一、換電柜支持什么電動車
目前市面上換電柜的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)基本(ben)以鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)為主,只要騎手的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)支持鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),然后(hou)車(che)上放電(dian)(dian)(dian)口是(shi)品字口的(de)都適用,特殊(shu)定制的(de)車(che)/電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)/換電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜情況除(chu)外。
換(huan)電(dian)柜里面的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池都是(shi)帶有BMS保護板的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池,都是(shi)國家(jia)規定的(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun),滿足(zu)相關V數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)動車(che)(che),適合絕大部分(fen)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)池電(dian)動車(che)(che)使用。不適合使用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動車(che)(che),比如(ru)不滿足(zu)相關V數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)動車(che)(che)可以通過(guo)轉換(huan)頭對(dui)接使用,鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)動車(che)(che)或者電(dian)池尺寸(cun)不合適的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動車(che)(che)往(wang)往(wang)通過(guo)改裝實現換(huan)電(dian)服務。
二、送外賣用換電還是自己買鋰電池
1、價格成本對比
很多人會(hui)感覺自己(ji)(ji)買電池在(zai)家里(li)自己(ji)(ji)充電比較便宜,換電池肯定貴一些,其實可以算一下(xia)。
買電池成本:
一(yi)般(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)本身價(jia)格(ge)并不(bu)會(hui)太貴,很多從事外賣配送的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),都是(shi)(shi)會(hui)選(xuan)擇(ze)自己買(mai)個全新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)架(jia),基(ji)本上在(zai)1000元(yuan)~2000元(yuan),然后配上一(yi)個高(gao)續(xu)航(hang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)兩種選(xuan)擇(ze),鉛電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)便宜車(che)(che)體(ti)重(zhong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)受凍害影響大(da)(da),無(wu)法取出充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),影響車(che)(che)體(ti)壽(shou)命(ming),減(jian)振輪(lun)胎(tai)壽(shou)命(ming)短;鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)優點車(che)(che)體(ti)輕(qing),減(jian)振輪(lun)胎(tai)壽(shou)命(ming)延(yan)長,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可取下充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),安全性也比(bi)較穩定(ding),且續(xu)航(hang)優于(yu)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。所以跑外賣還是(shi)(shi)得用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),續(xu)航(hang)能力強。比(bi)如60V40AH的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),續(xu)航(hang)可以達到80~100公(gong)里(li),如果購(gou)買(mai),據了(le)解(jie),正規的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格(ge)一(yi)般(ban)大(da)(da)概在(zai)2000元(yuan)~3000元(yuan),至少能用(yong)2年,那么(me)(me)一(yi)年成本大(da)(da)概在(zai)1000~1500元(yuan),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)如果作為專業外賣配送的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話,一(yi)塊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)并不(bu)夠用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),所以至少需要2塊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)好換著(zhu)用(yong),那么(me)(me)一(yi)年電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)成本就是(shi)(shi)在(zai)2000~3000元(yuan),而60V40AH的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)次充(chong)滿(man)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費(fei)大(da)(da)概為1元(yuan)錢(qian),每(mei)天電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費(fei)為2元(yuan),一(yi)年為720元(yuan),那么(me)(me),“買(mai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”一(yi)年成本大(da)(da)概為2720~3720元(yuan)。
共享換電成本:
換(huan)(huan)電(dian)的支出主(zhu)要是押金(jin)(jin)+租金(jin)(jin)的組成,主(zhu)流的“換(huan)(huan)電(dian)”押金(jin)(jin)普通價格都在200元(yuan)~500元(yuan),針對押金(jin)(jin)如果平臺可(ke)以正(zheng)常運行,最終(zhong)都會(hui)退(tui)回,所以原則上(shang)不算成本。而(er)在“換(huan)(huan)電(dian)”租金(jin)(jin)費用上(shang),每(mei)個平臺不一(yi)樣,便(bian)宜點的每(mei)月(yue)100多(duo)元(yuan),貴(gui)一(yi)些(xie)的每(mei)月(yue)300多(duo)元(yuan),主(zhu)流收費檔(dang)次集(ji)中在200~300元(yuan)一(yi)個月(yue),那么一(yi)年的租金(jin)(jin)基(ji)本大(da)概在2400~3600元(yuan)。
自己買電(dian)池與換電(dian)價(jia)格成本(ben)對比,基(ji)本(ben)上相差不多(duo)。但換電(dian)的按(an)月(yue)套(tao)餐(can),一天費用在10元左右,關鍵是無(wu)限制次數的換電(dian),對于有些外(wai)賣(mai)跑單王來說(shuo),不要(yao)太劃算呦。
2、方便性對比
“買電(dian)(dian)池(chi)”:自(zi)己買電(dian)(dian)池(chi),最大的(de)(de)問題(ti)就(jiu)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)問題(ti),找到(dao)合適的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對于很多人就(jiu)是(shi)一個困擾。在(zai)(zai)門店充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)收費一般比較(jiao)貴(gui),而如(ru)果每(mei)天回家(jia)去(qu)充(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)(dian),也存在(zai)(zai)一定的(de)(de)不方(fang)便,時間成本會比較(jiao)高。若(ruo)樓下(xia)有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian),則需要考(kao)慮是(shi)否可(ke)以及時占到(dao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)位置。還有許多小(xiao)區電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施欠缺,再加上(shang)政(zheng)府嚴厲打擊電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車違規充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian),小(xiao)區電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)更(geng)是(shi)難上(shang)加難。但是(shi),如(ru)果花2000元~3000元購買的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi),每(mei)天只需要換(huan)電(dian)(dian)一次就(jiu)可(ke)以,這一點可(ke)能是(shi)優于大部分(fen)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)。
“換電”:換電最大的方便就是根本不用考慮充電問題,不用擔心續航問題,不用再為回家換電而煩惱,而且換電很快。換電站的(de)網點(dian)分布比較密集,電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)車(che)(che)行(xing)、外(wai)賣站(zhan)(zhan)點(dian)、熱門商(shang)圈等,一(yi)(yi)般都會鋪設換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜,每(mei)個(ge)換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)對應一(yi)(yi)個(ge)到多個(ge)換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜,每(mei)個(ge)換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜有4~8塊電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),非(fei)常(chang)的(de)方便(bian),隨用(yong)(yong)隨換(huan)(huan),無限續航(hang)。根據租賃的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)大小(xiao)及(ji)跑單距(ju)離(li),外(wai)賣小(xiao)哥每(mei)天可能要(yao)換(huan)(huan)1次到3次電(dian)(dian)(dian)左右(you)。停車(che)(che)、打(da)開車(che)(che)座、拎起電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、還(huan)上(shang)、掃(sao)碼(ma)、借出另一(yi)(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、放(fang)回車(che)(che)座內(nei)、鎖上(shang)車(che)(che)座……這些動(dong)作一(yi)(yi)氣呵成,不(bu)到10秒(miao)完成換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)全(quan)過程。換(huan)(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)就幾秒(miao)鐘,不(bu)用(yong)(yong)操心沒電(dian)(dian)(dian),有單子就能接(jie)。
對于外賣(mai)小哥來說,方便(bian)是(shi)真的非常非常重要,而“換電”模式(shi)之所以受歡迎,就是(shi)因為它解決了許多騎手小哥對于續航方便(bian)的渴求(qiu)。
3、安全性對比
電動車使用(yong)電池的(de)安全(quan),主要是充電安全(quan)和丟(diu)失的(de)安全(quan)。針對“換電”的(de)電池,充電安全(quan)不需要用(yong)戶考(kao)慮,而(er)丟(diu)失的(de)安全(quan)性,這些(xie)共享(xiang)電池都(dou)是有(you)統一(yi)的(de)品牌(pai)logo,且已全(quan)部物聯網化,具有(you)定位(wei)功能,管理員可遠程控制電池,有(you)效防盜。
而自己“買(mai)電(dian)(dian)池”,就必須要(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)充電(dian)(dian)安全和防盜問題,防盜的(de)(de)問題可以(yi)(yi)選擇購(gou)買(mai)保(bao)險的(de)(de)方式(shi)解決,但(dan)最大(da)的(de)(de)安全莫過于(yu)充電(dian)(dian)安全,最近幾年,全國(guo)各地累計發生了多起(qi)外賣小哥室內給電(dian)(dian)動車充電(dian)(dian),造成人員傷亡的(de)(de)情況出現。所以(yi)(yi),兩(liang)者對比,在安全方面,“換電(dian)(dian)”更有(you)優勢(shi)。