景區建筑
現東邊(bian)的(de)(de)文昌宮以(yi)桂籍殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)中(zhong)心,前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)、戲(xi)(xi)樓,后(hou)有(you)(you)(you)崇圣祠(ci)(ci),中(zhong)為(wei)二門(men)(men)(men)(men)戲(xi)(xi)樓,左右有(you)(you)(you)牛公祠(ci)(ci)、劉公祠(ci)(ci)。文廟(miao)西以(yi)大成殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)主,前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)伴池、狀元(yuan)橋(qiao),后(hou)有(you)(you)(you)尊(zun)經閣,中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)靈星門(men)(men)(men)(men)、戟(ji)門(men)(men)(men)(men),左右有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)宦、鄉賢祠(ci)(ci)。文廟(miao)原設(she)有(you)(you)(you)正門(men)(men)(men)(men),面(mian)南而開(kai),但最南端被一堵稱“萬仞宮墻”莊(zhuang)重穩健(jian)的(de)(de)影(ying)壁所隔,由(you)(you)于數百年來涼(liang)州一直未(wei)出狀元(yuan),所以(yi)開(kai)正門(men)(men)(men)(men)之事也就擱置至今。影(ying)壁兩側各開(kai)小門(men)(men)(men)(men),朝(chao)東的(de)(de)叫“義路”,往西的(de)(de)稱“禮門(men)(men)(men)(men)”。由(you)(you)“義路”進入廟(miao)院,影(ying)壁北(bei)面(mian)是半(ban)月型(xing)的(de)(de)拌池。池上架(jia)一座石(shi)料拱橋(qiao),名(ming)(ming)“狀元(yuan)橋(qiao)”。欞星門(men)(men)(men)(men)是明正統(tong)時(shi)建筑的(de)(de)一座木(mu)質牌橋(qiao),四柱三(san)間,翹檐(yan)飛(fei)角。穿過欞星門(men)(men)(men)(men),就可看到戟(ji)門(men)(men)(men)(men),戟(ji)門(men)(men)(men)(men)兩側是鄉賢、名(ming)(ming)宦祠(ci)(ci),為(wei)供養地方賢達和清官牌位的(de)(de)地方。戟(ji)門(men)(men)(men)(men)是大成殿(dian)(dian)(dian)近前(qian)的(de)(de)一道門(men)(men)(men)(men),大成殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建在寬闊的(de)(de)石(shi)筑臺(tai)基(ji)上,雄(xiong)偉而壯(zhuang)嚴,保留著明清建筑風格,大有(you)(you)(you)至圣至尊(zun)的(de)(de)氣(qi)派。大成殿(dian)(dian)(dian)是文廟(miao)的(de)(de)主殿(dian)(dian)(dian),三(san)寬三(san)間,進深三(san)間,重檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂,頂置九脊(ji)(ji),鴟吻(wen)螭獸俱(ju)全,脊(ji)(ji)皆以(yi)纏枝(zhi)蓮紋磚砌筑。正脊(ji)(ji)中(zhong)設(she)橋(qiao)形小珠。屋面(mian)盡(jin)覆(fu)琉璃筒板瓦。檐(yan)下為(wei)五鋪(pu)作(zuo)雙(shuang)抄(chao)雙(shuang)平昂(ang)。柱頭(tou)、補(bu)間鋪(pu)作(zuo)華(hua)麗,欞格隔扇、腰(yao)華(hua)板、
裙板等皆(jie)有(you)簡(jian)單雕飾。周圍繞(rao)以(yi)回廊(lang)、高(gao)臺(tai)基,大(da)有(you)莊重、肅穆(mu)、文(wen)雅之風韻。殿(dian)(dian)內迎門原供奉(feng)著(zhu)大(da)成至(zhi)圣先(xian)師孔(kong)于的(de)畫像,旁立著(zhu)孔(kong)子七十二弟子的(de)牌位(wei)。大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)之后(hou)的(de)尊經閣(ge)(ge),是兩層土木結構樓,重檐歇(xie)山(shan)頂,坐落在高(gao)達(da)2米的(de)磚(zhuan)包(bao)臺(tai)基上(shang),是武威現(xian)存(cun)最高(gao)大(da)的(de)古代重樓建筑。閣(ge)(ge)周繞(rao)以(yi)回廊(lang)木柵(zha)欄。頂部三重翹(qiao)角(jiao)上(shang)均懸有(you)風鈴(ling)(ling),清風徐來,鈴(ling)(ling)聲叮鐺,為沉寂(ji)的(de)廟宇增添(tian)了(le)些許生氣。大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)東側的(de)桂籍殿(dian)(dian)是供奉(feng)文(wen)昌帝(di)君的(de)。建筑自(zi)成一組(zu),為文(wen)昌宮。內有(you)過(guo)殿(dian)(dian),左(zuo)右設耳房供道士居住。過(guo)殿(dian)(dian)之后(hou),魁星閣(ge)(ge)與桂籍殿(dian)(dian)遙相呼(hu)應。
景區亮點
武威文廟(miao)是一(yi)組造(zao)型雄偉的(de)(de)仿(fang)皇家宮闕建筑群(qun)。被(bei)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)國寶的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma),出土于武威雷臺的(de)(de)張將(jiang)軍墓,收藏于文廟(miao),專家鑒定(ding)(ding)為(wei)東漢時期(qi)的(de)(de)文物,距今(jin)(jin)已(yi)躍(yue)進1600多年的(de)(de)漫長(chang)歲月(yue)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)又稱(cheng)(cheng)“馬(ma)(ma)踏(ta)飛(fei)燕”,呈(cheng)發綠古銅(tong)(tong)(tong)色,馬(ma)(ma)高(gao)34.5厘米,身長(chang)45cm,昂首嘶(si)嗚(wu),奔(ben)(ben)馳向(xiang)前,為(wei)了(le)顯示奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)神勇、古代(dai)工(gong)匠大(da)膽想象,讓支(zhi)撐銅(tong)(tong)(tong)馬(ma)(ma)全(quan)部重量的(de)(de)一(yi)支(zhi)后躥踏(ta)在展(zhan)翅的(de)(de)飛(fei)鳥上(shang),其它三足騰(teng)空而(er)起,既展(zhan)現了(le)奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)風馳電摯的(de)(de)神速,又巧妙地利用飛(fei)馬(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)驅地,使奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma)騰(teng)飛(fei)中保持相(xiang)對和穩(wen)定(ding)(ding),喻(yu)動(dong)于靜,動(dong)靜結合,不(bu)僅造(zao)型生動(dong),制作(zuo)精美,而(er)且完全(quan)符合力(li)學平衡原理,蘊(yun)含豐(feng)富的(de)(de)天馬(ma)(ma)文化內涵,鑄造(zao)技巧精湛,堪(kan)稱(cheng)(cheng)青銅(tong)(tong)(tong)藝術之極(ji)品。今(jin)(jin)天這(zhe)支(zhi)有(you)著稀世珍寶美稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)奔(ben)(ben)馬(ma)(ma),被(bei)國家旅(lv)游局定(ding)(ding)為(wei)全(quan)國旅(lv)游標致。
交通信息
市區內乘坐101路(lu)公交車到文廟(miao)廣(guang)場(chang)站(zhan)下車即是。