一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽車機油(you)泵(beng)按(an)照(zhao)結構形式不同,分為(wei)兩大類(lei)型(xing),分別是:
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)式機油(you)泵由主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)、主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)、從動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)、從動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)、殼體(ti)等組成。兩個(ge)齒(chi)(chi)數相(xiang)同的齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)相(xiang)互嚙合(he),裝(zhuang)在(zai)殼體(ti)內,齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)與殼體(ti)的徑向和端(duan)面(mian)間隙很小。主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)與主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)鍵連(lian)接(jie),從動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)空套在(zai)從動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)上。
工(gong)作(zuo)時,主動齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)帶(dai)動從動齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)反向旋(xuan)轉。兩(liang)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)旋(xuan)轉時,充滿在齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)齒(chi)槽間的機油(you)(you)沿油(you)(you)泵殼壁(bi)由(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)帶(dai)到出(chu)油(you)(you)腔(qiang),在進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)一(yi)(yi)側由(you)(you)于齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)脫開嚙(nie)合以及(ji)機油(you)(you)被(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)出(chu)而(er)產(chan)(chan)生真空,使油(you)(you)底殼內的機油(you)(you)在大氣壓力作(zuo)用下(xia)經集(ji)濾器進(jin)(jin)入進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang),而(er)在出(chu)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)一(yi)(yi)側由(you)(you)于齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)進(jin)(jin)入嚙(nie)合和機油(you)(you)被(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)入而(er)產(chan)(chan)生擠(ji)壓作(zuo)用,機油(you)(you)以一(yi)(yi)定壓力被(bei)泵出(chu)。
一般嚙(nie)合齒輪式(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)又分為(wei)內(nei)嚙(nie)合齒輪式(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)與(yu)外(wai)嚙(nie)合齒輪式(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)兩(liang)種類(lei)型。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)是利用內(nei)(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)壓(ya)送潤(run)滑油(you)(you),又叫(jiao)次擺線齒輪泵(beng)(beng)。轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)主(zhu)(zhu)要由(you)內(nei)(nei)、外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi),機油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)體及(ji)機油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)蓋等零件組成(cheng)。主(zhu)(zhu)動的內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)和從動的外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)都裝在(zai)(zai)機油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)殼體內(nei)(nei)。內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有四(si)個(ge)凸齒,外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有五(wu)個(ge)凹齒。內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)固定在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)動軸上,外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)殼體內(nei)(nei)可以自(zi)由(you)轉(zhuan)動,兩者之間有一(yi)定的偏心距。
當油(you)(you)泵工(gong)(gong)作時,內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)帶動(dong)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)向(xiang)同一個(ge)方向(xiang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。由于兩個(ge)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的偏心距和齒(chi)形輪廓確保了內(nei)(nei)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)無論轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)到(dao)任何角度(du),各(ge)齒(chi)面之間(jian)總是線接觸,這樣內(nei)(nei)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)輪齒(chi)間(jian)便(bian)形成了四個(ge)工(gong)(gong)作腔(qiang)(qiang)。由于內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)大于外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(傳動(dong)比5:4),當某一工(gong)(gong)作腔(qiang)(qiang)從進油(you)(you)道(dao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)過時,轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)脫(tuo)開嚙(nie)合(he),容積逐漸增大,產生(sheng)真空(kong)度(du),潤滑(hua)油(you)(you)便(bian)從進油(you)(you)道(dao)被吸入。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繼續旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),潤滑(hua)油(you)(you)被帶到(dao)出(chu)油(you)(you)道(dao)另一側,這時轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)進入嚙(nie)合(he),油(you)(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)容積逐漸減(jian)小,油(you)(you)壓升高,使(shi)油(you)(you)從齒(chi)間(jian)擠出(chu),經出(chu)油(you)(you)道(dao)送(song)出(chu)。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪(lun)式機油泵(beng)和(he)轉子式機油泵(beng)對比起來,各有各的特點:
齒輪式機(ji)(ji)油泵(beng)由于結(jie)(jie)構簡(jian)單,制(zhi)造較(jiao)容易,并(bing)且工作可靠(kao),是(shi)應用最為廣泛的一種機(ji)(ji)油泵(beng)。轉子式機(ji)(ji)油泵(beng)結(jie)(jie)構緊湊,吸油真(zhen)空度(du)較(jiao)高,泵(beng)油量較(jiao)大,且供(gong)油均勻,當機(ji)(ji)油泵(beng)安裝在曲(qu)軸箱外且位置較(jiao)高時,用此種機(ji)(ji)油泵(beng)較(jiao)為合適。