一、換向器怎么測量好壞

換向器，亦稱“整流子”。直流電機和交流換向器電動機電樞上的一個重要部件。那么換向器怎么測量好壞呢？

1、換向器片間電阻測量

測量換向器(qi)片(pian)(pian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)阻，能發現電(dian)(dian)樞繞組是否(fou)斷(duan)線、開焊和匝間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)短路，升高片(pian)(pian)是否(fou)斷(duan)裂以及(ji)是否(fou)存在換向器(qi)片(pian)(pian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)短路，片(pian)(pian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)阻檢查通常采(cai)(cai)用降壓法(fa)，也可采(cai)(cai)用專用片(pian)(pian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)阻測量儀。

2、換向器擺渡測量

當換向(xiang)器(qi)變形或偏心時(shi)，在運行時(shi)將(jiang)會使電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷跳動(dong)，滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸都不理想，超過一(yi)定數值后，將(jiang)導致(zhi)換向(xiang)器(qi)惡化。高(gao)速電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)和多種路電(dian)(dian)(dian)樞繞組電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)更為(wei)敏感。

二、換向器磨損到什么程度不能用

換向器在使用過(guo)程中，磨損是避(bi)免(mian)不了的，那么(me)換向器磨損到(dao)什(shen)么(me)程度不能用呢(ni)？

換(huan)向器(qi)磨損到相距引線4~5mm時不能用(yong)，換(huan)向器(qi)表面(mian)深(shen)度大(da)于0.5mm時應更換(huan)。對于正常(chang)用(yong)到的電機，不管其磨損程度如何，均(jun)應定期（一般兩年）更換(huan)電刷和換(huan)向器(qi)。無(wu)論是有刷電動(dong)車電機還是無(wu)刷電動(dong)車電機，其輸(shu)入電流(liu)過大(da)都(dou)市影響使用(yong)性能。

電機的電(dian)壓是(shi)通過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)供給的。控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)內(nei)的電(dian)子組(zu)件老化會導致輸入電(dian)機的電(dian)流變(bian)大(da)。因此須要對(dui)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)展(zhan)開檢(jian)查，必要時更換控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)。定期對(dui)電(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)機齒輪(lun)、滾珠(zhu)軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)及(ji)減速(su)零部件展(zhan)開潤(run)滑，若齒輪(lun)及(ji)滾珠(zhu)軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)外(wai)套磨損(sun)過大(da)、防振(zhen)片變(bian)形、彈(dan)簧性能下滑或折斷均應更換控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)。