一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種

汽車機油(you)泵按照結構形(xing)式不同(tong)，分為兩大類型，分別是：

1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵

齒(chi)輪式機油泵由主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸、主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪、從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)動(dong)(dong)軸、從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪、殼體(ti)(ti)等組成。兩個齒(chi)數相同的齒(chi)輪相互嚙合，裝在(zai)(zai)殼體(ti)(ti)內，齒(chi)輪與殼體(ti)(ti)的徑向和(he)端面間(jian)隙很小(xiao)。主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸與主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪鍵連接，從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪空套在(zai)(zai)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)動(dong)(dong)軸上。

工(gong)作時(shi)，主動齒(chi)輪(lun)帶(dai)動從(cong)動齒(chi)輪(lun)反(fan)向旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)。兩齒(chi)輪(lun)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)時(shi)，充滿在(zai)(zai)齒(chi)輪(lun)齒(chi)槽間(jian)的機(ji)油(you)沿(yan)油(you)泵(beng)殼壁由(you)進(jin)油(you)腔帶(dai)到出(chu)(chu)油(you)腔，在(zai)(zai)進(jin)油(you)腔一(yi)側由(you)于齒(chi)輪(lun)脫開(kai)嚙合以(yi)及機(ji)油(you)被(bei)(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)出(chu)(chu)而產生真空，使油(you)底(di)殼內的機(ji)油(you)在(zai)(zai)大氣壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)作用下經集濾器進(jin)入進(jin)油(you)腔，而在(zai)(zai)出(chu)(chu)油(you)腔一(yi)側由(you)于齒(chi)輪(lun)進(jin)入嚙合和機(ji)油(you)被(bei)(bei)不(bu)斷(duan)帶(dai)入而產生擠壓(ya)(ya)作用，機(ji)油(you)以(yi)一(yi)定壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)被(bei)(bei)泵(beng)出(chu)(chu)。

一般(ban)嚙合齒輪式機(ji)油泵(beng)又分為內嚙合齒輪式機(ji)油泵(beng)與外嚙合齒輪式機(ji)油泵(beng)兩(liang)種類型。

2、轉子式機油泵

轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)式機油(you)泵(beng)是利用內(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)壓送潤滑油(you)，又叫次擺線(xian)齒輪(lun)泵(beng)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)式機油(you)泵(beng)主(zhu)要由內(nei)(nei)、外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)，機油(you)泵(beng)體(ti)及機油(you)泵(beng)蓋等(deng)零件組成。主(zhu)動的內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)和從(cong)動的外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)都裝在機油(you)泵(beng)殼體(ti)內(nei)(nei)。內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)有(you)四個凸齒，外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)有(you)五個凹齒。內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)固定在主(zhu)動軸上，外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)在油(you)泵(beng)殼體(ti)內(nei)(nei)可以自由轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動，兩者之間有(you)一定的偏心距。

當油(you)泵工(gong)作時(shi)(shi)，內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)帶動外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)向同(tong)一個方向轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動。由(you)于(yu)兩(liang)個轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)偏心距和(he)齒(chi)形(xing)輪廓確保(bao)了內(nei)(nei)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)無論轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)到任何(he)角度，各齒(chi)面之間(jian)總是線接(jie)觸，這樣內(nei)(nei)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)輪齒(chi)間(jian)便(bian)形(xing)成了四個工(gong)作腔。由(you)于(yu)內(nei)(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)大(da)于(yu)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)（傳(chuan)動比5：4），當某一工(gong)作腔從(cong)進(jin)油(you)道(dao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)過(guo)時(shi)(shi)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)脫開嚙(nie)合，容積(ji)逐漸(jian)增(zeng)大(da)，產生真(zhen)空度，潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)便(bian)從(cong)進(jin)油(you)道(dao)被(bei)吸入。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繼續(xu)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)被(bei)帶到出(chu)油(you)道(dao)另(ling)一側，這時(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)進(jin)入嚙(nie)合，油(you)腔容積(ji)逐漸(jian)減小，油(you)壓升(sheng)高，使油(you)從(cong)齒(chi)間(jian)擠出(chu)，經出(chu)油(you)道(dao)送出(chu)。

二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好

齒(chi)輪式機油(you)泵(beng)(beng)和(he)轉子式機油(you)泵(beng)(beng)對(dui)比起來，各(ge)有各(ge)的特點(dian)：

齒輪(lun)式機(ji)油泵由于(yu)結構(gou)簡單，制(zhi)造較容易，并且(qie)工(gong)作可靠，是應(ying)用(yong)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)廣泛的一種機(ji)油泵。轉子式機(ji)油泵結構(gou)緊湊，吸油真空度(du)較高，泵油量較大，且(qie)供油均勻，當機(ji)油泵安裝在曲軸箱外且(qie)位置較高時，用(yong)此種機(ji)油泵較為(wei)(wei)合適。