鉛酸蓄電池的特點

當鉛酸蓄電池的容量放出70%以上時就應及(ji)時對(dui)其(qi)進(jin)行充(chong)電。并(bing)且(qie)按如下三階段(duan)(duan)進(jin)行：第一階段(duan)(duan)為恒流充(chong)電，第二階段(duan)(duan)為恒壓充(chong)電，第三：階段(duan)(duan)為滑流電。否則(ze)，會嚴重(zhong)影響莆電池(chi)的(de)使用壽命門前(qian)廣泛(fan)用于鉛(qian)酸電池(chi)充(chong)電器的(de)UC3842集成電路(lu)可直接驅(qu)動MOS開關管，在穩定(ding)輸出電(dian)壓的(de)(de)同時(shi)，具(ju)有負(fu)載電(dian)流(liu)控制能(neng)力（稱其為電(dian)流(liu)控制型開關電(dian)源(yuan)驅(qu)動器）。無疑具(ju)有獨特的(de)(de)優勢(shi)：只要用極少的(de)(de)外圍(wei)元(yuan)件(jian)即(ji)可實(shi)現恒壓輸出和(he)控制充(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。使(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器能(neng)夠按(an)照鉛酸莆電(dian)池(chi)性能(neng)要求，達到接步驟地實(shi)現智能(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。

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鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數(shu)解讀

電動車鉛酸蓄電池組充電時，有幾個關鍵參數：最高充電電壓、浮充電壓、浮充轉換電流、最大充電電流。它們應該是多少？如何制定？其中最主要的是最高充電電壓，多少為好？與析氣量、充入電容量和環境溫度又是什么關系？對此眾說不一，各電池生產(chan)廠家的要(yao)求(qiu)也不一(yi)樣。最高充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值相對誤差(cha)范(fan)圍(wei)是多少？我們不能脫離實際(ji)的工作對象，盲目(mu)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)出超常規的精度要(yao)求(qiu)。我們接到某(mou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車售后(hou)服務部通(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)：充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器比規定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池因(yin)此熱失控而充(chong)脹了(le)；也接到通(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)說：電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比規定(ding)(ding)定(ding)(ding)低0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池欠充(chong)，提(ti)前報廢。一(yi)個(ge)千分之(zhi)幾的誤差(cha)造成如此嚴重后(hou)果，真是失之(zhi)毫厘，謬之(zhi)千里之(zhi)外，鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池果真有(you)這么神秘嗎？為了(le)解開(kai)困擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)中的這個(ge)謎團，做如下實驗。

用(yong)(yong)一(yi)個(ge)水槽盛滿(man)水，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放在(zai)水中，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)上(shang)方有(you)一(yi)個(ge)收(shou)集氣(qi)體用(yong)(yong)的倒扣的漏斗，漏斗頂端(duan)裝有(you)可以計量(liang)氣(qi)體容量(liang)的注射針筒。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)可調(diao)穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，用(yong)(yong)兩只四位半(ban)數字萬用(yong)(yong)表測量(liang)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

試驗時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)是在冬季(ji)，水溫(wen)5℃。實驗條件是統一用(yong)2A電(dian)(dian)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)，最充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)分別(bie)用(yong)43V、44V、45V輪循環依次進行，浮充轉換電(dian)(dian)流(liu)一律400mA，記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)下每次的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，包(bao)括充電(dian)(dian)末期隨時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)下降各點數據、開(kai)始析(xi)氣電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，按時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)析(xi)氣量。電(dian)(dian)池充完(wan)后，用(yong)萬分之幾精度的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)量臺記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)放電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量。充入電(dian)(dian)量是在計(ji)算紙上讀出(chu)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)曲線與坐(zuo)標之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)面積（電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量就是充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)對時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)定(ding)積分）。

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備注：該電(dian)池組30℃時，放電(dian)容量(liang)為10Ah。

得到(dao)試(shi)驗(yan)數據(ju)后，最(zui)感到(dao)驚異的(de)是(shi)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)(shao)幾乎與充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無關。很多(duo)(duo)(duo)人認(ren)為充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)(hui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不滿，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)(hui)提前(qian)鹽化報廢，特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)冬季氣(qi)溫較低(di)的(de)時候。而這次試(shi)驗(yan)正好是(shi)在(zai)冬季，水溫只有5℃，試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)中心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值是(shi)44V，上下偏差1V，相(xiang)對誤(wu)差是(shi)2.3%。在(zai)用(yong)(yong)43V和45V充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)情況下，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)和放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)相(xiang)差無幾，與大家(jia)公(gong)認(ren)的(de)看(kan)(kan)法(fa)大相(xiang)徑(jing)庭，試(shi)驗(yan)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)同(tong)一(yi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條件，輪(lun)番做(zuo)同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)測試(shi)，實驗(yan)數據(ju)重復同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)規律，可排除(chu)偶然(ran)因素(su)干擾(rao)，試(shi)驗(yan)數據(ju)是(shi)準確(que)可信的(de)。從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理上看(kan)(kan)，只要充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，都會(hui)(hui)給(gei)(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，一(yi)直到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中的(de)活性(xing)物質(zhi)轉換(huan)完成(cheng)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)始由恒(heng)(heng)流區(qu)轉變(bian)到(dao)恒(heng)(heng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)，這種轉變(bian)是(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)身充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)(shao)、活性(xing)物質(zhi)反(fan)(fan)應了多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)(shao)決定(ding)的(de)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)高低(di)，僅是(shi)能(neng)進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反(fan)(fan)應的(de)條件，只要高于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)開(kai)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)給(gei)(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)(shao)物質(zhi)能(neng)參與反(fan)(fan)應由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)身決定(ding)。從(cong)這個思路理解，就(jiu)不難得出，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高低(di)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容量(liang)沒(mei)有多(duo)(duo)(duo)大影響。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在42.5V～43.5V時(shi)(shi)(shi)開始析氣(qi)(qi)，而析氣(qi)(qi)的速度與充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有關。到(dao)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，總析氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)與充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有關，43V與45V總析氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)相(xiang)差10位（注(zhu)：以單(dan)格允許極限失(shi)水10克，18格相(xiang)當240公升(sheng)氣(qi)(qi)體，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池45V時(shi)(shi)(shi)失(shi)水并(bing)不大）。 在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流下降(jiang)區(qu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，只要降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓到(dao)42.5V時(shi)(shi)(shi)，析氣(qi)(qi)立即停(ting)止，這時(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流稍小一點，還(huan)會依(yi)著原(yuan)來的規律(lv)下降(jiang)。

這里對浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)討論一下(xia)。對于(yu)長(chang)期處于(yu)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)狀態下(xia)的(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組，如后備電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)上用(yong)的(de)(de)等(deng)，對浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)要求(qiu)是嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)。據國(guo)處文獻(xian)，浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有-0.2%溫度(du)系數，浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)偏差太大會造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)鹽化。而電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)屬(shu)循環使用(yong)，不是處于(yu)這種狀態，不應(ying)該用(yong)套用(yong)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)狀態使用(yong)的(de)(de)條件，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器設定(ding)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)僅是免(mian)于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)末期大量析氣失水，只要把電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)到(dao)析氣點電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)以(yi)下(xia)，但也(ye)不能(neng)低(di)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)而停止向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。前面說過，在(zai)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)走勢基本還是依著原曲線下(xia)降(jiang)，一般還補足5%的(de)(de)容量。所以(yi)浮(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)應(ying)在(zai)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍是低(di)于(yu)析氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（42.5V），高于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后的(de)(de)開路端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（約40V）。

浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，只(zhi)不(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)選擇(ze)在充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)活性(xing)物質反應接近尾(wei)聲(sheng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)自動下降到(dao)(dao)(dao)某(mou)一(yi)點時，切換(huan)(huan)(huan)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)記號，不(bu)少人以(yi)為浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會充(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)滿(man)是(shi)概念不(bu)清，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)只(zhi)要高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，都會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，只(zhi)不(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)有用戶看到(dao)(dao)(dao)指示燈紅轉(zhuan)(zhuan)綠后提前去(qu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，這種情況是(shi)不(bu)多(duo)(duo)的(de)，一(yi)般都是(shi)夜間(jian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)早晨綠燈已亮了(le)多(duo)(duo)時。有的(de)廠家使用說明(ming)書上提醒用戶，在轉(zhuan)(zhuan)綠燈后繼續(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2小(xiao)時，是(shi)很好(hao)很正確的(de)。所以(yi)沒有必要刻(ke)意去(qu)追求浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)點的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)低，一(yi)般新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)約為50mA，失水以(yi)后，酸(suan)比增高(gao)(gao)(gao)，那時可達500 mA以(yi)上。從(cong)析氣(qi)(qi)速(su)率與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)關系上來看（上圖），早點脫離(li)析氣(qi)(qi)區為好(hao)，一(yi)方面(mian)，一(yi)方面(mian)可以(yi)減(jian)少析氣(qi)(qi)量，另一(yi)方面(mian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)用了(le)一(yi)段時間(jian)，末期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增高(gao)(gao)(gao)，但還能低于(yu)我(wo)們設定的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，否則(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)直(zhi)在最高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下，大量失水，引發熱控，充(chong)(chong)(chong)脹充(chong)(chong)(chong)壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。有人固執地強(qiang)調(diao)，浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)點高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)，前面(mian)已討論過(guo)(guo)(guo)，切換(huan)(huan)(huan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)后，不(bu)是(shi)停(ting)止充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了(le)，還會繼續(xu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)適當高(gao)(gao)(gao)一(yi)點有利于(yu)避免過(guo)(guo)(guo)分失水和熱失控。

至于充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)大小設定(ding)，先看(kan)一(yi)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)制造廠家對10Ah（12Ah）吸附式小型(xing)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)技術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)，通常規定(ding)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率不要(yao)大于0.3C，相當于4A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，而(er)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在(zai)2A左右，遠(yuan)離極(ji)限充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)范圍內大一(yi)點、小一(yi)點，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間長一(yi)點、短一(yi)點，沒有(you)(you)很高的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，有(you)(you)10%的(de)(de)誤差就行(xing)了，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)取(qu)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻精(jing)度(du)是5%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)不會高于此。

總而言之，不(bu)管哪(na)家生(sheng)產(chan)的鉛酸(suan)閥控吸附式小密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，其基本結構是完(wan)全一(yi)樣的，僅(jin)極板(ban)、框架、滲入(ru)的微量元(yuan)素、漿料配方、硫(liu)酸(suan)濃(nong)度等有此微小差(cha)異(yi)，而在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學方面都是一(yi)樣的，也(ye)就是說它們(men)單(dan)體的端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流密度（動力型）、開始(shi)析(xi)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)點等，不(bu)會有顯(xian)著的差(cha)異(yi)。一(yi)個按照前面所(suo)討(tao)論的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，可適應(ying)所(suo)有品牌(pai)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，不(bu)存在(zai)匹(pi)配問題(ti)。

鉛酸蓄電池(chi)充電器認識誤區(qu)

1、最高充電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)與充入電(dian)量關系不大。

2、浮充(chong)電(dian)壓與充(chong)入電(dian)量(liang)沒關(guan)系，只(zhi)要(yao)高于電(dian)池最(zui)大開路(lu)端(duan)電(dian)壓，低于開始析氣點電(dian)壓就行了。

3、浮充轉(zhuan)換(huan)電流，僅是切換(huan)最高(gao)充電電壓到浮充電壓的(de)設定點，不宜過小(xiao)或過大，與(yu)充電量也(ye)沒關系。

4、充電(dian)電(dian)流只要不超(chao)過(guo)0.3C(對10Ah相(xiang)應為(wei)4A)都是允許的，不必要嚴格要求。

所以(yi)，對于(yu)36V閥(fa)控式(shi)(shi)吸附式(shi)(shi)小密(mi)封(feng)電(dian)池組充電(dian)參數推薦(jian)如下：

最高電壓：43.5V～44.8V

浮充(chong)轉(zhuan)換(huan)電流：300mA～500Ma

浮充(chong)電壓：41V～42V

充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流：2A±20%

以上是對電動車鉛(qian)(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)中一些(xie)認(ren)識誤(wu)區進行的試(shi)驗(yan)和分析，通過以上的試(shi)驗(yan)和分析能使(shi)廣(guang)大消費者知道(dao)鉛(qian)(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)中應(ying)注意(yi)的一些(xie)問題，以更(geng)好地正(zheng)確使(shi)用充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器。