【電飯(fan)煲(bao)常見(jian)(jian)故障及維(wei)修】電飯(fan)煲(bao)工(gong)作原理 常見(jian)(jian)故障電飯(fan)煲(bao)維(wei)修方(fang)法
電飯煲工作原理
一、各功能塊的基本原理流程
·煮飯
插上(shang)電(dian)源線,按下煮飯(fan)按鈕,普(pu)通(tong)機械型電(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(bao)(bao)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組件(jian)限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)吸(xi)合,帶動(dong)(dong)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組件(jian)杠桿(gan),使微動(dong)(dong)開(kai)(kai)關從(cong)(cong)斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)轉到(dao)(dao)(dao)閉(bi)合狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai),從(cong)(cong)而(er)接通(tong)發(fa)熱(re)(re)盤(pan)組件(jian)的電(dian)源,發(fa)熱(re)(re)盤(pan)組件(jian)通(tong)電(dian)發(fa)熱(re)(re),由(you)于發(fa)熱(re)(re)盤(pan)與煲(bao)(bao)(bao)膽(dan)(內(nei)鍋(guo))充分(fen)接觸,熱(re)(re)量(liang)很快傳(chuan)導到(dao)(dao)(dao)煲(bao)(bao)(bao)膽(dan)(內(nei)鍋(guo)),煲(bao)(bao)(bao)膽(dan)(內(nei)鍋(guo))也把(ba)相(xiang)應(ying)的熱(re)(re)量(liang)傳(chuan)導到(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)和水,使米(mi)和水受(shou)熱(re)(re)升溫(wen)(wen)至沸騰(teng);由(you)于水的沸騰(teng)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)是100℃,維持(chi)沸騰(teng),這時(shi)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組件(jian)限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)平(ping)衡,維持(chi)沸騰(teng)一段時(shi)間后,煲(bao)(bao)(bao)膽(dan)(內(nei)鍋(guo))里的水已基本被(bei)米(mi)吸(xi)干,而(er)且鍋(guo)底(di)(di)部的米(mi)粒有(you)可(ke)能連同糊(hu)精粘到(dao)(dao)(dao)鍋(guo)底(di)(di)形成一個熱(re)(re)隔(ge)離層,因(yin)此(ci),煲(bao)(bao)(bao)膽(dan)(內(nei)鍋(guo))底(di)(di)部會以(yi)較(jiao)快的速度(du),由(you)100℃上(shang)升到(dao)(dao)(dao)102℃±2℃,相(xiang)應(ying)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組件(jian)限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)從(cong)(cong)110℃上(shang)升到(dao)(dao)(dao)145℃左(zuo)右,熱(re)(re)敏磁塊感應(ying)到(dao)(dao)(dao)相(xiang)應(ying)溫(wen)(wen)度(du),失去磁性(xing)不吸(xi)合,從(cong)(cong)而(er)推動(dong)(dong)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組件(jian)連桿(gan)機構(gou)帶動(dong)(dong)杠桿(gan)支架,把(ba)微動(dong)(dong)開(kai)(kai)頭從(cong)(cong)閉(bi)合轉為斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai),斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)熱(re)(re)盤(pan)組件(jian)的電(dian)源,從(cong)(cong)而(er)實現電(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(bao)(bao)(鍋(guo))的自動(dong)(dong)限(xian)溫(wen)(wen);進入保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)(tai),燜飯(fan)10分(fen)鐘后,方(fang)可(ke)食用。
·保溫
(雙金屬片(pian))—電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(鍋)煮(zhu)好米(mi)飯(fan)后,進入保溫(wen)(wen)過程(cheng),隨著時(shi)間推(tui)移(yi),米(mi)飯(fan)的溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang),雙金屬片(pian)溫(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)的溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)隨著下降(jiang),當雙金屬片(pian)溫(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)到 54℃左右(you),雙金屬片(pian)恢復原形,雙金屬片(pian)溫(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)觸點導(dao)通(tong),發(fa)熱(re)(re)盤組件通(tong)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)熱(re)(re),溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)上升(sheng),雙金屬片(pian)溫(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)達到69℃左右(you),雙金屬片(pian)溫(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)斷開,溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang),重復上述過程(cheng),實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(鍋)的自動保溫(wen)(wen)功(gong)(gong)能。煮(zhu)粥(煲(bao)湯)采用雙發(fa)熱(re)(re)管加熱(re)(re),通(tong)過微動開關感應(ying)水的溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)實(shi)現大小功(gong)(gong)率的轉換(huan),從而實(shi)現開始大功(gong)(gong)率加熱(re)(re),水接近沸(fei)騰后轉換(huan)為小功(gong)(gong)率加熱(re)(re)。
·煮飯
插上電源線,按啟動鍵,電飯煲開始工作,微電腦檢測主溫控器的溫度和上蓋傳感器溫度,當相應溫度符合工作溫度范圍,接通發熱盤組件電源,發熱盤組件上電發熱。由于發熱盤組件與煲膽(內鍋)充分接觸,熱量很快傳到煲膽(內鍋)上,煲膽(內鍋)把相應的熱量傳到米和水中,米水開始加熱,隨著米水加熱升溫,水分開始蒸發,上蓋傳感器溫度升高,當微電腦檢測到煲膽(內鍋)米水沸騰時,調整電飯煲的(de)加熱功率(微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦根據(ju)一(yi)段時間溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)變化情(qing)況(kuang),判斷(duan)加熱的(de)米(mi)水(shui)量情(qing)況(kuang)),從(cong)而保(bao)證(zheng)湯水(shui)不(bu)(bu)溢出,當沸騰一(yi)段時間后,水(shui)分蒸發和煲膽(內鍋)里的(de)水(shui)被米(mi)基本吸干(gan),而且煲膽(內鍋)底(di)(di)部的(de)米(mi)粒有可能連同糊精粘到(dao)鍋底(di)(di)形成一(yi)個熱隔離層;因此,鍋底(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)會以較快速(su)度(du)(du)(du)上升(sheng),相應主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)也會以較快溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)上升(sheng),當微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦檢測主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)達到(dao)限溫(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du),微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦驅動(dong)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)斷(duan)開發熱盤(pan)組件(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源,發熱盤(pan)組件(jian)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)(bu)發熱,進(jin)入(ru)燜飯(fan)狀(zhuang)態(tai),燜飯(fan)結束后轉入(ru)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
·保溫
在保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)狀態(tai),隨著時間推移,煲(bao)膽(內鍋(guo))里的(de)米飯(fan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下降(jiang),使主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下降(jiang),當(dang)微電(dian)腦檢(jian)測主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下降(jiang)到保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du),驅動發(fa)(fa)熱盤(pan)(pan)組件的(de)電(dian)源,重新上電(dian)加熱,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)上升(sheng),主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)也隨之(zhi)升(sheng)高;當(dang)微電(dian)腦檢(jian)測到主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)升(sheng)高,發(fa)(fa)熱盤(pan)(pan)組件斷電(dian)降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen),主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)下降(jiang),重復上述循環(huan),使電(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)維持在保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過程。
·立體保溫
立體加熱(re)與(yu)單加熱(re)的相比的優點:使用立體加熱(re)在煮熟飯后不(bu)易產生(sheng)冷凝(ning)水(shui)(shui),保溫(wen)過(guo)程不(bu)會出現冷凝(ning)水(shui)(shui)滴(di)落泡(pao)白米飯現象,保溫(wen)米飯均勻一致。
二、主要控制的元器件功能介紹
a、控溫器
溫控調節(jie)處(chu),必須用(yong) 704硅膠膠好!該(gai)處(chu)米粒一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)的絕(jue)緣顆(ke)粒,一(yi)(yi)定(ding)不能少(shao)!出現糊鍋的現象(xiang),可以稍微調節(jie)該(gai)處(chu)!逆時針旋轉控制轉保溫溫度(du)升高!反之則降低!
b、限溫器
該處磁鋼必須跳動靈活。
c、微動開關
電(dian)飯煲/電(dian)飯鍋(guo)通常使用的微(wei)動開(kai)關為以下兩(liang)種。
d、溫敏電阻
電飯(fan)煲常見的(de)感溫電阻為以下(xia)幾種,分別 192℃±4、185℃±4,142℃±4,注(zhu)意連接的(de)方向。
e、電腦板
繼電器(qi) CPU。
f、煲底傳感器組件
接熔斷體,通電源(yuan)火線 L!接溫(wen)敏(min)電阻(zu)(傳(chuan)感器)溫(wen)敏(min)電阻(zu)、熔斷體在里面,接觸該外殼。
g、發熱絲。
h、煲頂(ding)發熱絲組件(jian)。
三、常見故障電飯煲維修方法
(一)、煮飯不熟
煮飯(fan)后未燜(men)飯(fan); 發熱盤組(zu)件(jian)或(huo)內鍋變形;
發熱盤(pan)組件與內鍋間有異物;
磁鋼限溫器組件不良;(機(ji)械煲)微動開關不良;(機械煲) 溫控器或電腦板故障;(電(dian)子電(dian)腦(nao)煲(bao))
(二)、煮焦飯
用戶要求(qiu)高及產品(pin)米質差異;
磁鋼限溫器組件杠桿(gan)動作不良;(機械煲)微動開關不良;(機(ji)械煲(bao))磁鋼限(xian)溫器。
組件不良或主(zhu)溫控器損壞;
雙金屬片動作不良;(機(ji)械煲)
電腦板損壞;(電(dian)子電(dian)腦煲)
涂層破壞;
(三)、煮飯(粥)溢出
用(yong)戶(hu)米水量放置偏差大 部分(fen)米質易出現(xian)溢出。
部分(fen)產品防溢(yi)性稍差。
微動開關(guan)感溫(wen)不良。
上蓋(gai)熱敏電阻(zu)感溫不良。
(四)、煮粥效果不良
—微動開關(YNB)不(bu)良或在熱態斷開狀態;
—1小時(shi)(shi)粥(zhou)與兩小時(shi)(shi)粥(zhou)功能差別;
—煮粥過程(cheng)經常打開上(shang)蓋;
—電(dian)控、溫度傳感(gan)器故障;
(五)、燒保險
內鍋變形、內鍋掛鍋導致傳熱不良。
鍋底、發熱盤組(zu)件異物導致傳熱不(bu)良。
注意(yi):電(dian)飯(fan)煲產品在使(shi)用過程易(yi)出現內鍋(guo)及發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)變(bian)形或發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與內鍋(guo)間有雜物,使(shi)得內鍋(guo)與發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)弧度不(bu)吻合導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)傳熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)良。因此(ci)在出現煮飯(fan)不(bu)熟、燒保險(xian)、發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)熔化(hua)的故障時,首先檢查內鍋(guo)、發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)否變(bian)形導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)出現傳熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)良現象。而不(bu)能(neng)僅憑(ping)故障現象就去更換溫控器、保險(xian)絲、發熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian),這樣會導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)故障再次(ci)出現。
四、相關參數附表:
三)顯示故障判斷及維修方法
這種型號(hao)的(de)電腦電飯鍋,功能齊全、操作簡便(bian)、顯示明了,我們可以(yi)通過(guo)其(qi)顯示的(de)數字及符(fu)號(hao)來判斷其(qi)大致的(de)故障,如(ru)下表(biao):
顯示故障維修方法
E-2
1、煲底(di)傳感器斷開(kai)或燒壞;
2、煲底傳感器連接(jie)到電(dian)路(lu)板上的端子(zi)松脫;
3、煲(bao)底傳感器(qi)的接線斷開(kai);
4、煲底、煲頂傳(chuan)感器同時斷開(kai);
維修方法:
1、更換(huan)煲底傳感器;
2、將煲底傳感器連接好到電路板上(shang),保證其接通;
3、將煲底傳感器(qi)的接線連(lian)接好
4、分別將煲底、煲頂(ding)傳感(gan)器連接(jie)好到(dao)電路板上;
E-1
1、煲底(di)傳感器短路;
2、煲底傳感器連接到電(dian)路板上的端(duan)子(zi)處短(duan)接;
維修方法:
1、更換(huan)煲底(di)傳感器;
2、將煲底傳感器連接好到電路板上,保證其(qi)接通;
E-4
1、煲頂傳感器斷開或(huo)燒壞(huai);
2、煲頂傳(chuan)感器(qi)連接到電(dian)路板上的端子松脫;
3、煲(bao)頂傳感器的接線斷開;
維修方法:
1、更換(huan)煲頂(ding)傳感器;
2、將煲頂傳感器連接好(hao)到電路板(ban)上,保證其接通;
3、將煲頂傳(chuan)感器的接線連接好;
E-3
1、煲頂傳感器短路;
2、煲(bao)頂傳感器連接(jie)到電路(lu)板上的端子處(chu)短接(jie);
維修方法:
1、更換煲(bao)頂傳感(gan)器;
2、將煲(bao)頂傳感器連接好(hao)到電路板上,保證其接通;
注意:以上都(dou)是(shi)在(zai)剛接通電源或工作過(guo)程中的情(qing)況下出現的。
四)常見判斷故障及原因:
1、若電(dian)飯鍋(guo)面板無顯示,操作(zuo)無響應(ying)則檢(jian)查;
①電源連接器是否開路;
②熱保險絲斷;
③分壓電阻(zu)松動(dong),斷線,接插不良。
2、面板可操(cao)作,但(dan)不煮飯,不發熱
①發熱板壞,更換發熱板;
②電(dian)腦板壞,更(geng)換相(xiang)應(ying)型號電(dian)腦板。
3、煮飯按啟動鍵后,自動退(tui)出
①電飯煲煲底傳感器(qi)開路或短(duan)路或插(cha)接不良。
②煲蓋傳感器(qi)開(kai)路或短路或插接不良。
4、電飯鍋煮(zhu)不熟飯或煮(zhu)粥明顯(xian)溢出
①煲底煲蓋傳感(gan)器(qi)裝(zhuang)配(pei)不當,感(gan)溫(wen)不良(liang),應檢查每(mei)個傳感(gan)器(qi)是否裝(zhuang)配(pei)良(liang)好
②鍋膽(dan)是否變形(xing) ③菜單(dan)選擇(ze)錯誤。
F5、F1、FS7系列故障檢(jian)查。