一、大提琴有幾根弦

大提琴有四根弦。

第一根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，為(wei)(wei)最細(xi)，發音華麗有力，富于歌唱性；第二根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)D弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，音色較朦朧；第三根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，低沉響(xiang)亮，能夠承(cheng)受樂(le)隊沉重(zhong)的音響(xiang)；第四根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)C弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，為(wei)(wei)最粗，更加低沉響(xiang)亮，能夠承(cheng)受樂(le)隊非常沉重(zhong)的音響(xiang)。

如果(guo)是低音(yin)(yin)提琴，四根弦(xian)(xian)分別是E、A、D、G，為了避免在(zai)低音(yin)(yin)譜表上過多(duo)地加線，其音(yin)(yin)響比實際記(ji)譜低一個(ge)八度，有(you)時加入(ru)第五根弦(xian)(xian)，定(ding)音(yin)(yin)為C。或在(zai)樂器的(de)(de)頸部(bu)加入(ru)一個(ge)機械裝置，加長E弦(xian)(xian)，使其可(ke)以演奏下面的(de)(de)C音(yin)(yin)。

二、大提琴如何裝弦定弦

1、大提琴每根弦(xian)(xian)(xian)應裝(zhuang)在規定(ding)的弦(xian)(xian)(xian)軸上，琴弦(xian)(xian)(xian)要按順序繞好。弦(xian)(xian)(xian)盡(jin)可能裝(zhuang)直，這樣弦(xian)(xian)(xian)不易松。切忌歪斜(xie)交錯，使弦(xian)(xian)(xian)互(hu)相牽(qian)制撥調(diao)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，弦(xian)(xian)(xian)穿(chuan)入軸孔后(hou)，扭動方(fang)向是(shi)由里向外，注意不要反扭。

2、為使調弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)便利(li)，大提(ti)琴裝弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時就(jiu)應(ying)調整好弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸的(de)方向、位置。定(ding)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時，一般先定(ding)準(zhun)大提(ti)琴A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)音(yin)高(gao)，然后根(gen)據(ju)A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)音(yin)高(gao)分別定(ding)D、E、G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。有時幾(ji)根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)動過以(yi)后，A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)音(yin)高(gao)會偏低，故(gu)需反(fan)復校對(dui)。

3、初學為大提琴定弦(xian)時，可先聽(ting)單(dan)音(yin)，待音(yin)高基本(ben)定準后，再同時拉兩根弦(xian)，并略微調整，直到(dao)音(yin)響完全(quan)諧和為止。

4、大提琴(qin)弦軸受(shou)氣(qi)候(hou)變化的影響會變緊變松(song)，使調弦不便(bian)。太(tai)(tai)緊時可用鉛筆(bi)芯涂(tu)軸，太(tai)(tai)松(song)時涂(tu)點松(song)香。