【鉛酸蓄電池充電器】鉛酸蓄電池充電器電路圖 鉛酸蓄電池充電器原理

因為密封鉛酸蓄電池的諸多優點，因此獲得了廣泛應用。然而密封鉛酸蓄電池的充電技術似乎不被看重，因充電方式不合理而造成電池過早報廢的情況普遍存在。

鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)路圖

充電原理分析：

1.維護充電：

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較低(di)時(shi)（可設(she)定，本電(dian)(dian)(dian)路預設(she)在9V以(yi)下(xia)），充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器工作在小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)維護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下(xia)，工作原(yuan)理為(wei)U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端）電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)低(di)于⑧腳（反相(xiang)端），U1C輸出低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)，T4截止。U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)約0.18V。此時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)約250mA（恒流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路由R14，U1D，T1B周邊外圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)路構成，恒流(liu)原(yuan)理讀(du)者請自行分析）。

2.快速充電：

隨著維護充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)繼(ji)續(xu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐漸升高，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超過9V時，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)轉(zhuan)入大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流快充模式下，U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位高于(yu)⑧腳（反相(xiang)端），U1C輸出高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，T4導通，U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位約為0.48V，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)恒定輸出約1A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

3.限壓浮充：

當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池接近充(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自動(dong)轉(zhuan)入限(xian)壓(ya)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)狀態下(xia)(限(xian)壓(ya)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)設定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)13.8V，如(ru)為(wei)(wei)(wei)6V蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，則浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應(ying)設定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)6.9V)，此時的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流會(hui)由快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下(xia)逐漸(jian)下(xia)降(jiang)，至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流僅(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)10～30mA，用以補(bu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池因自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)損失的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)。

4.保護及充電指示電路：

本(ben)電(dian)路設有反極性保護電(dian)路，由D4，U1C，U1D，T1及外圍(wei)元(yuan)件構(gou)成，當電(dian)池(chi)反接時，充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)限制輸出(chu)電(dian)流(liu)不致發生事故。充(chong)電(dian)指示由U1A，D7及外圍(wei)元(yuan)件構(gou)成，充(chong)電(dian)時，D7點亮，充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)進(jin)入浮充(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)后，D7熄滅，表示充(chong)電(dian)結束(shu)。

5.本電(dian)路略為修改(gai)電(dian)路參數(shu)即可(ke)任意調整(zheng)充電(dian)電(dian)流，浮充電(dian)壓以滿(man)足不(bu)同規格電(dian)池的(de)需要。

6.物料清單如下

注：CF=碳膜電阻；MF=金屬膜電阻；M.O.F=金屬氧化膜電阻

*表示可根據需要調整的元件。

7.實(shi)測充電器的充電曲(qu)線如下(xia)圖。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數解讀>>