一、儲能企業有哪些類型
近年來,我國儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)發展迅速,種類(lei)逐漸增多,儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)大致可以分為(wei)三種,電(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng),氫氣以及熱儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng),其(qi)中,使用的最(zui)為(wei)廣(guang)泛的就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)指將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)從一(yi)個(ge)時間(jian)段(duan)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)存到另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)時間(jian)段(duan)的技術(shu)和過程(cheng)。通過在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng),儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統可以在需(xu)要時釋放電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng),以滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)力需(xu)求(qiu)。
因此,儲能企業也大致上可(ke)以(yi)分為電儲(chu)(chu)能企(qi)業(ye)、氫氣儲(chu)(chu)能企(qi)業(ye)以(yi)及熱儲(chu)(chu)能企(qi)業(ye)。
二、儲能企業的特點有哪些
1、科技屬性高并多依托科研機構
儲能(neng)(neng)是(shi)一個新的(de)行業,需(xu)求場(chang)景的(de)多元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)導致技術路線的(de)多元(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)。在實(shi)現技術到(dao)產(chan)品的(de)突破過程(cheng)中(zhong),需(xu)要(yao)具備研(yan)發(fa)能(neng)(neng)力,且研(yan)發(fa)周(zhou)期長、投入(ru)大。所以(yi),多數儲能(neng)(neng)企業的(de)技術源自或依托知名科研(yan)院(yuan)所,且科研(yan)院(yuan)所往往通(tong)過知識(shi)產(chan)權作價入(ru)股的(de)形(xing)式參(can)與到(dao)產(chan)業化(hua)中(zhong)來。此外,能(neng)(neng)夠走向應用的(de)儲能(neng)(neng)技術,其研(yan)究(jiu)團(tuan)隊(dui)也往往是(shi)該方向頂(ding)尖團(tuan)隊(dui),并經歷(li)十(shi)年以(yi)上的(de)持續研(yan)發(fa)歷(li)程(cheng)。
2、處在發展早期,企業發展存在不確定性
儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術大規模(mo)運用(yong)的(de)必(bi)然性與儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)企業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)不(bu)(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)性同時存(cun)在。從行業(ye)角度來看,儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)具備廣闊的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)空間,電(dian)化(hua)(hua)學儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)、壓縮空氣儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)飛輪(lun)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)等多(duo)種技(ji)術路線明確寫入國家規劃(hua),在國家電(dian)網公司的(de)主導下(xia),抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)已(yi)經大范圍(wei)加緊開(kai)工(gong)(gong)建設,但是對于(yu)新(xin)型(xing)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)術企業(ye)而言,不(bu)(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)性卻十分明顯。一(yi)是表現在技(ji)術研發(fa)的(de)不(bu)(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)性上,比如新(xin)型(xing)電(dian)池(chi)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)研發(fa),其材(cai)料體系(xi)的(de)設計到工(gong)(gong)程化(hua)(hua)、產品化(hua)(hua)需(xu)要較長周期(qi),目前已(yi)經相(xiang)對成(cheng)熟的(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)技(ji)術產業(ye)化(hua)(hua)歷程走過(guo)了長達30年儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)新(xin)材(cai)料為核心(xin)的(de)轉動(dong)系(xi)統,國產化(hua)(hua)還存(cun)在一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)障礙(ai),飛輪(lun)的(de)功率規模(mo)和(he)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性仍(reng)未能(neng)(neng)(neng)實現電(dian)網級應(ying)用(yong)。