一、電力電容器里面是什么材料

電力電容器內部主(zhu)要由電(dian)(dian)極(ji)和介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)構成。電(dian)(dian)極(ji)通(tong)常使用金屬箔(bo)，介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)則用于隔(ge)(ge)離電(dian)(dian)極(ji)并固定電(dian)(dian)場(chang)。金屬箔(bo)之間通(tong)過(guo)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)隔(ge)(ge)離，這樣就形成了電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)場(chang)。介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)通(tong)常被涂(tu)覆在(zai)箔(bo)上，或者為箔(bo)包裹在(zai)中間層。介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)料(liao)也稱為電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的絕緣材(cai)料(liao)。

1、金屬箔

金屬箔(bo)(bo)是(shi)電(dian)容器(qi)的(de)電(dian)極，用于傳遞電(dian)荷。箔(bo)(bo)通常使用鋁箔(bo)(bo)或銅(tong)箔(bo)(bo)，表面被涂覆了一層氧化(hua)物。這層氧化(hua)物的(de)作用是(shi)防止金屬腐蝕，并且增加硬度和(he)耐磨性。金屬箔(bo)(bo)的(de)寬度和(he)長度通常根據需要進行定制。

2、介電材料

介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)料是電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器的(de)重要組成部分，它用于(yu)隔離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極并固定電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)料應具有(you)高(gao)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)常數和低損耗角正(zheng)切值(zhi)，這樣(yang)它就可以將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場集中在箔之間(jian)，從而(er)增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)。常用的(de)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)料有(you)聚丙烯、聚酯、陶瓷、瓷紙(zhi)等。

二、電力電容器里面有銅嗎

通常情況下，電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容器中(zhong)(zhong)不含(han)(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)元素。雖然一(yi)些金(jin)屬箔(bo)是由涂有銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的鋁箔(bo)制(zhi)成(cheng)，但(dan)涂層為了防(fang)止氧化往往只是非常薄(bo)的一(yi)層，含(han)(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)量非常小(xiao)，對電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容器的整體材料成(cheng)分影(ying)響極小(xiao)。電(dian)(dian)介質也(ye)一(yi)般不含(han)(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)元素，因(yin)此電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容器中(zhong)(zhong)的主要材料并不包括(kuo)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)。

三、電力電容器里面的液體是什么東西

電容(rong)器(qi)運行時出現的液(ye)體(ti)，是電容(rong)器(qi)的浸漬介質。采(cai)用(yong)蓖麻油(you)(you)、礦物油(you)(you)等(deng)油(you)(you)脂(zhi)作為(wei)浸漬介質的電力電容(rong)器(qi)，滲(shen)漏(lou)出來(lai)的液(ye)體(ti)是絕緣油(you)(you)。采(cai)用(yong)微晶蠟作為(wei)浸漬介質的電容(rong)器(qi)，滲(shen)漏(lou)出來(lai)的液(ye)體(ti)是液(ye)態蠟。當電容(rong)器(qi)發生著(zhu)火、爆炸(zha)事(shi)故(gu)時，這些液(ye)體(ti)會起到助燃(ran)作用(yong)。

1、絕緣油填充的電容器

在(zai)市面上，有不(bu)少絕緣(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)填(tian)充(chong)的油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)式(shi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。在(zai)油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)式(shi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)，主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)礦物油(you)(you)(you)、植(zhi)物油(you)(you)(you)等填(tian)充(chong)。當油(you)(you)(you)浸(jin)(jin)式(shi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)運行時(shi)出現(xian)漏(lou)液(ye)現(xian)象，一(yi)般是(shi)填(tian)充(chong)的絕緣(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)泄漏(lou)。當電(dian)力電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出現(xian)漏(lou)油(you)(you)(you)的話，不(bu)僅會(hui)造成內(nei)部(bu)(bu)絕緣(yuan)水平降低，還(huan)會(hui)造成外部(bu)(bu)潮氣侵入(ru)，同時(shi)會(hui)引起(qi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕緣(yuan)受潮、絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻降低，進而導致(zhi)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)元(yuan)件的擊穿(chuan)放電(dian)，甚(shen)至發生爆(bao)炸。

2、微晶石蠟填充的電容器

由于油浸式電容器存在滲漏油、易燃等風險，不少電力電容器廠家開始用(yong)微晶(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)蠟(la)(la)代替絕緣油。而微晶(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)蠟(la)(la)在(zai)常溫(wen)下為(wei)固體，不會(hui)出現漏液現象；但是電容(rong)器(qi)運行(xing)時會(hui)產(chan)生熱量(liang)，這(zhe)會(hui)導致微晶(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)蠟(la)(la)溶解(jie)變(bian)為(wei)液態；而溶解(jie)后的微晶(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)蠟(la)(la)和電容(rong)器(qi)金屬(shu)化(hua)膜結(jie)構相似，會(hui)起到溶脹(zhang)作用(yong)，進而導致電容(rong)器(qi)介(jie)質損耗增加，甚至導致電力電容(rong)器(qi)損壞(huai)。