【數控機床(chuang)操(cao)(cao)作】數控機床(chuang)操(cao)(cao)作方法是(shi)什么 數控機床(chuang)操(cao)(cao)作注意事項

數控機床操作方法是什么

完整的數控車床加工主要(yao)由以下(xia)九個部分組成：

開機(ji)(ji)→加(jia)工前檢查(cha)→裝夾(jia)工件(jian)(jian)→輸入→程序開始加(jia)工→加(jia)工完畢→檢查(cha)工件(jian)(jian)→卸(xie)載工件(jian)(jian)→清掃機(ji)(ji)床→關(guan)機(ji)(ji)。開機(ji)(ji)前應首先確認機(ji)(ji)床處(chu)于(yu)正常狀態(tai)；檢查(cha)有無潤滑(hua)油以及是否(fou)有其它異常情況。

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1.將電源總(zong)開(kai)關扳(ban)到ON；

2.按(an)下主(zhu)操(cao)作盤上的(de)NC系統電源ON開關(guan)；

3.系統啟動后，解除急停，按(an)一(yi)下復位(wei)鍵（RESET），之后把模式選(xuan)擇(ze)開關(guan)調到原(yuan)點復歸(gui)(gui)位(wei)置再(zai)按(an)一(yi)下三軸原(yuan)點復歸(gui)(gui)鍵（A.REP）待XYZ三軸都(dou)歸(gui)(gui)零后開機(ji)(ji)完成(cheng)。加工前檢查(cha)：機(ji)(ji)器接(jie)通(tong)電源后需認真檢查(cha)有無各(ge)種異(yi)常情況：

1.確(que)認沒(mei)有報警顯(xian)示(shi)；

2.確(que)認氣壓(ya)系統(tong)壓(ya)力正常；

3.確認集(ji)中潤(run)滑系(xi)統及所有其(qi)它系(xi)統運行(xing)正常。

數控機床操作注意事項

1、裝夾工件

確認數控車床無任何異常情況(kuang)之后(hou)(hou)(hou)認(ren)真清掃(sao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)臺裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)部分準備裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)前應跟據(ju)所(suo)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang)及加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法確認(ren)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)方(fang)式(shi)；以(yi)(yi)及根據(ju)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙確認(ren)所(suo)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際尺寸。上(shang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou)應首先用(yong)(yong)(yong)銼刀(dao)或其它(ta)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)去(qu)除工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)毛刺；再(zai)(zai)找(zhao)到正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)表位把(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)較(jiao)平；較(jiao)好表后(hou)(hou)(hou)應根據(ju)實際情況(kuang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)分中(zhong)(zhong)棒(bang)(bang)，刀(dao)具(ju)或者較(jiao)表找(zhao)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)；再(zai)(zai)把(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)抄(chao)到機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)上(shang)。（分中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)把(ba)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)抄(chao)到機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)步(bu)驟(zou)如下(xia)(xia)(xia)：首先把(ba)模式(shi)選(xuan)擇開(kai)(kai)關(guan)轉到MDI模式(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)；按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)[PROG]輸(shu)入M3S500；按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)[INSERT]讓機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)接受所(suo)輸(shu)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)再(zai)(zai)按(an)(an)循環(huan)(huan)啟動(dong)按(an)(an)鈕(niu)[CYCLESTARTC]啟動(dong)分中(zhong)(zhong)棒(bang)(bang)；接著用(yong)(yong)(yong)手輪找(zhao)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，找(zhao)到中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)后(hou)(hou)(hou)按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)[OFS/SET]再(zai)(zai)按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)屏幕下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇按(an)(an)鈕(niu)[工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)系(xi)(xi)]找(zhao)到需(xu)要(yao)(yao)錄入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)輸(shu)入X0再(zai)(zai)按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)屏幕下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)[測量]按(an)(an)鈕(niu)寫入X軸(zhou)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)。再(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法寫入Y軸(zhou)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)。至此把(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)抄(chao)到機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)上(shang)這一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)成(cheng)。）中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)數(shu)抄(chao)好后(hou)(hou)(hou)還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)抄(chao)Z軸(zhou)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)般取對頂為(wei)零(ling)對好刀(dao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)只要(yao)(yao)把(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)頂面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)抄(chao)到機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Z軸(zhou)數(shu)一(yi)(yi)欄就可以(yi)(yi)了(le)。輸(shu)入程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)開(kai)(kai)始加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)：以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)存儲(chu)卡(ka)進行DNC加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)例，首先將(jiang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)拷貝到存儲(chu)卡(ka)里（可一(yi)(yi)次拷貝多個程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)）把(ba)模式(shi)選(xuan)擇開(kai)(kai)關(guan)調到DNC再(zai)(zai)按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)PROG接著按(an)(an)右(you)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)[＞]兩次，按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)DNC-CD顯(xian)示存儲(chu)卡(ka)里面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)。找(zhao)到需(xu)要(yao)(yao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)，按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)序(xu)(xu)號再(zai)(zai)按(an)(an)軟鍵(jian)(jian)(jian)DNC-ST。按(an)(an)YCLESTARTC（循環(huan)(huan)啟動(dong)按(an)(an)鈕(niu)）就開(kai)(kai)始加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)。

2、加工完畢

所輸入的(de)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成之后(hou)機床Z軸(zhou)會抬高(gao)到一定(ding)的(de)高(gao)度同(tong)時機床主軸(zhou)（Z軸(zhou)）會停止(zhi)(zhi)轉動機床各(ge)軸(zhou)停止(zhi)(zhi)運行，當(dang)一個(ge)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成之后(hou)：要(yao)(yao)認(ren)真檢查程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)所加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)地方(fang)(fang)有(you)無過(guo)切(qie)漏切(qie)彈刀以(yi)及(ji)光得太粗等(deng)情況。當(dang)編程(cheng)(cheng)員給出(chu)的(de)所有(you)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)都加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成之后(hou)則代表工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成，檢查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)：工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成之后(hou)應整(zheng)體性(xing)的(de)檢查所加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)外(wai)觀、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺寸以(yi)及(ji)其它方(fang)(fang)面有(you)無達到加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)求。一切(qie)確認(ren)無誤后(hou)則可(ke)以(yi)下機。卸載工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)：確認(ren)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成就可(ke)以(yi)卸載工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)，當(dang)一個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成后(hou)就已(yi)經是成品或半成品而不能再有(you)碰凹刮花等(deng)痕跡。所以(yi)針對不同(tong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)要(yao)(yao)靈活的(de)運用不同(tong)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。要(yao)(yao)做到輕拿(na)輕放，安全(quan)合理。確保人(ren)身和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)安全(quan)。

3、清掃機床

當機臺上有較多鐵屑以及其它雜物時就需要清掃數控機床。清(qing)掃機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)時應用(yong)掃把(ba)或(huo)木棒等(deng)軟(ruan)材料來清(qing)理殘存在機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)內的雜(za)物而不要(yao)用(yong)鐵棒或(huo)風(feng)槍(qiang)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具清(qing)掃機(ji)(ji)臺。以免出現(xian)碰傷機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)部分(fen)和把(ba)碎鐵屑(xie)吹進機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)導軌影(ying)響(xiang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)：當工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成(cheng)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)清(qing)掃完(wan)畢后可以關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)時方(fang)可關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)。如遇特殊情(qing)況（如打雷等(deng)）也應該關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)閉(bi)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)時應先(xian)把(ba)X.Y.Z三軸(zhou)移(yi)動到(dao)中間位(wei)置，坐標軸(zhou)，主軸(zhou)等(deng)應停止(zhi)運行(xing)；然后按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)急停開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，再按(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)主操作(zuo)盤上(shang)(shang)的NC系統電(dian)源OFF開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；接著將電(dian)氣(qi)控制(zhi)柜的電(dian)源開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)扳(ban)到(dao)OFF。把(ba)穩壓器(qi)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)掉(diao)。關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)好機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)(shang)各防護門。至此關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)完(wan)成(cheng)。