紅景天的生長特性
首先我們需要了解的是紅景天的基本特征有什么,這樣才能對紅景天有直觀的認識,起碼不會購買到假冒的紅景天。紅景天為多年生草木或灌木植物,生長在海拔800——2500米(mi)高寒無污染(ran)地帶的珍稀野生植(zhi)物。高10-20厘米(mi)。根粗壯(zhuang),圓錐(zhui)形(xing),肉(rou)質,褐(he)黃(huang)色(se),根頸部具多(duo)數須根。根莖(jing)短(duan),粗狀,圓柱形(xing),被(bei)多(duo)數覆瓦狀排(pai)列的鱗片狀的葉(xie)。從莖(jing)頂端之葉(xie)腋抽出數條花莖(jing),花莖(jing)上下部均(jun)有肉(rou)質葉(xie),葉(xie)片橢圓形(xing),邊(bian)緣具鋸齒,先端尖(jian)銳,基部楔(xie)形(xing),幾無(wu)柄。聚傘花序頂生,花紅色(se)。7-9月采收(shou)。
紅景天怎么鑒別真假
紅(hong)景天(tian)的鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)別方(fang)法(fa)很多,有性狀鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)別、顯微(wei)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)別、色譜鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)別和(he)分(fen)子生(sheng)物技術,下(xia)(xia)面為大家介(jie)紹一下(xia)(xia)紅(hong)景天(tian)的性狀鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)別:
紅景天是景天科多(duo)年生(sheng)草木或灌木植(zhi)物,生(sheng)長在海拔800-2500米(mi)高(gao)寒無污(wu)染地帶的珍(zhen)稀野生植物。高(gao)10-20厘(li)米。已確認的紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)超過二百(bai)個品種(zhong),當中大(da)約二十多種(zhong)為亞洲傳(chuan)統醫學的常(chang)用藥,例如小花紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)、大(da)花紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)、薔薇紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)、圣地紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)等。那(nei)么,哪種(zhong)紅(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)最好?
在紅景天那么多(duo)品種中(zhong),生(sheng)長于海(hai)拔 4300 米以上的(de)大花紅(hong)景(jing)天(tian)是最(zui)優良的(de)品(pin)種,其(qi)有效成(cheng)份紅(hong)景(jing)天(tian)苷(gan)的(de)含量遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高于其(qi)它品(pin)種,自然(ran)生長的(de)大花紅(hong)景(jing)天(tian)需7-8年方可(ke)采(cai)用,可(ke)謂(wei)藥源中(zhong)的(de)正(zheng)宗極(ji)品,人們(men)習(xi)慣上將(jiang)產自西藏(zang)的(de)大花(hua)紅(hong)景(jing)天(tian)稱之為“藏(zang)域紅(hong)景(jing)天(tian)”,謂(wei)之“西藏(zang)人參”、“長(chang)生不老草”、“仙賜草”。
紅景天如何挑選
紅(hong)景天根莖一(yi)般呈(cheng)圓柱(zhu)形,粗(cu)短,略(lve)彎曲,表皮(pi)棕色(se)(se)或(huo)者褐色(se)(se),粗(cu)糙有(you)(you)褶皺,剝開外皮(pi)有(you)(you)一(yi)層膜質(zhi)黃(huang)色(se)(se)表皮(pi)且(qie)具(ju)有(you)(you)粉紅(hong)色(se)(se)花(hua)紋(wen),斷(duan)面粉紅(hong)色(se)(se)或(huo)紫(zi)紅(hong)色(se)(se),有(you)(you)一(yi)環紋(wen),質(zhi)輕,疏松。紅(hong)景天鑒(jian)別(bie)主要(yao)還(huan)是(shi)看其主根呈(cheng)圓柱(zhu)形,粗(cu)短,斷(duan)面橙紅(hong)色(se)(se)或(huo)紫(zi)紅(hong)色(se)(se),有(you)(you)時具(ju)裂隙。氣芳香(xiang),味微(wei)苦澀,后味甜(tian)。
從外觀(guan)上來說優(you)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)在日光(guang)下顏(yan)色(se)會非(fei)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong),并(bing)且正品紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)在日光(guang)下還會越(yue)曬越(yue)紅(hong)(hong)(hong),這個(ge)辦法是非(fei)常容易區(qu)分其他冒充產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)。優(you)質(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)地是較(jiao)軟是非(fei)常適合泡酒(jiu)、泡茶(cha)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de),但是低海拔(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)質(zhi)地比(bi)較(jiao)硬,而且不易切片食(shi)用(yong)。高海拔(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)因為(wei)密度低,所以(yi)重量較(jiao)輕(qing),而海拔(ba)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)會比(bi)較(jiao)重。當然也可以(yi)從氣味(wei)(wei)上簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷(duan)優(you)質(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian),優(you)質(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)一般香味(wei)(wei)比(bi)較(jiao)濃郁,品質(zhi)一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)則比(bi)較(jiao)淡。