一、換向器有什么作用
換向器主(zhu)要有(you)鉤型、槽型、平面(mian)型等規(gui)格。由進口原材料精制而成,產品(pin)功能在國際上提高了前(qian)輩的(de)水平,廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于電(dian)動工具、家(jia)電(dian)產品(pin)、汽車(che)、摩托車(che)電(dian)機等領(ling)域(yu);集電(dian)環、碳刷臺、接線(xian)板有(you)各種規(gui)格型號(hao)的(de)產品(pin)。應(ying)用(yong)于汽車(che)發(fa)電(dian)機、汽油(you)發(fa)電(dian)機等領(ling)域(yu)。那么換向器的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)什么呢(ni)?
換向(xiang)器是起整流作(zuo)用(yong),其作(zuo)用(yong)是使電(dian)(dian)樞(shu)繞組中的(de)電(dian)(dian)流方向(xiang)是交(jiao)變(bian)的(de),以保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)轉(zhuan)矩方向(xiang)始終不變(bian)。在發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機中,換向(xiang)器能使元件中的(de)交(jiao)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)勢變(bian)為電(dian)(dian)刷間直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)勢;在電(dian)(dian)念頭中它能使外加直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)流變(bian)為元件中的(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)流,產生(sheng)恒定(ding)方向(xiang)的(de)轉(zhuan)矩。
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二、換向器工作原理是什么
當線(xian)圈通(tong)(tong)過電(dian)流(liu)后(hou),會(hui)在永久磁鐵的作用下,通(tong)(tong)過吸引和排斥力轉動,當它轉到(dao)和磁鐵平衡時,原來通(tong)(tong)著(zhu)電(dian)的線(xian)較(jiao)對(dui)應換向器上(shang)的觸片(pian)就(jiu)與電(dian)刷分離開,而電(dian)刷連接到(dao)符合產(chan)生推(tui)動力的那組線(xian)圈對(dui)應的觸片(pian)上(shang),這樣不停地(di)重(zhong)復下去,直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)動機就(jiu)轉起來了。
如果沒有換向器的作用,那電(dian)機只能(neng)轉(zhuan)不(bu)到半圈就卡死了,只能(neng)當作電(dian)剎車了。
三、換向器表面最大功率為何值
Pnx小于50~200瓦每平方厘米。最大(da)功率(lv)取(qu)決(jue)于換向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)的(de)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓和輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)。一般來(lai)說(shuo),換向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)的(de)最大(da)功率(lv)是(shi)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓乘(cheng)(cheng)以輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)的(de)乘(cheng)(cheng)積。因此,換向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)的(de)最大(da)功率(lv)可(ke)以通過(guo)測量(liang)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)壓和輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)來(lai)確定。
要(yao)(yao)計(ji)算(suan)換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv),首先(xian)需要(yao)(yao)測(ce)量換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。可(ke)(ke)以使用專(zhuan)業的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表(biao)(biao)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)(biao)來測(ce)量換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。測(ce)量完(wan)成后,可(ke)(ke)以使用計(ji)算(suan)器(qi)(qi)計(ji)算(suan)換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。另外,換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)也可(ke)(ke)以通過(guo)查看換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)規格書來確定。最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)是(shi)(shi)指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源在單位時間內,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路元件上能(neng)量的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)變化量,是(shi)(shi)具有(you)大(da)(da)小及正(zheng)負(fu)的(de)(de)物理量。在這(zhe)里特指最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)輸出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)越大(da)(da),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源所能(neng)負(fu)載的(de)(de)設備也就(jiu)越多。
四、換向器的材料有哪些
換(huan)向器(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)多采(cai)用半(ban)塑型換(huan)向器(qi)(qi)(qi),由(you)塑料殼體(ti)、銅質換(huan)向片、云母片間(jian)(jian)絕緣及金屬襯套組成,如下圖。由(you)于片間(jian)(jian)絕緣仍為云母片,不是全部為塑料,故稱半(ban)塑換(huan)向器(qi)(qi)(qi)。小的換(huan)向器(qi)(qi)(qi)可以沒有金屬襯套。
換向片大多用(yong)電解(jie)銅制(zhi)成,對耐磨性(xing)及表面(mian)軟化溫(wen)度有更高要求的換向器可采(cai)用(yong)銀(yin)銅或鎘銅。