一、氣缸種類有哪些
氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)是引導活(huo)(huo)塞在缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)內(nei)(nei)進(jin)行(xing)直(zhi)線(xian)往(wang)復運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)圓筒形(xing)金(jin)屬機(ji)(ji)件,主要(yao)用于將壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)壓(ya)力轉(zhuan)化為機(ji)(ji)械(xie)能,它的(de)種類(lei)眾多,按(an)(an)照(zhao)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)分(fen)類(lei)方法可(ke)分(fen)為不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)型:1、按(an)(an)作(zuo)用形(xing)式(shi)(shi)分(fen):(1)單作(zuo)用氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)活(huo)(huo)塞只能單向(xiang)受氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong),反向(xiang)時需要(yao)借助外力。(2)雙(shuang)作(zuo)用氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)活(huo)(huo)塞在正、反兩個方向(xiang)上(shang)都靠(kao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。2、按(an)(an)安裝形(xing)式(shi)(shi)分(fen):(1)固(gu)定(ding)式(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)固(gu)定(ding)不(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。(2)軸銷式(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)可(ke)圍繞固(gu)定(ding)軸銷在一定(ding)角度內(nei)(nei)擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。(3)回轉(zhuan)式(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)通常固(gu)定(ding)在機(ji)(ji)床主軸上(shang),可(ke)隨機(ji)(ji)床主軸一同(tong)(tong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)。3、按(an)(an)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)(shi)分(fen):(1)直(zhi)線(xian)往(wang)復運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)內(nei)(nei)活(huo)(huo)塞做(zuo)直(zhi)線(xian)往(wang)復運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。(2)回轉(zhuan)擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)內(nei)(nei)活(huo)(huo)塞做(zuo)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)或擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。4、按(an)(an)有(you)無活(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)分(fen):(1)無桿(gan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):沒有(you)活(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang),有(you)磁性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、纜(lan)索氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)兩大(da)類(lei)。(2)有(you)桿(gan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang):活(huo)(huo)塞內(nei)(nei)有(you)活(huo)(huo)塞桿(gan)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。
二、氣缸工作原理是什么
氣(qi)(qi)缸由缸筒、端蓋、活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)、活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿(gan)、緩沖柱塞(sai)(sai)(sai)、緩沖節流閥等(deng)構(gou)成(cheng),具(ju)(ju)體的工作原(yuan)理是(shi):氣(qi)(qi)缸工作時,通過活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)增加氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya),然后(hou)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)傳動(dong)將壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)(qi)的壓(ya)力(li)(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換為機械能(neng),驅動(dong)機構(gou)做(zuo)直線往(wang)復(fu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong),或(huo)擺(bai)動(dong)和旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong),具(ju)(ju)體過程是(shi):無桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)輸入壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)(qi),有(you)桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)排氣(qi)(qi),氣(qi)(qi)缸兩腔(qiang)(qiang)的壓(ya)力(li)(li)差,作用在活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上所形成(cheng)的力(li)(li),推動(dong)活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)運(yun)(yun)動(dong),使活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿(gan)伸出;當有(you)桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)進(jin)氣(qi)(qi),無桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)排氣(qi)(qi)時,使活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿(gan)縮回,若有(you)桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)和無桿(gan)腔(qiang)(qiang)交替進(jin)氣(qi)(qi)和排氣(qi)(qi),活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)就能(neng)做(zuo)直線往(wang)復(fu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)或(huo)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)了。
三、氣缸行程可以調節嗎
氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸活塞往返(fan)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)距離,一般來說是固定(ding)的(de)(de)(de),不(bu)過也有(you)可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸,這(zhe)種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸的(de)(de)(de)伸出(chu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)在(zai)一定(ding)范圍內(nei)(nei)自由調(diao)(diao)整,比如固定(ding)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是100的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸,可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)50,也就是說這(zhe)種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸50-100之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)。可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸調(diao)(diao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法有(you):1、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸軸(zhou)上(shang)裝上(shang)套(tao)(tao)能夠削減行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。新行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)=原行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)-套(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)長度。2、有(you)些(xie)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸自身內(nei)(nei)部有(you)磁性,外面(mian)裝置(zhi)置(zhi)套(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)磁性開關來操(cao)控電(dian)磁閥,操(cao)控行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。3、裝置(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開關,操(cao)控電(dian)磁閥,隨意調(diao)(diao)整行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。4、用(yong)機械(xie)杠桿(gan)組織(zhi)改動行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
四、氣缸選型流程
氣缸有多種型號可供選擇,在選擇的時候,可以參照下面為大家提供的氣缸選型流程來進行選擇:1、選定氣缸系列:根據使用目的、缸徑及行程的范圍,選擇合適的氣缸系列。2、選定氣缸內徑:根據負載大小、運行速度和工作壓力來決定氣缸直徑,其中很重要的選擇步驟如下:①確定負載重量(包括工件、夾具、導桿等可動部分的重量);②選定使用的空氣壓力(供應氣缸的壓縮空氣壓力);③確定氣缸動作方向。3、選定氣缸行程:氣缸的行程與使用場合和機構的行程比有關。為了便于安裝和調試,應為計算的行程留出適當的余量。盡可能使用標準沖程以確保快速交付并降低成本。4、選定安裝形式:由安裝位置、使用目的等因素決定。一般采用固定式氣缸。5、選定緩沖形式:根據活塞的速度決定是否采用緩沖裝置。以斯麥特為例,斯麥特氣缸都配置不同的緩沖裝置,客戶可根據實際負載運動狀況來選擇,如果負載與速度較大,僅靠氣缸本身的緩沖很難吸收沖擊能力,就必須設計緩沖回路或使用外部緩沖器。6、選定氣缸是否帶磁:當氣動系統采用電氣控制時,可選用帶磁性開關的氣缸。7、選定配件:比如電磁閥、節流閥、接頭甚至管子,看似無關緊要但影響性能。當然,只要把氣動選型的問題解決了,其他的基本上可以按照需求來配套。氣缸選型除了要注意正確的選型方法,還要考慮氣缸本身的品質,建議選擇優質氣缸品牌的產品。