一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽車機油泵(beng)按照結(jie)構形式不(bu)同,分為兩大(da)類型,分別是:
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒輪(lun)(lun)式機油泵由主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)、主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)齒輪(lun)(lun)、從動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)、從動(dong)(dong)(dong)齒輪(lun)(lun)、殼體(ti)等(deng)組(zu)成。兩個齒數相同的齒輪(lun)(lun)相互(hu)嚙合(he),裝在(zai)殼體(ti)內,齒輪(lun)(lun)與(yu)殼體(ti)的徑向和端面(mian)間(jian)隙很(hen)小。主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)與(yu)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)齒輪(lun)(lun)鍵連(lian)接,從動(dong)(dong)(dong)齒輪(lun)(lun)空套在(zai)從動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)上(shang)。
工(gong)作時,主動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)帶動(dong)從動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)反向旋轉。兩齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)旋轉時,充滿在(zai)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)齒(chi)(chi)槽(cao)間(jian)的機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)沿(yan)油(you)(you)(you)泵殼(ke)壁(bi)由(you)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔(qiang)帶到出油(you)(you)(you)腔(qiang),在(zai)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔(qiang)一側由(you)于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)脫開嚙(nie)合以及機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶出而產生真空(kong),使油(you)(you)(you)底殼(ke)內的機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)在(zai)大氣壓(ya)力(li)作用(yong)下(xia)經(jing)集濾器進(jin)入進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔(qiang),而在(zai)出油(you)(you)(you)腔(qiang)一側由(you)于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)進(jin)入嚙(nie)合和機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶入而產生擠壓(ya)作用(yong),機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)以一定壓(ya)力(li)被泵出。
一般嚙合齒輪(lun)式(shi)機油(you)泵又分為內嚙合齒輪(lun)式(shi)機油(you)泵與外(wai)嚙合齒輪(lun)式(shi)機油(you)泵兩種類(lei)型。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機(ji)(ji)油泵是(shi)利用內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)壓送(song)潤(run)滑油,又叫次擺線(xian)齒輪泵。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機(ji)(ji)油泵主要由內(nei)、外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi),機(ji)(ji)油泵體及機(ji)(ji)油泵蓋等零件(jian)組成。主動(dong)的(de)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)和(he)從動(dong)的(de)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)都裝(zhuang)在機(ji)(ji)油泵殼體內(nei)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有四個凸齒,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有五個凹齒。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)固(gu)定在主動(dong)軸上,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)在油泵殼體內(nei)可以自由轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong),兩者之間有一定的(de)偏心距。
當油(you)(you)泵工作(zuo)(zuo)時,內(nei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)帶(dai)動外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)向(xiang)同一(yi)個(ge)方(fang)向(xiang)轉(zhuan)動。由于兩(liang)個(ge)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)偏心(xin)距和齒形(xing)輪(lun)(lun)廓確保了內(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)無論(lun)轉(zhuan)到任何(he)角(jiao)度,各齒面之間總是(shi)線(xian)接觸,這樣內(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)輪(lun)(lun)齒間便形(xing)成了四個(ge)工作(zuo)(zuo)腔。由于內(nei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)轉(zhuan)速大于外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)轉(zhuan)速(傳動比5:4),當某一(yi)工作(zuo)(zuo)腔從(cong)進油(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)轉(zhuan)過時,轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)脫開嚙合,容積逐漸增大,產(chan)生真空度,潤(run)(run)滑油(you)(you)便從(cong)進油(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)被吸入。轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)繼(ji)續(xu)旋轉(zhuan),潤(run)(run)滑油(you)(you)被帶(dai)到出(chu)油(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)另一(yi)側,這時轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)進入嚙合,油(you)(you)腔容積逐漸減(jian)小,油(you)(you)壓升(sheng)高,使油(you)(you)從(cong)齒間擠出(chu),經(jing)出(chu)油(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)送出(chu)。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪式機油泵(beng)(beng)和轉子式機油泵(beng)(beng)對比起來,各有各的(de)特點:
齒輪式(shi)(shi)機油(you)(you)泵由于(yu)結(jie)構簡單,制造較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)容易,并且工(gong)作可靠(kao),是應用(yong)最為廣泛的一種機油(you)(you)泵。轉子式(shi)(shi)機油(you)(you)泵結(jie)構緊湊,吸油(you)(you)真空度較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao),泵油(you)(you)量較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大,且供油(you)(you)均(jun)勻,當機油(you)(you)泵安裝在曲軸箱外且位置較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)時,用(yong)此種機油(you)(you)泵較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為合適。