一、消防泵怎么啟動
消防控制室與消火栓動作按鈕啟動關系與消火栓泵的啟動形式有關。消防泵的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)一(yi)般分為兩(liang)種,第一(yi)種啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)是在(zai)總線(xian)制聯(lian)控方式(shi)下,消火(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)按(an)鈕的起動(dong)(dong)(dong)可(ke)通過設在(zai)消火(huo)栓(shuan)旁的聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)接口模塊將其要求(qiu)的啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)信號送至消防控制室(shi)控制臺,再從此處輸出(chu)使消火(huo)栓(shuan)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的開(kai)關(guan)量觸點(dian)。
第二種啟動方式(shi)(shi),是直接將消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)(shuan)動(dong)作按鈕的開關量觸點輸(shu)出到消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)(shuan)泵啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)箱。這兩種(zhong)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式(shi)(shi)在(zai)實(shi)際設計(ji)中都可(ke)以運用(yong),前(qian)一種(zhong)方式(shi)(shi)接線(xian)省,但需(xu)在(zai)總線(xian)制(zhi)下,對(dui)消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)(shuan)聯(lian)動(dong)模(mo)塊(kuai)進行地址編(bian)碼編(bian)程來(lai)達(da)到監測大(da)量消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)(shuan)的目的。后一種(zhong)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式(shi)(shi)簡單可(ke)靠,但還需(xu)要把消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)(shuan)動(dong)作信號返給消(xiao)(xiao)防控制(zhi)室。設計(ji)者在(zai)具體(ti)設計(ji)中可(ke)根據實(shi)際工程規模(mo)大(da)小來(lai)選(xuan)用(yong),工程規模(mo)大(da)、建筑形式(shi)(shi)復(fu)雜(za)可(ke)采用(yong)前(qian)一種(zhong)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式(shi)(shi),規模(mo)小可(ke)采用(yong)后一種(zhong)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式(shi)(shi)。
消防泵(beng)的(de)自啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)通過(guo)各保護(hu)區的(de)管網(wang)噴(pen)嘴(zui)玻璃(li)球高溫下爆(bao)碎,引起(qi)管網(wang)水(shui)流流動(dong)(dong),從(cong)而聯動(dong)(dong)報警閥(fa)壓力(li)開關動(dong)(dong)作(zuo),達到自啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)噴(pen)淋泵(beng)的(de)目(mu)的(de)。通過(guo)水(shui)流指示器(qi)聯動(dong)(dong)模塊(kuai)或報警閥(fa)壓力(li)開關引線至控制(zhi)室(shi)(shi),消防控制(zhi)室(shi)(shi)能準確反映其動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)信號,同時控制(zhi)室(shi)(shi)應能直接控制(zhi)噴(pen)淋泵(beng)啟(qi)停。
二、消防泵的啟泵方式
1、星三角啟動模式
星三角的啟動模式(shi)結構簡單、價格便宜、可靠性(xing)(xing)高,為此,被廣(guang)泛利用,通(tong)過減小功率來(lai)降低設備啟動電流來(lai)進行啟動的。電流特性(xing)(xing)很好,而轉矩(ju)特性(xing)(xing)較差,所(suo)以客觀存在只(zhi)適(shi)用于(yu)無載或者輕(qing)載起動的場(chang)合(he)。
2、自耦降壓啟動模式
自耦(ou)降壓(ya)的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)模式是利用自耦(ou)變壓(ya)器(qi)來降低加在(zai)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機定子(zi)繞組(zu)上的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)壓(ya)。待(dai)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機啟動(dong)(dong)后,再使電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機與自耦(ou)變壓(ya)器(qi)脫離,從而(er)在(zai)全(quan)壓(ya)下正常運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。這種降壓(ya)啟動(dong)(dong)分(fen)為手動(dong)(dong)控制和自動(dong)(dong)控制兩(liang)種。可以按允許的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流和所需的(de)啟動(dong)(dong)轉矩來選擇自耦(ou)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)不(bu)同抽(chou)頭實(shi)現降壓(ya)啟動(dong)(dong),而(er)且不(bu)論電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)定子(zi)繞組(zu)采用Y 或Δ接法都可以使用。
3、軟啟啟動模式
軟起動(dong)(dong)(dong)是通過(guo)采用(yong)降壓(ya)、補償或變(bian)頻等技術手段,實現電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)及機(ji)械負載的平滑起動(dong)(dong)(dong),減少起動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)流對電(dian)(dian)網的影響程度,使電(dian)(dian)網和機(ji)械系統得以保護。這種形式(shi)成本高但對設備(bei)保護較好。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)由零慢(man)慢(man)提升到額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),這樣電(dian)(dian)機(ji)在啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中的啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)流,就由過(guo)去(qu)過(guo)載沖擊電(dian)(dian)流不可(ke)控制變(bian)成為可(ke)控制。并且可(ke)根據(ju)需要(yao)調節啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)流的大小。
4、直啟啟動模式
消防泵直啟的模式,一般是15KW以下水泵考慮,并滿(man)足啟動負(fu)荷不(bu)大于容量的20%。限制較(jiao)大,實際使(shi)用比(bi)較(jiao)少(shao)。