鉛酸蓄電池的特點

當鉛酸蓄電池的容量放出70%以上時就應及時對其進行充電(dian)。并且(qie)按(an)如(ru)下三階(jie)段進行：第一階(jie)段為恒流充電(dian)，第二階(jie)段為恒壓充電(dian)，第三：階(jie)段為滑流電(dian)。否(fou)則，會(hui)嚴(yan)重影響莆電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的使用壽(shou)命(ming)門前廣泛用于(yu)鉛酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)器(qi)的UC3842集成電(dian)路可直接驅動MOS開關管，在(zai)穩定輸出電(dian)壓的同(tong)時，具有負載電(dian)流控(kong)制(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力（稱其為電(dian)流控(kong)制(zhi)型開關電(dian)源驅動器(qi)）。無疑具有獨特的優勢：只要用極少的外(wai)圍元件即可(ke)實現恒壓輸出和控(kong)制(zhi)充電(dian)電(dian)流的目(mu)的。使充電(dian)器(qi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠按(an)照鉛酸莆電(dian)池性能(neng)(neng)(neng)要求，達到接步驟地實現智能(neng)(neng)(neng)充電(dian)的目(mu)的。

該圖片由注冊用戶"沉靜時光"提供，版權聲明反饋

鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)器參數解讀

電動車鉛酸蓄電池組充電時，有幾個關鍵參數：最高充電電壓、浮充電壓、浮充轉換電流、最大充電電流。它們應該是多少？如何制定？其中最主要的是最高充電電壓，多少為好？與析氣量、充入電容量和環境溫度又是什么關系？對此眾說不一，各電池生產廠家(jia)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求也不(bu)一樣。最(zui)高(gao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值相對誤差范圍(wei)是(shi)(shi)多少(shao)？我們不(bu)能(neng)脫離實(shi)際的(de)工作對象，盲目制(zhi)定(ding)出超常(chang)規的(de)精度要(yao)(yao)求。我們接(jie)到某電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)售后服(fu)務部通知(zhi)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器比規定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因(yin)此熱(re)失控(kong)而充(chong)(chong)(chong)脹了；也接(jie)到通知(zhi)說：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比規定(ding)定(ding)低0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)，提(ti)前報廢。一個千分之幾的(de)誤差造成如(ru)此嚴重后果，真(zhen)是(shi)(shi)失之毫厘(li)，謬之千里之外，鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)果真(zhen)有這么神秘嗎？為了解(jie)開困擾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中的(de)這個謎團(tuan)，做如(ru)下實(shi)驗。

用(yong)(yong)一個(ge)水(shui)槽(cao)盛(sheng)滿水(shui)，電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)在水(shui)中，在電(dian)(dian)池上方有一個(ge)收集氣(qi)體用(yong)(yong)的倒扣(kou)的漏(lou)斗，漏(lou)斗頂端裝有可以計(ji)量(liang)氣(qi)體容量(liang)的注射針筒。充電(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)可調穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源，用(yong)(yong)兩只四位半數字萬(wan)用(yong)(yong)表(biao)測量(liang)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流和充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

試驗時(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)在冬季，水溫5℃。實驗條件是(shi)統一用2A電(dian)(dian)流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，最充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)分別(bie)用43V、44V、45V輪循環(huan)依次進(jin)行，浮充(chong)轉換電(dian)(dian)流一律400mA，記錄(lu)下(xia)(xia)每次的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，包括充(chong)電(dian)(dian)末期隨(sui)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)流下(xia)(xia)降各點數(shu)據、開始(shi)析氣電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，按時(shi)間(jian)(jian)記錄(lu)析氣量(liang)。電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)完后，用萬分之幾精度(du)的電(dian)(dian)量(liang)臺記錄(lu)放電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)。充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)量(liang)是(shi)在計算紙上讀(du)出時(shi)間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)流曲(qu)線(xian)與坐標之間(jian)(jian)的面積（電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)就是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流對(dui)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的定積分）。

該圖片由注冊用戶"沉靜時光"提供，版權聲明反饋

備注(zhu)：該(gai)電池組30℃時(shi)，放電容(rong)量為10Ah。

得到(dao)試(shi)驗數據后(hou)，最(zui)感到(dao)驚異的是：充(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的多少幾(ji)乎與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無關。很多人認(ren)為(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會充(chong)(chong)不(bu)滿，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會提前鹽(yan)化報廢，特別是在冬季氣(qi)溫較低的時候。而這(zhe)次試(shi)驗正好是在冬季，水溫只有5℃，試(shi)驗的中心電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值是44V，上(shang)下(xia)偏(pian)差(cha)1V，相(xiang)對誤差(cha)是2.3%。在用(yong)43V和45V充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的情況(kuang)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量和放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量相(xiang)差(cha)無幾(ji)，與大(da)家公(gong)認(ren)的看法大(da)相(xiang)徑(jing)庭(ting)，試(shi)驗是用(yong)的同(tong)一(yi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，同(tong)樣(yang)的充(chong)(chong)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條件(jian)，輪番做同(tong)樣(yang)的測試(shi)，實驗數據重復同(tong)樣(yang)的規律，可排除偶(ou)然(ran)因(yin)素干(gan)擾，試(shi)驗數據是準(zhun)確可信的。從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理上(shang)看，只要充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，都會給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，一(yi)直到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的活(huo)性物質(zhi)轉換完成(cheng)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源開始由恒流(liu)區(qu)(qu)轉變(bian)到(dao)恒壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)，這(zhe)種(zhong)轉變(bian)是由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自身(shen)充(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量多少、活(huo)性物質(zhi)反應(ying)(ying)了(le)多少決定(ding)的，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的高(gao)低，僅(jin)是能進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)反應(ying)(ying)的條件(jian)，只要高(gao)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)開路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就會給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，多少物質(zhi)能參與反應(ying)(ying)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自身(shen)決定(ding)。從這(zhe)個思(si)路(lu)理解，就不(bu)難(nan)得出，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)低對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量沒有多大(da)影響(xiang)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在42.5V～43.5V時(shi)開始析(xi)氣，而(er)析(xi)氣的速度與(yu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有關(guan)。到充電(dian)(dian)(dian)結束(shu)時(shi)，總析(xi)氣量與(yu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有關(guan)，43V與(yu)45V總析(xi)氣量相差10位（注：以單格(ge)允許極限失水10克，18格(ge)相當240公升氣體，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池45V時(shi)失水并不大）。 在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)末期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流下降(jiang)區時(shi)，只(zhi)要降(jiang)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)到42.5V時(shi)，析(xi)氣立即停(ting)止(zhi)，這時(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流稍小一點，還(huan)會依(yi)著原來的規律下降(jiang)。

這(zhe)里對浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)討論一(yi)下(xia)(xia)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)長(chang)期處于(yu)(yu)(yu)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)(xia)的(de)鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組，如后備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源上(shang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)等，對浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)要求是(shi)嚴格的(de)。據(ju)國處文(wen)獻，浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有-0.2%溫度(du)系數，浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)偏差(cha)太大(da)會造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)鹽化。而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)屬循環使用(yong)(yong)，不(bu)(bu)是(shi)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)種狀(zhuang)態(tai)，不(bu)(bu)應該用(yong)(yong)套用(yong)(yong)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)條件(jian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器設定浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)目的(de)僅是(shi)免于(yu)(yu)(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期大(da)量析氣(qi)失水，只要把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降到析氣(qi)點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)，但也不(bu)(bu)能低于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)而停止(zhi)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。前面說(shuo)過，在(zai)(zai)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)走(zou)勢基本還是(shi)依著(zhu)原曲線下(xia)(xia)降，一(yi)般還補足(zu)5%的(de)容量。所以(yi)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)應在(zai)(zai)的(de)范圍是(shi)低于(yu)(yu)(yu)析氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（42.5V），高于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后的(de)開路端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（約40V）。

浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，只(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)活性物(wu)質反應接近尾聲，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)自動下降到(dao)(dao)(dao)某一(yi)點(dian)時，切換浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)記號(hao)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)少(shao)人以(yi)(yi)(yi)為浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)(hui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)滿是(shi)概念不(bu)(bu)(bu)清，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)只(zhi)要高(gao)(gao)(gao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，都(dou)會(hui)(hui)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，只(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)用戶(hu)看到(dao)(dao)(dao)指示燈(deng)(deng)紅(hong)轉(zhuan)綠后(hou)(hou)提前(qian)去用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，這種情(qing)況(kuang)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)的(de)(de)，一(yi)般(ban)都(dou)是(shi)夜間(jian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)早晨綠燈(deng)(deng)已(yi)(yi)亮了(le)(le)(le)多(duo)時。有(you)的(de)(de)廠家使(shi)用說(shuo)明書上(shang)提醒用戶(hu)，在(zai)(zai)轉(zhuan)綠燈(deng)(deng)后(hou)(hou)繼續充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2小時，是(shi)很好很正確的(de)(de)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)沒有(you)必(bi)要刻(ke)意去追求浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)換點(dian)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)低，一(yi)般(ban)新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)約為50mA，失水以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)，酸(suan)比增(zeng)(zeng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，那時可(ke)達500 mA以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。從(cong)析(xi)氣(qi)速率(lv)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)關(guan)系上(shang)來看（上(shang)圖），早點(dian)脫離析(xi)氣(qi)區為好，一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面，一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)減(jian)少(shao)析(xi)氣(qi)量(liang)，另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)用了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)段時間(jian)，末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)增(zeng)(zeng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，但還能低于我們設(she)定的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)換點(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，否則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)直(zhi)在(zai)(zai)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下，大量(liang)失水，引發(fa)熱控(kong)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脹充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。有(you)人固(gu)執地強調，浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)換點(dian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)(hui)欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，前(qian)面已(yi)(yi)討論(lun)過(guo)(guo)(guo)，切換到(dao)(dao)(dao)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)后(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)停止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了(le)(le)(le)，還會(hui)(hui)繼續對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，轉(zhuan)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)適(shi)當高(gao)(gao)(gao)一(yi)點(dian)有(you)利于避免(mian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)分失水和熱失控(kong)。

至(zhi)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)設定，先看一(yi)(yi)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)池制造廠家對10Ah（12Ah）吸附式小(xiao)型密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)池對充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)技(ji)術(shu)要求，通常規定充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速率(lv)不(bu)要大(da)于0.3C，相(xiang)當于4A電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，而充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在2A左(zuo)右，遠離極限充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在一(yi)(yi)定范圍內大(da)一(yi)(yi)點、小(xiao)一(yi)(yi)點，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間長(chang)一(yi)(yi)點、短一(yi)(yi)點，沒有很高的(de)要求，有10%的(de)誤(wu)差就行了，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)取(qu)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)精度(du)是(shi)5%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)精度(du)不(bu)會高于此。

總而言之，不(bu)管哪家生產的(de)(de)(de)鉛酸閥控吸附式小密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，其(qi)基本結構是完全一(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)，僅極(ji)板、框架(jia)、滲入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)微量元素、漿料配(pei)方、硫(liu)酸濃度等有此微小差(cha)異(yi)，而在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)方面都是一(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)就是說它(ta)們單(dan)體的(de)(de)(de)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流密度（動力型）、開始析(xi)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓點等，不(bu)會有顯(xian)著的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)。一(yi)個按照前面所討論的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，可適(shi)應(ying)所有品牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，不(bu)存在匹(pi)配(pei)問題。

鉛酸蓄電池充(chong)電器認識誤區

1、最高(gao)充電電壓與充入(ru)電量關(guan)系不大(da)。

2、浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓與充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)量沒關系，只要高于電(dian)(dian)池最大(da)開路端電(dian)(dian)壓，低于開始析氣點電(dian)(dian)壓就行了。

3、浮充(chong)轉換(huan)電(dian)流，僅是切換(huan)最高充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)到浮充(chong)電(dian)壓(ya)的設定點，不(bu)宜過(guo)(guo)小(xiao)或過(guo)(guo)大，與充(chong)電(dian)量也沒關系。

4、充電電流只要不超過0.3C(對(dui)10Ah相應為(wei)4A)都(dou)是允許的，不必(bi)要嚴格要求。

所(suo)以，對(dui)于(yu)36V閥控式吸附式小密封電池組充電參(can)數推薦如下：

最高電壓(ya)：43.5V～44.8V

浮充轉(zhuan)換電流(liu)：300mA～500Ma

浮充電壓：41V～42V

充電電流：2A±20%

以上是對電動車鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)中一些認識(shi)誤區進行的試驗和分析，通過以(yi)上的試驗和分析能使廣大消費者知道(dao)鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)中應(ying)注意(yi)的一些問(wen)題(ti)，以(yi)更好(hao)地正確使用充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)。