蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(Storage Battery)是將化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)(neng)直接轉化(hua)成電(dian)能(neng)(neng)的一種(zhong)裝置，是按可再充(chong)電(dian)設(she)計的電(dian)池(chi)，通過可逆的化(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)實現再充(chong)電(dian)，通常是指鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)，它是電(dian)池(chi)中的一種(zhong)，屬于(yu)二次(ci)電(dian)池(chi)。它的工作(zuo)原理：充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)利(li)用外部的電(dian)能(neng)(neng)使內部活(huo)性物質(zhi)再生(sheng)，把電(dian)能(neng)(neng)儲存為化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)(neng)，需要放電(dian)時(shi)再次(ci)把化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)(neng)轉換為電(dian)能(neng)(neng)輸出，比(bi)如(ru)生(sheng)活(huo)中常用的手機電(dian)池(chi)等。

方程式如下：

總(zong)反應：b(s)+PbO2(s)+2H2SO4(aq)可(ke)逆符號2PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)

放(fang)電時：負Pb(s)-2e-+SO42-(aq)=PbSO4(s)

正PbO2(s)+2e-+SO42-(aq)+4H+(aq)=PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)

總Pb(s)+PbO2(s)+2H2SO4(aq)=2PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)

充電電解池

陰極PbSO4(s)+2e-=Pb(s)+SO42-(aq)

陽(yang)極PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)-2e-=Pbo2(s)+SO42-(aq)+4H+(a

注（充(chong)電時(shi)陰極為放電時(shi)負(fu)極）

詳細>>

鉛酸蓄(xu)電池

常(chang)用的(de)車用蓄(xu)電池主要分(fen)為三(san)類：普通蓄(xu)電池、干荷蓄(xu)電池和(he)免維護(hu)蓄(xu)電池。

普通蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)：普通蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)極板是(shi)由鉛(qian)和(he)鉛(qian)的(de)氧化物構成，電(dian)(dian)

解(jie)液是硫酸(suan)的(de)水溶液。它的(de)主要優點是電壓穩定、價格便宜；缺點是比(bi)能低(即(ji)每公斤蓄電池存(cun)儲的(de)電能)、使(shi)用壽命短和(he)日常(chang)維護頻繁(fan)。

干(gan)荷(he)蓄電(dian)(dian)池：它的(de)全(quan)稱是干(gan)式荷(he)電(dian)(dian)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池，它的(de)主要特點是負極板有較高(gao)的(de)儲(chu)電(dian)(dian)能力(li)，在完全(quan)干(gan)燥狀(zhuang)態下，能在兩年內保存所得(de)到的(de)電(dian)(dian)量，使(shi)用時，只需加(jia)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)，等過20—30分鐘就可(ke)使(shi)用。

免維(wei)護蓄(xu)電池(chi)：免維(wei)護蓄(xu)電池(chi)由于自(zi)身(shen)結構上的優(you)勢，電解液(ye)(ye)的消(xiao)耗量非常小(xiao)，在使(shi)用(yong)壽命內基本(ben)不需要補(bu)充蒸(zheng)餾水。它還(huan)具有(you)耐震、耐高溫、體積小(xiao)、自(zi)放電小(xiao)的特點。使(shi)用(yong)壽命一般(ban)為普通蓄(xu)電池(chi)的兩(liang)倍(bei)。市場上的免維(wei)護蓄(xu)電池(chi)也(ye)有(you)兩(liang)種：第一種在購買時一次性加(jia)電解液(ye)(ye)以(yi)后使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)不需要維(wei)護(添加(jia)補(bu)充液(ye)(ye))；另一種是電池(chi)本(ben)身(shen)出(chu)廠(chang)時就(jiu)已(yi)經(jing)加(jia)好電解液(ye)(ye)并封死(si)，用(yong)戶根(gen)本(ben)就(jiu)不能加(jia)補(bu)充液(ye)(ye)。

UPS蓄電池

UPS 稱(cheng)為不(bu)(bu)間斷電(dian)(dian)源，是(shi)因為停電(dian)(dian)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)，它能(neng)快速轉換到"逆變(bian)"狀(zhuang)態，從而不(bu)(bu)會讓在使(shi)用中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)腦因為突然停電(dian)(dian)未(wei)來得(de)及存儲(chu)而失去重要文件(jian)。 不(bu)(bu)是(shi)用來當備用電(dian)(dian)源用的(de)，如(ru)果你只是(shi)想在停電(dian)(dian)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)可以用電(dian)(dian)，光買逆變(bian)器(qi)就夠了。 一般家用UPS里(li)用的(de)大多是(shi)，免維護型鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

詳細>>

蓄電池壽命(ming)多久

老式(shi)普(pu)通蓄電池一(yi)般壽命在2年左(zuo)右，而且需定期檢查電解液的高度(du)并添加(jia)蒸餾水。免維護(hu)蓄電池的壽命則(ze)為(wei)3年左(zuo)右。

影(ying)響蓄(xu)電池內阻的因素

1、蓄(xu)電池使(shi)用的時間(jian)：隨著使(shi)用時間(jian)的增加，使(shi)電解(jie)液失(shi)水、極(ji)板(ban)(ban)與連(lian)接條(tiao)的腐蝕、極(ji)板(ban)(ban)的硫酸化、極(ji)板(ban)(ban)變(bian)形(xing)及(ji)活性(xing)物(wu)質的脫落等因素，造成蓄(xu)電池容量(liang)減小，蓄(xu)電池內(nei)阻變(bian)大。

2、蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)荷(he)量：由(you)于(yu)注入蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)解(jie)液(ye)深度(du)、電(dian)極(ji)表面反應物質的(de)(de)厚度(du)、電(dian)極(ji)表面的(de)(de)孔隙率等不(bu)同(tong)，而使蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)內阻相差(cha)較(jiao)大(da)，從而電(dian)荷(he)量也相差(cha)較(jiao)大(da)。

3、溫(wen)度：環境溫(wen)度的變(bian)化，例(li)如上升，這(zhe)時(shi)反應物(wu)質的擴(kuo)散加(jia)快、電荷傳遞、電極動(dong)力(li)學過程和物(wu)質轉移更容易進(jin)行(xing)，因而蓄電池(chi)內(nei)阻(zu)減小。反之，就會增加(jia)。

4、蓄電(dian)池(chi)的型(xing)號：不同(tong)(tong)生產廠、不同(tong)(tong)種類(lei)、不同(tong)(tong)型(xing)號的蓄電(dian)池(chi)，由(you)于電(dian)極、電(dian)解液、隔膜的材料配方不同(tong)(tong)，電(dian)池(chi)的結構不同(tong)(tong)、裝配工藝不同(tong)(tong)而使(shi)蓄電(dian)池(chi)內阻(zu)產生差異。

詳細>>

1、選擇品牌的蓄電池

購買(mai)汽車蓄電池時，盡量買(mai)品牌(pai)的，質量有保證(zheng)。但(dan)是(shi)要注意(yi)，品牌(pai)的也(ye)有假冒(mao)的，要去正規的汽配中心購買(mai)才行。

2、小心(xin)翻新(xin)的

有的蓄電(dian)池看(kan)起來很新(xin)，很可能是(shi)(shi)翻新(xin)的，這(zhe)就(jiu)要看(kan)蓄電(dian)池的做工是(shi)(shi)否(fou)精(jing)細、外(wai)包(bao)裝(zhuang)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)嚴密(mi)等(deng)。

3、要有保質(zhi)期

購買了汽車(che)新(xin)蓄(xu)電(dian)池，要有一(yi)定(ding)的保質期才行(xing)，這樣的蓄(xu)電(dian)池才能用(yong)住。不要使用(yong)一(yi)段時間后就虧(kui)電(dian)無法使用(yong)了。

4、注意蓄電(dian)池接(jie)口(kou)是否嶄新

蓄電池(chi)(chi)購買后，要仔細查(cha)看接口，是否嶄新(xin)，有沒有用過(guo)的痕跡，有的新(xin)蓄電池(chi)(chi)被用了(le)一段時(shi)間了(le)，不宜購買。

5、蓄(xu)電池要(yao)注意用電保護(hu)

購買的新蓄電池，也要注意(yi)用電保護，不能(neng)熄(xi)火后還開(kai)著大燈(deng)，非常(chang)耗電的。平常(chang)盡量少開(kai)收(shou)音機、燈(deng)光。

6、選擇適(shi)用的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)類(lei)型和規格尺寸(cun)

蓄蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池過大過著過小(xiao)都(dou)對使用有隱患(huan)，因此要(yao)選擇適合(he)自(zi)己汽(qi)車的蓄蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，并根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)的大小(xiao)和特點，購買適合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

詳細>>

1、恒定電流充電法

在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)始終保(bao)持(chi)不(bu)變，叫做恒定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)，簡稱恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)或等流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)。在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)由于蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐(zhu)漸(jian)升(sheng)高，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)逐(zhu)漸(jian)下(xia)降，為保(bao)持(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)致因蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升(sheng)高而減小，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)(cheng)必(bi)須逐(zhu)漸(jian)升(sheng)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，以(yi)維持(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)始終不(bu)變，這對于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的(de)自動化程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)要求較高，一般(ban)簡陋的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備是不(bu)能滿足恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要求的(de)。恒流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)，在蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)最大答應的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)情(qing)況下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)越(yue)大，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)就可(ke)以(yi)縮短。若從時間(jian)上考慮，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)此(ci)法(fa)有利的(de)。但在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期若充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)仍(reng)不(bu)變，這時由于大部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解水上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液出氣泡過多(duo)而顯沸騰(teng)狀(zhuang)，這不(bu)僅消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，而且輕易使極板(ban)上活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質大量脫落，溫升(sheng)過高，造成極板(ban)彎曲，容量迅(xun)速下(xia)降而提(ti)前報廢。所以(yi)，這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法(fa)很少采(cai)用(yong)(yong)。

2、恒(heng)定電(dian)壓充電(dian)法

在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓始終(zhong)保持不(bu)(bu)變，叫做(zuo)恒(heng)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)，簡稱恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)或(huo)等壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)。由于(yu)恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)始至(zhi)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓始終(zhong)保持一(yi)定，所(suo)以(yi)在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)始時(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)相當(dang)大(da)(da)，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)超過正常充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值。但隨著充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)進行(xing)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐漸升高，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐漸減(jian)小(xiao)。當(dang)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓相等時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)減(jian)至(zhi)最小(xiao)甚至(zhi)為零。由此可見，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)的(de)優(you)點在于(yu)，可以(yi)避免充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過大(da)(da)而造成(cheng)極板活性(xing)物質脫落和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)損失。但其缺點是，在剛(gang)開(kai)始充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極活性(xing)物質體(ti)(ti)積變化(hua)收縮太(tai)快，影響(xiang)活性(xing)物質的(de)機械(xie)強度，致使(shi)其脫落。而在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)又(you)過小(xiao)，使(shi)極板深處的(de)活性(xing)物質得(de)不(bu)(bu)到充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)反應，形成(cheng)長期(qi)(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)(bu)足，影響(xiang)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命。所(suo)以(yi)這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法(fa)(fa)一(yi)般只適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)無配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備或(huo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備較簡陋的(de)特殊場合，如汽車上蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，1號至(zhi)5號干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)式的(de)小(xiao)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)均(jun)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)等壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)等壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)給蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，所(suo)需(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓：酸性(xing)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)每(mei)個單體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)為2.4～2.8V左(zuo)右(you)，堿性(xing)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)每(mei)個單體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)為1.6～2.0V左(zuo)右(you)。

3、有固定電(dian)阻的恒(heng)定電(dian)壓充電(dian)

為(wei)補救恒定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)缺點而采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)方法。即在(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)之(zhi)間串聯一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，這樣充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初期的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)可以(yi)調整(zheng)。但有時最大充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)受到限(xian)制，因此(ci)隨充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程的(de)(de)進行，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)逐漸(jian)上升，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)卻(que)幾乎成為(wei)直(zhi)線(xian)衰減(jian)。有時使(shi)用(yong)兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值，約在(zai)2.4V時，從低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻轉換到高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，以(yi)減(jian)少出(chu)氣。

4、階段等流充電法

綜合恒(heng)流(liu)和恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)法的(de)特(te)點，蓄電(dian)池在充(chong)電(dian)初期(qi)用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)大的(de)電(dian)流(liu)，經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)段(duan)時間改用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)小的(de)電(dian)流(liu)，至充(chong)電(dian)后期(qi)改用(yong)(yong)更小的(de)電(dian)流(liu)，即(ji)不同(tong)階(jie)(jie)(jie)段(duan)內以不同(tong)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)進行(xing)恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)方法，叫做階(jie)(jie)(jie)段(duan)恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)法。階(jie)(jie)(jie)段(duan)恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)法，一(yi)般可(ke)分(fen)為兩個階(jie)(jie)(jie)段(duan)進行(xing)，也可(ke)分(fen)為多(duo)個階(jie)(jie)(jie)段(duan)進行(xing)。

階(jie)段(duan)等流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)所需充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)短(duan)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效果(guo)也好。由于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期改用(yong)較小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣減(jian)少了氣(qi)泡對極板活性物(wu)質(zhi)的沖洗，減(jian)少了活性物(wu)質(zhi)的脫落。這(zhe)(zhe)種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)能(neng)(neng)延長蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)壽命，并(bing)節省電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)徹(che)底(di)，所以是當前常用(yong)的一種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方法(fa)。一般蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)第一階(jie)段(duan)以10h率電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，第二(er)階(jie)段(duan)以20h率電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。各階(jie)段(duan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)的是非，各種蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的具(ju)體要求和標準(zhun)不一樣。

詳(xiang)細>>

1、蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)長(chang)久不用(yong)，它會慢慢自行放電(dian)(dian)，直至報(bao)廢。因(yin)此，每隔一(yi)(yi)定(ding)時(shi)間就應(ying)啟動(dong)一(yi)(yi)次汽車(che)，給蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)。另一(yi)(yi)個辦(ban)法就是將蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)上(shang)的兩個電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)拔(ba)下來(lai)，需注意(yi)的是從(cong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)柱上(shang)拔(ba)下正、負兩根電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)線，要先(xian)拔(ba)下負極(ji)(ji)(ji)線，或卸下負極(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)汽車(che)底盤的連接(jie)。然(ran)后再(zai)拔(ba)去(qu)帶有正極(ji)(ji)(ji)標(biao)志（+）的另一(yi)(yi)端，蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)有一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的使用(yong)壽命(ming)，到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的時(shi)期就要更(geng)換(huan)。在更(geng)換(huan)時(shi)同樣要遵循上(shang)述(shu)次序(xu)，不過在把(ba)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)線接(jie)上(shang)去(qu)時(shi)，次序(xu)則恰恰相反，先(xian)接(jie)正極(ji)(ji)(ji)，然(ran)后再(zai)接(jie)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)。

2、當電(dian)流表(biao)(biao)指針顯示蓄(xu)電(dian)量不(bu)足時，要及時充(chong)電(dian)。蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的蓄(xu)電(dian)量可(ke)以在儀表(biao)(biao)板(ban)上反映(ying)出來。有時在路途中發現(xian)電(dian)量不(bu)夠了(le)(le)，發動機又熄火啟動不(bu)了(le)(le)，作為臨時措施，可(ke)以向其(qi)他的車輛求助，用它(ta)們(men)車輛上的蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)來發動車輛，將兩個蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的負(fu)極和(he)負(fu)極相連，正極和(he)正極相連。

3、電解液的(de)密度應按照(zhao)不同的(de)地區、不同的(de)季節按照(zhao)標準進(jin)行相應的(de)調整。

4、在虧(kui)電解液(ye)時應(ying)補(bu)充蒸餾水或(huo)專用(yong)補(bu)液(ye)。切忌用(yong)飲用(yong)純凈水代(dai)替。因為純凈水中含有多種微量元素，對蓄電池會造(zao)成不良影(ying)響。

5、在啟動(dong)汽車時(shi)，不間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)斷(duan)地使用啟動(dong)機會導致蓄(xu)電池因(yin)過度放電而(er)損壞。正確的使用辦法(fa)是每次(ci)發動(dong)車的時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總長不超過5秒(miao)，再(zai)次(ci)啟動(dong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不少于15秒(miao)。在多次(ci)啟動(dong)仍(reng)不著(zhu)車的情況下應從電路(lu)、點(dian)火線圈或油路(lu)等(deng)其他方(fang)面找(zhao)原因(yin)。

詳細>>

1、脈沖修復法

蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)消除(chu)硫化比較好的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)就是采用脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)修復(fu)法(fa)。在修復(fu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)時，脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)的(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)一般根據產品所體現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)功能需要，采取的(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)60V—300V之間(jian)(jian)(jian)，如(ru)用于(yu)(yu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)延壽的(de)(de)(de)產品脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)就不益過大(da)，專門由于(yu)(yu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)修復(fu)產品的(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)就可以偏大(da)（如(ru)果脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)太(tai)大(da)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)極(ji)板會造成損傷），脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)修復(fu)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)短，脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)修復(fu)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)相對就長，盡(jin)管脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)瞬間(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)很高(gao)，但平(ping)均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)并不高(gao)，對人體沒(mei)有傷害，十分安全。

市場上有專(zhuan)門的(de)(de)脈(mo)沖(chong)發生(sheng)器銷售，但要注(zhu)意選擇效果(guo)好的(de)(de)一(yi)種。脈(mo)沖(chong)與蓄電池極板的(de)(de)諧振(zhen)很重要，這就(jiu)取決與脈(mo)沖(chong)頻率大(da)(da)小(xiao)、幅(fu)度(du)寬窄(zhai)，脈(mo)沖(chong)頻率和(he)幅(fu)度(du)不夠就(jiu)達不到消除(chu)(chu)硫酸結晶的(de)(de)效果(guo)，頻率和(he)幅(fu)度(du)太大(da)(da)則會出現(xian)消除(chu)(chu)了硫化而損(sun)傷了電極板，并出現(xian)析氣現(xian)象；同時，脈(mo)沖(chong)波(bo)形(xing)也有很多(duo)種，在(zai)示波(bo)器上可以(yi)顯(xian)示。

2、強(qiang)電修(xiu)復法

強電(dian)(dian)(dian)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)法就是(shi)采(cai)取充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)持久高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或(huo)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)方(fang)法，多在脈沖修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)法效果不明顯(xian)時采(cai)用(yong)。其一、高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)法：這種方(fang)法主要(yao)是(shi)采(cai)取電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)1.3-1.5倍的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，如(ru)36V蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不變或(huo)接近的(de)條件(jian)下，采(cai)用(yong)48V的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間要(yao)掌(zhang)握分寸，不易過長，否則電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會因析氣發(fa)熱。

3、全(quan)充全(quan)放電修復法

全(quan)充全(quan)放電(dian)(dian)修復法(fa)就是對(dui)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)采取完(wan)全(quan)充滿電(dian)(dian)后(hou)，再完(wan)全(quan)的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)修復蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)方法(fa)。全(quan)充全(quan)放電(dian)(dian)修復法(fa)主要(yao)是對(dui)輕度(du)損傷(shang)的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)修復作用，同時此方法(fa)還可以有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)激活電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)深層的(de)(de)活性物質，提(ti)高蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量。

4、補水修復法

對蓄電池“失水(shui)(shui)”采(cai)取補水(shui)(shui)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法便可修復，其目的(de)是(shi)稀釋濃度提(ti)高的(de)硫酸正(zheng)常進行電解反應(ying)。補水(shui)(shui)方(fang)(fang)法上(shang)較為簡單，只用打開蓄電池上(shang)蓋，可以(yi)看見有六個圓孔，向每個圓孔注射一(yi)定量的(de)蒸餾水(shui)(shui)，再浸泡24小時(shi)以(yi)上(shang)就可以(yi)了。

詳(xiang)細>>