行政區劃

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泉州市截(jie)至2017年，轄鯉城(cheng)區(qu)、豐澤(ze)區(qu)、洛(luo)江(jiang)區(qu)、泉港區(qu)4個區(qu)及惠安(an)縣(xian)、安(an)溪(xi)縣(xian)、永春縣(xian)、德(de)化縣(xian)、金門縣(xian)（待統一）5個縣(xian)，代管晉江(jiang)市、石(shi)獅市、南(nan)安(an)市3個縣(xian)級市。 市政府駐地東海街道海星(xing)街市行政服務中(zhong)心。

地理環境

位置境域

泉州(zhou)位于東經117°25′—119°05′，北緯24°30′—25°56′，地處福建省東南(nan)沿海(hai)、臺(tai)灣(wan)(wan)海(hai)峽西岸(an)，離臺(tai)灣(wan)(wan)最近處僅距(ju)97海(hai)里，距(ju)金門最近處僅5.61海(hai)里，東西寬153千(qian)(qian)米(mi)，南(nan)北長157千(qian)(qian)米(mi)，陸域面積(ji)11014.78平方千(qian)(qian)米(mi)（包括金門島），約占(zhan)全省陸地面積(ji)的9.08%。

地形地貌

泉州市大地(di)構造位于華(hua)南褶皺系的(de)東(dong)南部，閩(min)東(dong)火(huo)山(shan)斷(duan)拗帶的(de)中(zhong)南段。構造帶均呈北(bei)東(dong)—南西方向(xiang)(xiang)展布(bu)。境內五(wu)分(fen)之四(si)以上的(de)面積(ji)(ji)分(fen)布(bu)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)生代(dai)火(huo)山(shan)巖(yan)系和侵(qin)入巖(yan)，兩者出露(lu)面積(ji)(ji)約(yue)各占一半，從西北(bei)往(wang)東(dong)南侵(qin)入巖(yan)分(fen)布(bu)面積(ji)(ji)增(zeng)多成為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體。閩(min)中(zhong)大山(shan)帶中(zhong)段戴云山(shan)脈主(zhu)干呈北(bei)東(dong)—南西方向(xiang)(xiang)展布(bu)，橫臥(wo)西北(bei)部德化境內，規模(mo)龐大，主(zhu)峰(feng)海拔1856米，為(wei)(wei)福建省第二高(gao)峰(feng)。其支脈和余脈向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)南、南部綿延(yan)，地(di)勢西北(bei)高(gao)，往(wang)東(dong)南呈階梯狀(zhuang)下降(jiang)，構成由中(zhong)低山(shan)向(xiang)(xiang)丘陵、臺地(di)至平原遞(di)變的(de)多層狀(zhuang)地(di)形地(di)貌景觀(guan)。

氣候

泉州(zhou)市地處低緯度，東臨(lin)海(hai)洋(yang)，屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶海(hai)洋(yang)性季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件優越，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)資源豐富(fu)。泉州(zhou)市氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)有3個基本(ben)(ben)特征：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)高(gao)，光熱(re)豐富(fu)。年(nian)(nian)太陽輻射總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)120～140千卡/平(ping)(ping)方厘米，大部(bu)分地區年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)19.5～21.0℃（僅(jin)西北(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)山區低于18℃），最(zui)熱(re)月平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)達26～29℃，最(zui)冷月也(ye)有9～13℃。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)無霜期長，沿海(hai)地區基本(ben)(ben)無霜。≥10℃的(de)(de)有效積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)5610～7250℃。年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時數為(wei)(wei)1800～2200小時。二是(shi)(shi)降(jiang)水充(chong)沛，但時空分布不(bu)均勻。全(quan)市年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)1000～1800毫米，自東南(nan)部(bu)向西北(bei)部(bu)遞增，內陸地區比(bi)沿海(hai)地區多(duo)一(yi)倍左右(you)。干、濕季(ji)(ji)甚為(wei)(wei)分明：3～9月降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)80%，為(wei)(wei)濕季(ji)(ji)；10～2月僅(jin)占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)20%，為(wei)(wei)干季(ji)(ji)。降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)年(nian)(nian)際(ji)間變(bian)化(hua)率大，少(shao)雨年(nian)(nian)份降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)及(ji)多(duo)雨年(nian)(nian)份的(de)(de)一(yi)半(ban)。三是(shi)(shi)季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)顯著。冬半(ban)年(nian)(nian)主要(yao)受蒙古冷高(gao)壓楔(xie)控制，盛行偏北(bei)風，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)低，干燥少(shao)雨；夏半(ban)年(nian)(nian)主要(yao)受副(fu)熱(re)帶高(gao)壓影響(xiang)，盛行偏南(nan)風，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)高(gao)，濕潤多(duo)雨。

水文

泉(quan)州市(shi)境(jing)內(nei)溪流(liu)(liu)密布，發源于(yu)本市(shi)境(jing)內(nei)流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積100平方(fang)(fang)千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)以上的河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)有34條(tiao)，總長度(du)(du)1549千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)，其(qi)中晉江水系(xi)15條(tiao)，九龍(long)江水系(xi)5條(tiao)，閩江水系(xi)9條(tiao)，單(dan)獨入海5條(tiao)；流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積50平方(fang)(fang)千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)及以上河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)81條(tiao)，總長度(du)(du)為2156千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)。晉江、洛(luo)陽江為泉(quan)州市(shi)主要河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)。

自然資源

泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)土地(di)(di)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源豐富，耕(geng)地(di)(di)有限。泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)境內(nei)溪(xi)流(liu)密布，發源于本市(shi)境內(nei)流(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)(ji)100平(ping)(ping)方千(qian)米(mi)(mi)以上的(de)河(he)(he)流(liu)有34條(tiao)，總(zong)長(chang)度1549千(qian)米(mi)(mi)，其(qi)中晉江水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)15條(tiao)，九龍江水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)5條(tiao)，閩江水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)9條(tiao)，單獨入海5條(tiao)；流(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)(ji)50平(ping)(ping)方千(qian)米(mi)(mi)及(ji)以上河(he)(he)流(liu)81條(tiao)，總(zong)長(chang)度為(wei)2156千(qian)米(mi)(mi)。晉江、洛陽江為(wei)泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)主(zhu)要河(he)(he)流(liu)，全(quan)(quan)市(shi)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源總(zong)量(liang)為(wei)96.13億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)市(shi)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)為(wei)1242.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)偏少(shao)327.1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，比2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)少(shao)1074.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)市(shi)地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源量(liang)80.428億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)市(shi)地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源量(liang)23.684億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)市(shi)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源總(zong)量(liang)80.598億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)，人均(jun)擁有水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源量(liang)為(wei)939立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)已發現各類(lei)(lei)礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，地(di)(di)質勘查探明資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源儲量(liang)的(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中：能源礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，金(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，非金(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，水(shui)(shui)氣礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。主(zhu)要礦(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)包(bao)括：鐵、錳、銅、鉛、鋅、鉬、金(jin)、銀(yin)、煤、硫鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)、水(shui)(shui)泥用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)（大理巖(yan)(yan)）、葉蠟(la)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、硅灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、明礬(fan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、螢石(shi)(shi)(shi)（普通）、石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)、長(chang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、高(gao)嶺土、陶瓷(ci)土（瓷(ci)石(shi)(shi)(shi)）、伊利石(shi)(shi)(shi)、水(shui)(shui)泥用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)粘(zhan)土、建筑用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)花崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)（凝灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)）、飾面(mian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)雕刻用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輝(hui)綠巖(yan)(yan)（花崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)、閃長(chang)巖(yan)(yan)）、冶(ye)金(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)英、玻璃(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)砂、鑄型(xing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)砂、建筑用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)砂、地(di)(di)熱、礦(kuang)(kuang)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)等。泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)現有土地(di)(di)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1099710公頃(qing)(qing)，其(qi)中林(lin)業用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)684719公頃(qing)(qing)，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)市(shi)土地(di)(di)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)62.3%，森林(lin)覆(fu)蓋(gai)率59.14%。泉(quan)(quan)州(zhou)市(shi)野(ye)生動植物(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源豐富，記(ji)錄有兩棲類(lei)(lei)2目7科(ke)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行(xing)類(lei)(lei)3目13科(ke)61種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)19目51科(ke)260種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，哺乳類(lei)(lei)6目14科(ke)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；記(ji)錄有野(ye)生維管束(shu)植物(wu)212科(ke)903屬2201種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括逸生和歸化種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)），其(qi)中蕨(jue)類(lei)(lei)植物(wu)42科(ke)84屬199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植物(wu)8科(ke)15屬20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子植物(wu)162科(ke)804屬1982種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

歷史沿革

夏、商(shang)兩(liang)代，地(di)理(li)區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)(hua)屬(shu)揚州(zhou)(zhou)。西周，為七(qi)閩(min)地(di)。春(chun)(chun)秋末期(qi)至戰國初(chu)期(qi)，屬(shu)越(yue)國地(di)。太平(ping)興國五年(nian)，因地(di)遠期(qi)會輸納不便，應(ying)楊海等之(zhi)請，長泰(tai)縣(xian)(xian)析(xi)歸漳州(zhou)(zhou)。 雍正十二年(nian)(1734)，升永(yong)(yong)春(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)為永(yong)(yong)春(chun)(chun)直隸州(zhou)(zhou)，劃(hua)(hua)德(de)(de)化縣(xian)(xian)并(bing)延(yan)平(ping)府(fu)大(da)田(tian)縣(xian)(xian)歸其轄理(li)，隸福建行(xing)(xing)(xing)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。民國元年(nian)(1912)，取消府(fu)、州(zhou)(zhou)、廳，實行(xing)(xing)(xing)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、道、縣(xian)(xian)三級地(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)制(zhi)，晉江、南安(an)(an)、同安(an)(an)、惠安(an)(an)、安(an)(an)溪、永(yong)(yong)春(chun)(chun)(民國2年(nian)3月(yue)廢州(zhou)(zhou)立縣(xian)(xian))、德(de)(de)化歸屬(shu)南路道(址(zhi)設廈(sha)門)。1949年(nian)8月(yue)24日(ri)(ri)，福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人民政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)會福州(zhou)(zhou))成立。8、9月(yue)間，南安(an)(an)、永(yong)(yong)春(chun)(chun)、惠安(an)(an)、晉江、安(an)(an)溪相繼解(jie)放。9月(yue)， 全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劃(hua)(hua)為八個行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)督察區(qu)(qu)。公署(shu)(shu)設晉江縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(今泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)市區(qu)(qu))。10月(yue)9日(ri)(ri)，金門縣(xian)(xian)大(da)嶝島、小嶝島及角嶼解(jie)放。11月(yue)24日(ri)(ri)，德(de)(de)化解(jie)放，歸入第(di)七(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)督察區(qu)(qu)(專署(shu)(shu)駐永(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian))。 2010年(nian)3月(yue)8日(ri)(ri)，福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人民政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)正式批準設立泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)臺商(shang)投資區(qu)(qu)管理(li)委員(yuan)會，作為省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)的(de)派出機構(gou)，并(bing)賦予設區(qu)(qu)市的(de)部(bu)分行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管理(li)權限(xian)和先(xian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)先(xian)試的(de)特殊(shu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策，委托泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)市委、市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)管理(li)。