歌頭·賦三門津》
近代(dai)·毛(mao)澤(ze)東《水(shui)調歌頭·游泳》
近代(dai)·毛(mao)澤東《水調(diao)歌頭·重上(shang)井(jing)岡山》。