一、電力電容器常見的規格和型號
1、電力電容器的規格
(1)額定電壓:電容(rong)器有高壓電容(rong)器、低(di)壓電容(rong)器之分。以低(di)壓電容(rong)器為例,常見額(e)定電壓等級有250V、440V、480V、525V、690V等。
(2)額定容量:電力電容(rong)器的額定容(rong)量(liang),一(yi)般在(zai)10Kvar-60Kvar之間。常見的額定容(rong)量(liang)有10Kvar、15Kvar、20Kvar、25Kvar、30Kvar、40Kvar、50Kvar、60Kvar等。
(3)相數:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)有三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)和單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。進行(xing)無功(gong)補償的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi),多為三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。當企業需(xu)要進行(xing)分相補償時,就需(xu)要使用單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。
2、電力電容器常見的型號
在(zai)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統中,我(wo)們(men)經常會看(kan)到以下電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)型號。BZMJ系(xi)(xi)列電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),代(dai)表油式介質的(de)并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),幾乎被市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)淘汰;BKMJ系(xi)(xi)列電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),代(dai)表干式硅(gui)油介質的(de)并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),它在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中應用較多;BSMJ系(xi)(xi)列電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),代(dai)表微晶蠟填(tian)充(chong)的(de)并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)中有(you)不少企業(ye)在(zai)使用;AKMJ/ASMJ系(xi)(xi)列電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),代(dai)表硅(gui)油/微晶蠟填(tian)充(chong)的(de)濾(lv)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi),它們(men)可以在(zai)有(you)諧波(bo)的(de)場(chang)(chang)景中使用。
二、電力電容器型號介紹
1、BZMJ系列電容器
介(jie)質:油式、介(jie)質為菜籽油或(huo)色拉(la)油(C蓖麻油)。
特點:是(shi)電(dian)(dian)容的(de)發(fa)展初期采用(yong)的(de)一種(zhong)產品,由于油(you)式電(dian)(dian)容在使用(yong)過程中受熱(re)膨脹,會使電(dian)(dian)容的(de)外殼變形(xing),從密封處滲出,對(dui)環境污染較(jiao)大,嚴重時造(zao)成短路引起其他(ta)元(yuan)器件的(de)損(sun)毀。
市(shi)場(chang):部分廠家維修需(xu)要,市(shi)場(chang)還(huan)有少量需(xu)求,但需(xu)求量很小,不建議使(shi)用。
2、BKMJ系列電容器
介(jie)質(zhi):干(gan)式、介(jie)質(zhi)為硅油(you)。
特點:經(jing)過(guo)(guo)熱(re)定(ding)型成為固態,因為是熱(re)定(ding)型在用電負(fu)荷較大投切頻繁,電容器(qi)過(guo)(guo)熱(re)不會有液(ye)態流出。起到環(huan)保(bao)的作用,國家定(ding)為國標型電容,屬通用型電容器(qi)。
市場:目前市場應用較多,性價(jia)比好,推薦使用。
3、BSMJ系列電容器
介質(zhi):相(xiang)對干(gan)式、介質(zhi)為一種工業蠟(la)(微晶蠟(la))。
特點:是油式電(dian)容向干式電(dian)容過度的(de)一種產品,在(zai)電(dian)容過熱(re),介質會液(ye)化成液(ye)態,如有(you)滲漏對環(huan)境有(you)一定污(wu)染(ran)。
市(shi)場:目前市(shi)場應用較(jiao)多(duo),推薦(jian)使用。
4、MKP系列電容器
介質:進口(kou)德國創斯普基材、圓柱形。
特(te)點:超低壓(ya)(ya)自動拉(la)斷內(nei)部安全裝置,圓柱式,真空灌封(feng)技術,電容器內(nei)充特(te)殊(shu)的保(bao)(bao)護介(jie)質,不泄漏、安全環保(bao)(bao);避免環境污染(ran)當過電壓(ya)(ya)所(suo)造(zao)成的介(jie)質局部擊穿(chuan)能迅速自我修(xiu)復(fu),恢復(fu)正常工作。內(nei)充入可降解的軟樹(shu)脂,體積小、重量輕等。
市場:是(shi)未來電容器換代產品。
5、MKK系列電容器
介質:惰(duo)性(xing)氣(qi)體N2。
特點:穩定性(xing)/可(ke)靠性(xing)及更高的浪涌電(dian)流耐(nai)受(shou)能力。電(dian)容器是(shi)在真空環境(jing)下灌注電(dian)介(jie)質材(cai)料并注入惰性(xing)氣體(ti),采(cai)用圓柱形鋁殼(ke)封裝,具有(you)高可(ke)靠性(xing)、低(di)成本、散熱性(xing)能好(hao)以(yi)及安裝簡便等優點。
市場(chang):目前(qian)市場(chang)應用較少。
6、AKMJ/ASMJ系列電容器
性能:濾波型、屬特殊電(dian)容器。
特點:和(he)電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)一起運用在濾波工程中(zhong)起到濾波作用抵抗(kang)3、5、7.....次諧(xie)波。電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)本身不能起到濾波作用,是增加了膜(mo)的(de)厚(hou)度(du)和(he)單元之間的(de)距離(li),使電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)膜(mo)抗(kang)擊穿能力更強。
市場:應用在部分(fen)高(gao)端項(xiang)目,比較(jiao)少。
三、電力電容器的單相電容值是多少
電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)容器的單相電(dian)(dian)容值(zhi)通常取決于(yu)其設計、應用場景和額定電(dian)(dian)壓等因素。以下(xia)是有關電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)容器單相電(dian)(dian)容值(zhi)的一些關鍵信息:
1、電容值計算公式
對于三相電力系統(tong)中的單相電容器,電容值(zhi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過以(yi)(yi)下公(gong)式計算:
其中:
C是電容值(zhi)(單位:法拉,F)
Q是電容(rong)器的無功功率(lv)(單位:乏,VAR)
f是電網的(de)頻率(單位:赫(he)茲,Hz,通常為50Hz或60Hz)
U是電容器(qi)的額定(ding)電壓(單(dan)位(wei):伏特,V)
2、常見電容值范圍
根據不同(tong)的(de)應用場景,電力電容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)單相(xiang)電容(rong)(rong)值會有所(suo)不同(tong),但通常的(de)范圍如(ru)下(xia):
低壓電力電容(rong)器(400V、450V、690V等(deng)):單相(xiang)電容(rong)值通常在幾(ji)(ji)十微法到幾(ji)(ji)千微法(μF)的范(fan)圍內。
高壓(ya)電(dian)力電(dian)容器(6.6kV、10kV、35kV等):單相電(dian)容值一般較小,通常在幾微法到幾百微法(μF)的范(fan)圍內。
3、實際電容值示例
例如(ru),額定(ding)電壓(ya)為400V、無功(gong)功(gong)率為10kVAR的電容器,其單相電容值(zhi)可以通過上(shang)述(shu)公式(shi)計(ji)算得出。
如果電網頻率(lv)為50Hz,計算(suan)如下:
所以(yi),在(zai)400V、50Hz的(de)情(qing)況下(xia),單相電容器的(de)電容值(zhi)約為198.94μF。
4、單相與三相系統的區別
在三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)中,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器通常以三(san)相星(xing)形或三(san)角(jiao)形連接來進行無功功率補償。每個(ge)相的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值取決于總的(de)無功功率要求(qiu)和額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值只是系統(tong)中的(de)一個(ge)部分(fen),因此不同的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)中單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容值會有(you)所不同。
電力電容器的(de)單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)值主要取決于其(qi)無功(gong)功(gong)率、額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)網頻率。在實際應用中(zhong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器的(de)單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)值可以通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)計算(suan)公(gong)式確定,常(chang)(chang)見的(de)低壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)值通(tong)常(chang)(chang)在幾十到(dao)幾千微法(fa)之間,而高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器的(de)單相電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)值則較小。