一、什么是雞尾酒式唱法

雞尾酒唱法(fa)，指的(de)(de)是(shi)真假音重(zhong)疊的(de)(de)混聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)唱法(fa)，是(shi)華(hua)語樂壇歌手林志炫(xuan)發明的(de)(de)流(liu)行唱法(fa)。林志炫(xuan)是(shi)華(hua)語音樂公認的(de)(de)超(chao)一流(liu)實力唱將，他的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音高亢優美，被譽為“天籟男聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”。流(liu)暢的(de)(de)真假音轉換讓(rang)人嘖(ze)嘖(ze)稱(cheng)奇，林志炫(xuan)將其(qi)稱(cheng)為“雞尾(wei)酒唱法(fa)”。

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二、唱法特點

雞尾酒(jiu)唱(chang)(chang)法(fa)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)特點，就(jiu)是將真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)種(zhong)唱(chang)(chang)法(fa)混合(he)著(zhu)靈活運(yun)用，從(cong)而獲(huo)得(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)通暢，圓(yuan)潤甜(tian)美，美妙動(dong)聽的(de)(de)(de)歌唱(chang)(chang)效果。這種(zhong)唱(chang)(chang)法(fa)可以(yi)獲(huo)得(de)有(you)氣息支持的(de)(de)(de)，聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區轉換(huan)自然統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)，音(yin)域寬(kuan)廣的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)，從(cong)而使(shi)得(de)音(yin)色明亮(liang)和(he)(he)立體(ti)(ti)，歌聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)富有(you)穿透力。而獲(huo)得(de)混聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵和(he)(he)難點在(zai)于，歌者不僅要(yao)正確地(di)控制氣息，巧妙地(di)調(diao)節(jie)好各個(ge)共(gong)鳴(ming)腔體(ti)(ti)，使(shi)得(de)真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)混聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)和(he)(he)諧統一(yi)，還必須兼顧好唱(chang)(chang)腔和(he)(he)咬字，同(tong)時(shi)把握好多個(ge)維度(du)，立體(ti)(ti)地(di)表達歌曲的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)感，才能使(shi)歌聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)富有(you)彈(dan)性(xing)和(he)(he)層次，引起聽眾與歌者聽覺和(he)(he)情(qing)(qing)感上的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)鳴(ming)。

三、原理解析

林(lin)志炫在歌唱的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)音(yin)部分，只(zhi)用(yong)真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)來(lai)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，都可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)會(hui)出(chu)現不(bu)(bu)盡完美的(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)。除(chu)了極(ji)少數(shu)(shu)天生真(zhen)音(yin)很高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)人，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)很自然地在高(gao)(gao)(gao)音(yin)區用(yong)真(zhen)音(yin)進行(xing)表達，對于(yu)大部分人而言，如果始終只(zhi)用(yong)真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)僅音(yin)高(gao)(gao)(gao)難(nan)達到、音(yin)色(se)不(bu)(bu)夠悅耳(er)，而且由于(yu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)一直處(chu)(chu)于(yu)拉緊的(de)狀態唱高(gao)(gao)(gao)音(yin)，很容(rong)易造成脫離氣(qi)息的(de)喊叫，帶(dai)(dai)給聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)較(jiao)重的(de)負擔。另一方面(mian)，如果只(zhi)用(yong)假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，由于(yu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)閉合，用(yong)不(bu)(bu)上(shang)(shang)力，所(suo)以(yi)多數(shu)(shu)人很難(nan)兼顧音(yin)色(se)和咬字，而且久(jiu)而久(jiu)之，聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)功能(neng)(neng)還會(hui)減(jian)弱而失去(qu)彈力。再加上(shang)(shang)氣(qi)息控制能(neng)(neng)力差，得不(bu)(bu)到呼(hu)吸的(de)支持，所(suo)以(yi)絕(jue)大部分人的(de)假(jia)音(yin)不(bu)(bu)僅音(yin)色(se)暗淡、力度單薄。

一種科學的處理方(fang)法是，將真(zhen)假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)混合著應用(yong)，即混聲(sheng)(sheng)唱法。假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)要以(yi)真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)基礎，真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)要以(yi)假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)基礎，高(gao)音(yin)掛(gua)上胸腔(qiang)(qiang)，低音(yin)掛(gua)上頭腔(qiang)(qiang);高(gao)音(yin)有濃厚的真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)色彩，低音(yin)有假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)成分。

聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)樂學的一(yi)種看(kan)法(fa)認為，混聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)唱法(fa)就是頭(tou)腔(qiang)(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)和胸(xiong)腔(qiang)(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)混合(he)運(yun)用的唱法(fa)，是對聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)發(fa)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)機能狀態按規律的具體(ti)實踐。真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的共(gong)鳴(ming)，主要是來自鼻腔(qiang)(qiang)，再(zai)高(gao)一(yi)點就到頭(tou)腔(qiang)(qiang)，氣息出來，除了(le)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)震顫之外還要產生(sheng)鼻腔(qiang)(qiang)和頭(tou)腔(qiang)(qiang)的共(gong)鳴(ming)。假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的共(gong)鳴(ming)是靠收縮聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)(dai)，使其局部(bu)(bu)振動(dong)，所以頻率很高(gao)。這種假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，就是人們平(ping)時(shi)說的“小嗓子”，大部(bu)(bu)分人都會。從(cong)理論上來說，任何一(yi)個音(yin)都可(ke)以處理成混聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)效果，譬如發(fa)低音(yin)時(shi)避免全用真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(胸(xiong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區)，發(fa)高(gao)音(yin)時(shi)避免全用假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(頭(tou)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區)。這樣兩個聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區比例恰當(dang)，靈活應用，就能把(ba)真假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比例調整到一(yi)種平(ping)衡的狀態之下(xia)，做到頭(tou)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區里(li)(li)有(you)胸(xiong)腔(qiang)(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)，胸(xiong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區里(li)(li)有(you)頭(tou)腔(qiang)(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)，從(cong)而發(fa)揮(hui)兩個共(gong)鳴(ming)腔(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)混合(he)共(gong)鳴(ming)的優點。

假(jia)如(ru)在混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)的時候不僅做到比例恰當，還能(neng)夠(gou)將真聲(sheng)(sheng)、假(jia)聲(sheng)(sheng)、混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)三種唱法自然地(di)進(jin)行(xing)過渡，實現無縫轉換，聲(sheng)(sheng)音就會更加統一，獲得更加流暢(chang)均勻，明亮甜美的聲(sheng)(sheng)音。雞尾酒唱法就是(shi)混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)唱法的這種進(jin)階版。