【鉛酸蓄電池充電器】鉛酸蓄電池充電器電路圖 鉛酸蓄電池充電器原理

因為密封鉛酸蓄電池的諸多優點，因此獲得了廣泛應用。然而密封鉛酸蓄電池的充電技術似乎不被看重，因充電方式不合理而造成電池過早報廢的情(qing)況普遍(bian)存在。

鉛酸蓄電(dian)池充電(dian)器電(dian)路圖

充電原理分析：

1.維護充電：

當電池電壓較低時（可設定，本電路(lu)預設在9V以下(xia)），充(chong)電器(qi)工作在小(xiao)電流(liu)維護充(chong)電狀(zhuang)態下(xia)，工作原理(li)為U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端(duan)(duan)）電位(wei)低于(yu)⑧腳（反相(xiang)端(duan)(duan)），U1C輸出低電位(wei)，T4截止。U1D 11腳電位(wei)約0.18V。此時充(chong)電電流(liu)約250mA（恒流(liu)電路(lu)由R14，U1D，T1B周邊(bian)外圍電路(lu)構成，恒流(liu)原理(li)讀者請(qing)自行分(fen)析）。

2.快速充電：

隨著維護充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)繼續，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐漸升高(gao)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超過(guo)9V時，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)轉入大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流快充模式下，U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)(xiang)端）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位高(gao)于⑧腳（反(fan)相(xiang)(xiang)端），U1C輸(shu)出高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，T4導(dao)通，U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位約為0.48V，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)恒定輸(shu)出約1A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

3.限壓浮充：

當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)接近充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器自動轉入限壓(ya)浮充(chong)狀態下(xia)(限壓(ya)浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)設(she)定為13.8V，如為6V蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，則浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應設(she)定為6.9V)，此時的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)會由(you)快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態下(xia)逐漸(jian)下(xia)降(jiang)，至(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)完全(quan)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)后，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)僅為10～30mA，用以補(bu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)因(yin)自放電(dian)(dian)而損(sun)失的電(dian)(dian)量(liang)。

4.保護及充電指示電路：

本電(dian)(dian)(dian)路設有(you)反極性保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，由D4，U1C，U1D，T1及(ji)外(wai)圍(wei)元件構成，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池反接時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器限制(zhi)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不致(zhi)發(fa)生(sheng)事故。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)指示(shi)由U1A，D7及(ji)外(wai)圍(wei)元件構成，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，D7點亮，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器進入浮充(chong)(chong)狀態(tai)后，D7熄滅，表(biao)示(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)束。

5.本電(dian)路略為修改(gai)電(dian)路參數即可(ke)任(ren)意(yi)調(diao)整充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)，浮充電(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)滿足不同規格電(dian)池的需要。

6.物料清單如下

注：CF=碳膜電阻；MF=金屬膜電阻；M.O.F=金屬氧化膜電阻

*表示(shi)可根據需要調整的元件(jian)。

7.實測充電器的充電曲線如下圖。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數解讀>>