一、消防泵怎么啟動

消防控制室與消火栓動作按鈕啟動關系與消火栓泵的啟動形式有關。消防泵的(de)(de)(de)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)一(yi)般分為兩種，第一(yi)種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)是在總線制聯(lian)控方(fang)式(shi)下，消(xiao)火(huo)栓動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作按鈕的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)可通(tong)過設在消(xiao)火(huo)栓旁(pang)的(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)接口模塊將其要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)信號送(song)至消(xiao)防控制室控制臺，再從此處輸出(chu)使消(xiao)火(huo)栓啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)開關量(liang)觸點。

第二種啟動方(fang)式，是(shi)直(zhi)接將消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)作按鈕的開關量(liang)觸點輸(shu)出(chu)到消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)泵啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)箱。這兩種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式在(zai)實際設計中(zhong)都可(ke)以運用，前一(yi)種方(fang)式接線省，但需(xu)在(zai)總線制下，對消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)聯動(dong)(dong)模(mo)塊(kuai)進行地址(zhi)編碼(ma)編程來達到監測大(da)量(liang)消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)的目的。后一(yi)種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式簡單可(ke)靠，但還需(xu)要(yao)把消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)(dong)作信號返給消防控制室。設計者在(zai)具體設計中(zhong)可(ke)根據實際工(gong)程規(gui)模(mo)大(da)小來選用，工(gong)程規(gui)模(mo)大(da)、建筑形(xing)式復雜可(ke)采用前一(yi)種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式，規(gui)模(mo)小可(ke)采用后一(yi)種啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式。

消(xiao)防泵(beng)的(de)(de)自啟(qi)動(dong)是通過各保護區的(de)(de)管(guan)網噴(pen)(pen)嘴玻(bo)璃球(qiu)高(gao)溫(wen)下(xia)爆碎，引(yin)(yin)起管(guan)網水(shui)流(liu)流(liu)動(dong)，從(cong)而聯(lian)動(dong)報警(jing)閥壓(ya)力開關動(dong)作(zuo)，達到自啟(qi)動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)淋泵(beng)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。通過水(shui)流(liu)指示(shi)器聯(lian)動(dong)模塊或報警(jing)閥壓(ya)力開關引(yin)(yin)線(xian)至控(kong)制室(shi)，消(xiao)防控(kong)制室(shi)能(neng)(neng)準確反(fan)映其(qi)動(dong)作(zuo)信號，同時控(kong)制室(shi)應能(neng)(neng)直接控(kong)制噴(pen)(pen)淋泵(beng)啟(qi)停。

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二、消防泵的啟泵方式

1、星三角啟動模式

星三角的(de)啟動模式結構簡單、價格(ge)便(bian)宜(yi)、可靠性(xing)高，為此，被廣泛利用，通過減小(xiao)功率(lv)來(lai)降低設備啟動電(dian)流來(lai)進行(xing)啟動的(de)。電(dian)流特性(xing)很好，而轉矩(ju)特性(xing)較差，所以(yi)客觀存在只適用于(yu)無載(zai)或者輕(qing)載(zai)起(qi)動的(de)場合。

2、自耦降壓啟動模式

自(zi)(zi)耦(ou)(ou)降壓的(de)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式是(shi)利用自(zi)(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變壓器來(lai)降低加在(zai)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)定(ding)子繞組上(shang)的(de)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)壓。待電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)后，再使(shi)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)與自(zi)(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變壓器脫(tuo)離，從而(er)在(zai)全(quan)壓下正常(chang)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。這種(zhong)降壓啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分為手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)控制和自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)控制兩(liang)種(zhong)。可以按(an)允(yun)許的(de)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)流(liu)和所需(xu)的(de)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉矩來(lai)選擇自(zi)(zi)耦(ou)(ou)變壓器的(de)不同抽頭(tou)實現降壓啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)且不論電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)定(ding)子繞組采用Y 或Δ接法都可以使(shi)用。

3、軟啟啟動模式

軟起(qi)動是通(tong)過采用降(jiang)壓、補(bu)償或變頻(pin)等技術手段，實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)及機(ji)械負載(zai)的平滑(hua)起(qi)動，減少起(qi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的影響程(cheng)度，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)和機(ji)械系統得(de)以保護(hu)。這種形(xing)式成本高但(dan)對設備保護(hu)較好。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓由零慢慢提升到額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，這樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在啟(qi)動過程(cheng)中(zhong)的啟(qi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，就由過去(qu)過載(zai)沖擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)可控制變成為可控制。并且可根據(ju)需(xu)要調節(jie)啟(qi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的大小(xiao)。

4、直啟啟動模式

消防泵直啟(qi)的模式，一(yi)般是15KW以(yi)下水泵考慮，并滿足(zu)啟(qi)動(dong)負荷不大(da)于容(rong)量的20%。限制較大(da)，實際(ji)使用比較少(shao)。