一、消防穩壓泵的作用
消防穩壓泵即(ji)穩壓(ya)泵配合主泵,從水池(chi)取(qu)水輸向(xiang)系(xi)統(tong)保持系(xi)統(tong)壓(ya)力(li),稱“常高壓(ya)”或“穩高壓(ya)”、“準高壓(ya)”系(xi)統(tong),是不設高位(wei)消防水箱的系(xi)統(tong)。
“穩(wen)高壓(ya)(ya)”消(xiao)防給水系統的穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)泵必須在(zai)平(ping)時(shi)保持(chi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)狀態(tai),維(wei)持(chi)管網壓(ya)(ya)力,在(zai)火災發生(sheng)時(shi),仍(reng)應能(neng)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)段時(shi)間,直(zhi)至主消(xiao)防消(xiao)防泵啟動時(shi)為止,須按主、備泵設置穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)泵。由于需要(yao)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)泵一(yi)直(zhi)保持(chi)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)狀態(tai),浪費能(neng)源,而(er)且對穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)泵長期處于工作狀態(tai),對其(qi)使用壽命有很高要(yao)求,所以工程(cheng)中此種方(fang)式已不使用。
二、消防穩壓泵的原理
其氣壓(ya)(ya)罐(guan)均(jun)按(an)“小(xiao)罐(guan)”的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)要求(qiu)設置,消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)氣壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)罐(guan)的(de)(de)(de)有效容積對(dui)于消(xiao)(xiao)火(huo)栓系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)來說為300L,對(dui)于自動(dong)(dong)噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)來說為150L,若兩種系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)合用則為450L。這一(yi)類氣壓(ya)(ya)給水(shui)(shui)(shui)裝置在穩壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)故障時,仍能在30s內維持系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)力。而(er)且可在系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工作壓(ya)(ya)力降至主消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)泵(beng)(beng)設定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)力時及時發生啟動(dong)(dong)主消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)泵(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號,因(yin)此消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)穩壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)故障對(dui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)影響是不大的(de)(de)(de),即使在極(ji)端的(de)(de)(de)情況下,高位水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱仍能擔負向(xiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)任務,只是系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)最(zui)不利位置的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)受到影響而(er)已。
這種方式(shi)的工作(zuo)流程大概為:氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)罐的壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力由(you)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)提供,當氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)罐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力達到設定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu)后(hou)(hou),穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)停止(zhi),平時管網壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力由(you)氣壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)罐提供,滿足系統的水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)量要(yao)求(qiu)。當系統壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力下降到一定(ding)設定(ding)的程度后(hou)(hou),穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)啟(qi)動(dong),將系統壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力補足后(hou)(hou)再停止(zhi)。
三、消防穩壓泵設置要求
1、流量要求
1)穩壓泵的(de)設計流量(liang)不應小(xiao)于消(xiao)防(fang)給水系(xi)(xi)統管(guan)網的(de)正常泄(xie)漏量(liang)和系(xi)(xi)統自動啟(qi)動流量(liang)。
2)消(xiao)防(fang)給水系統管(guan)網(wang)的正常泄漏量應根據管(guan)道材質、接口形式(shi)等確定(ding),當(dang)沒有(you)管(guan)網(wang)泄露量數據時,穩壓(ya)泵的設計(ji)(ji)流(liu)量宜(yi)(yi)按消(xiao)防(fang)給水設計(ji)(ji)流(liu)量的1%~3%計(ji)(ji),且(qie)不宜(yi)(yi)小(xiao)于1L/s。
3) 消防(fang)給水系(xi)統所(suo)采用報警閥壓力(li)開關(guan)等自動啟動流量(liang)應根據產(chan)品確定。
2、壓力要求
1)穩壓(ya)泵的設(she)計(ji)壓(ya)力(li)應(ying)滿足(zu)系統(tong)自動啟動和管網(wang)充滿水(shui)的要(yao)求。
2)穩(wen)壓泵(beng)(beng)的設計壓力應保持系(xi)統(tong)自動啟(qi)泵(beng)(beng)壓力設置點處的壓力在準(zhun)工(gong)作狀態時大于系(xi)統(tong)設置自動啟(qi)泵(beng)(beng)壓力值(zhi),且增加值(zhi)宜(yi)為0.07~0.10MPa。
3)穩壓泵的設計壓力(li)應保持系統(tong)最(zui)不利點處水滅火設施在(zai)準(zhun)工作狀態時(shi)的靜水壓力(li)應大于(yu)0.15MPa。
3、穩壓泵應采用(yong)(yong)自灌式吸水(shui)方式。采用(yong)(yong)天然水(shui)源時水(shui)泵的吸水(shui)口應采取防止(zhi)雜物堵塞(sai)的措施(shi)。