一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽車機油泵按照(zhao)結構形式(shi)不(bu)同,分為兩大類型,分別(bie)是:
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒(chi)(chi)輪式(shi)機油泵由主(zhu)動(dong)軸(zhou)、主(zhu)動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪、從動(dong)軸(zhou)、從動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪、殼體等組(zu)成。兩(liang)個齒(chi)(chi)數相(xiang)(xiang)同的齒(chi)(chi)輪相(xiang)(xiang)互嚙(nie)合,裝在殼體內,齒(chi)(chi)輪與殼體的徑向和端面間隙很小。主(zhu)動(dong)軸(zhou)與主(zhu)動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪鍵連(lian)接,從動(dong)齒(chi)(chi)輪空套在從動(dong)軸(zhou)上。
工作時(shi),主動齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)帶(dai)動從動齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)反(fan)向旋轉。兩齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)旋轉時(shi),充滿(man)在(zai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)槽間的(de)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)沿油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)殼壁(bi)由(you)(you)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔帶(dai)到出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)腔,在(zai)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔一(yi)(yi)側(ce)由(you)(you)于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)脫開嚙合(he)以及機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶(dai)出(chu)而(er)(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)真空(kong),使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)底(di)殼內的(de)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)在(zai)大氣(qi)壓(ya)力作用(yong)下(xia)經(jing)集濾器進(jin)入(ru)(ru)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔,而(er)(er)在(zai)出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)腔一(yi)(yi)側(ce)由(you)(you)于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)嚙合(he)和機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶(dai)入(ru)(ru)而(er)(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)擠壓(ya)作用(yong),機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)以一(yi)(yi)定壓(ya)力被泵(beng)出(chu)。
一(yi)般(ban)嚙(nie)合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)機油(you)泵又分為內嚙(nie)合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)機油(you)泵與外(wai)嚙(nie)合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)機油(you)泵兩種類型。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)式(shi)機油泵(beng)是利用內(nei)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)壓送(song)潤滑油,又(you)叫次擺線(xian)齒輪泵(beng)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)式(shi)機油泵(beng)主要由(you)(you)內(nei)、外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi),機油泵(beng)體及機油泵(beng)蓋等(deng)零件組成。主動的(de)(de)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和從(cong)動的(de)(de)外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)都(dou)裝在(zai)(zai)機油泵(beng)殼體內(nei)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)有四(si)個凸齒,外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)有五個凹齒。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)固(gu)定在(zai)(zai)主動軸上,外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)油泵(beng)殼體內(nei)可以自(zi)由(you)(you)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動,兩者之間有一定的(de)(de)偏心(xin)距。
當油(you)泵工作時,內轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)帶動外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)向同(tong)一個(ge)方向轉(zhuan)動。由于兩個(ge)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的偏心距和(he)齒(chi)形(xing)輪廓確保了內外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)無論轉(zhuan)到(dao)任何角(jiao)度(du),各齒(chi)面之(zhi)間(jian)總是線接觸,這樣內外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)輪齒(chi)間(jian)便形(xing)成了四個(ge)工作腔。由于內轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)速大于外(wai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)速(傳(chuan)動比5:4),當某一工作腔從(cong)進油(you)道(dao)轉(zhuan)過時,轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)脫開嚙合(he),容(rong)積逐(zhu)(zhu)漸增大,產(chan)生真(zhen)空度(du),潤(run)滑油(you)便從(cong)進油(you)道(dao)被吸入(ru)。轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)繼續(xu)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan),潤(run)滑油(you)被帶到(dao)出(chu)油(you)道(dao)另一側,這時轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)進入(ru)嚙合(he),油(you)腔容(rong)積逐(zhu)(zhu)漸減小(xiao),油(you)壓升高(gao),使油(you)從(cong)齒(chi)間(jian)擠出(chu),經出(chu)油(you)道(dao)送(song)出(chu)。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪(lun)式(shi)機油(you)泵和轉子式(shi)機油(you)泵對比(bi)起來,各有(you)各的特點:
齒(chi)輪(lun)式機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)由于結(jie)構簡單,制造較(jiao)容易,并且工作可靠,是(shi)應用最(zui)為廣泛(fan)的一種機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)。轉子式機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)結(jie)構緊湊,吸油(you)(you)真空(kong)度較(jiao)高(gao),泵(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)量較(jiao)大,且供油(you)(you)均勻,當機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)安裝在曲軸箱(xiang)外且位置較(jiao)高(gao)時,用此(ci)種機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)較(jiao)為合適。