集美學村建筑
(1) 尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)群: 尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位(wei)于(yu)今集(ji)美(mei)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)財經學(xue)(xue)(xue)院內,系陳嘉庚主持興(xing)建(jian)的(de)一(yi)幢歐式建(jian)筑(zhu)。該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)由(you)原(yuan)尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)加上擴建(jian)的(de)尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)東部(bu)合并組成(cheng),建(jian)造于(yu)兩(liang)個不同的(de)歷(li)史時期。原(yuan)尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)三層19間(jian)(jian),1921年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)竣(jun)工(gong);尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)東部(bu)為(wei)四層23間(jian)(jian),1954年(nian)9月(yue)(yue)竣(jun)工(gong),擴建(jian)后(hou)(hou)合計四層42間(jian)(jian)。早(zao)期尚(shang)忠(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)女子師范部(bu)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),并與文(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、誦詩、敦書(shu)諸樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)合稱“集(ji)美(mei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)女學(xue)(xue)(xue)”,戰后(hou)(hou)改為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)商校(xiao)(xiao)校(xiao)(xiao)舍(she)。新中國(guo)成(cheng)立后(hou)(hou)到(dao)1964年(nian)為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)中學(xue)(xue)(xue)教學(xue)(xue)(xue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),之后(hou)(hou)調整(zheng)為(wei)財校(xiao)(xiao)校(xiao)(xiao)舍(she)。現為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)大學(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生宿舍(she)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。
誦詩樓
建(jian)成于(yu)1921年(nian)2月,時(shi)為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)女子中學(xue)教學(xue)樓(lou)。抗(kang)戰期間(jian),被日軍(jun)飛機轟炸(zha)受損(sun)。1946年(nian)修復后改(gai)為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)高級商科學(xue)校(xiao)教學(xue)樓(lou),現為(wei)集(ji)美(mei)大學(xue)財經學(xue)院學(xue)生宿舍(she)。該(gai)樓(lou)坐東朝西(xi),共3層,建(jian)筑面積2949平方米。平面呈前廊式布局,建(jian)筑外(wai)墻以(yi)紅色清水磚為(wei)主,花崗巖作裝飾鑲砌(qi),內部(bu)為(wei)磚木結構。屋(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)西(xi)式雙坡頂(ding),屋(wu)面鋪紅色機平瓦(wa)。山花、拱券、欄桿及窗套(tao)均為(wei)西(xi)式裝飾。
敦書樓
建成于1925年8月,時為(wei)(wei)(wei)集(ji)美女子(zi)小學(xue)(xue)教學(xue)(xue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。抗(kang)戰期(qi)間,被日軍(jun)飛機(ji)轟炸受損。1946年修復后(hou)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)集(ji)美高級商科學(xue)(xue)校教學(xue)(xue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),現為(wei)(wei)(wei)集(ji)美大(da)學(xue)(xue)財經學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)學(xue)(xue)生宿舍。該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)坐西朝東(dong),中(zhong)部門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)及南(nan)(nan)翼3層,北翼為(wei)(wei)(wei)2層,磚木(mu)結構,建筑面積(ji)2707平(ping)方米。平(ping)面呈前廊(lang)式布局(ju),南(nan)(nan)北兩翼為(wei)(wei)(wei)拱(gong)券廊(lang),門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)一、二層為(wei)(wei)(wei)圓拱(gong)和尖拱(gong)相結合的(de)西式券廊(lang),三層為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)式傳統柱(zhu)廊(lang)。門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙翹(qiao)脊重檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding)(ding),脊尾(wei)呈燕尾(wei)式,屋(wu)面鋪(pu)綠色(se)玻璃瓦。兩翼屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙坡頂(ding)(ding),外廊(lang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)頂(ding)(ding),屋(wu)面鋪(pu)紅色(se)機(ji)平(ping)瓦。門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)屋(wu)檐(yan)及山(shan)墻裝飾(shi)閩(min)南(nan)(nan)傳統的(de)木(mu)雕(diao)垂花(hua)及灰(hui)雕(diao)泥塑,柱(zhu)頭、拱(gong)券及欄(lan)桿則(ze)為(wei)(wei)(wei)西式裝飾(shi)。
(2) 允(yun)恭(gong)樓(lou)群: 允(yun)恭(gong)樓(lou)又名航院四號樓(lou),地址(zhi)在集美嘉庚路一號,坐(zuo)落(luo)于崇儉樓(lou)東(dong)側,1923年8月落(luo)成,共三層44間,面(mian)積(ji)2944平方米,為美式風格建筑(zhu)。因外墻為白色,且形似(si)白宮,故又稱白樓(lou)。1983年加高為四層。現為集美大學校(xiao)內辦公(gong)樓(lou)。
崇儉樓
建成于1926年2月,時為(wei)集(ji)(ji)美商科(ke)學校教(jiao)(jiao)學樓。抗戰期間,被日軍(jun)飛(fei)機轟炸受損,1946年修(xiu)復后為(wei)集(ji)(ji)美水產航海學校教(jiao)(jiao)學樓,現(xian)為(wei)集(ji)(ji)美大(da)學航海學院(yuan)學生宿舍。
該樓(lou)坐西朝東,系雙角(jiao)樓(lou)式磚木結(jie)構樓(lou)房,共3層,建筑面積1364平方米。現面呈(cheng)(cheng)前(qian)廊式布(bu)局,門(men)樓(lou)、角(jiao)樓(lou)及三(san)層長廊為(wei)(wei)拱(gong)券廊。屋頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)三(san)翹脊(ji)硬山頂(ding)(ding),脊(ji)尾呈(cheng)(cheng)燕(yan)尾式,屋面鋪綠色(se)玻(bo)璃瓦,角(jiao)樓(lou)屋頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)平頂(ding)(ding),紅磚鋪面。主體以紅色(se)清水磚墻(qiang)承重,花崗巖作(zuo)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)鑲砌。角(jiao)樓(lou)以粉白色(se)為(wei)(wei)主色(se)調。角(jiao)樓(lou)、門(men)樓(lou)、柱(zhu)式和欄桿(gan)等均作(zuo)西式裝(zhuang)飾(shi)
克讓樓
建(jian)于1950年,時為(wei)集(ji)美水產(chan)航海學(xue)校教學(xue)樓,現為(wei)集(ji)美大學(xue)航海學(xue)院學(xue)生宿舍。
該(gai)樓坐西朝(chao)東,共3層,建筑面(mian)積1749平(ping)方米。平(ping)面(mian)呈前廊(lang)式(shi)(shi)布局,東面(mian)設六角形過廊(lang)。外墻為(wei)磚(zhuan)石砌(qi)筑,內部為(wei)磚(zhuan)木(mu)結構(gou)。雙坡(po)西式(shi)(shi)屋頂,屋面(mian)鋪紅色機平(ping)瓦(wa)。山墻、欄桿作西式(shi)(shi)裝飾(shi),角柱作"出(chu)磚(zhuan)入石"裝飾(shi)。
(3) 南(nan)(nan)僑(qiao)樓(lou)(lou)群: 華文學院(yuan)南(nan)(nan)僑(qiao)建筑(zhu)群位于(yu)集美(mei)龍舟池西面以北(bei)(bei),系(xi)陳嘉庚受中僑(qiao)委(wei)委(wei)托于(yu)1953—1959年主持興建。主建筑(zhu)群共四排(pai)十(shi)六座,命名為(wei)南(nan)(nan)僑(qiao)第一(yi)至南(nan)(nan)僑(qiao)十(shi)六。樓(lou)(lou)體坐(zuo)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)南(nan)(nan),順池畔坡地(di)而筑(zhu),由低至高。首排(pai)平屋,末(mo)排(pai)四層,逐(zhu)排(pai)加(jia)層拔高。南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)樓(lou)(lou)距16—18米,東西樓(lou)(lou)距4—8米。環境幽雅,樓(lou)(lou)宇壯觀(guan),美(mei)侖(lun)美(mei)奐。
(4) 南薰樓群: 建成于1957年的南薰樓呈(cheng)Y字型,由一座15層(ceng)的主樓,以及兩座6層(ceng)的副(fu)樓組成。
15層的(de)主樓結(jie)構(gou)更加復雜。由(you)于這是一座從下到上由(you)大變小的(de)塔樓結(jie)構(gou)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),每隔(ge)幾層,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)結(jie)構(gou)就發生變化。
黎明(ming)樓:建于1958年(nian),時為集(ji)美財經學(xue)(xue)校教學(xue)(xue)樓,現為集(ji)美中學(xue)(xue)教學(xue)(xue)樓。
該樓(lou)(lou)坐(zuo)北朝(chao)南,依(yi)地形(xing)而建(jian),中(zhong)部(bu)6層(ceng),其(qi)余4至(zhi)5層(ceng),磚石(shi)木(mu)混合(he)結構,總(zong)建(jian)筑面積2420平(ping)方米。平(ping)面呈(cheng)雙(shuang)角樓(lou)(lou)、前(qian)廊(lang)式布局,第3層(ceng)為(wei)拱(gong)券(quan)廊(lang)。勒(le)腳下為(wei)花(hua)崗巖(yan)條石(shi)砌(qi)(qi)筑,主樓(lou)(lou)承重(zhong)墻為(wei)紅色(se)(se)清水(shui)磚砌(qi)(qi)筑,花(hua)崗巖(yan)石(shi)作裝飾(shi)鑲砌(qi)(qi)。角樓(lou)(lou)承重(zhong)墻為(wei)花(hua)崗巖(yan)條石(shi)砌(qi)(qi)筑,紅色(se)(se)清水(shui)磚作裝飾(shi)鑲砌(qi)(qi)。樓(lou)(lou)面視承重(zhong)分(fen)別采用竹筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)板(ban)和鋼筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)板(ban)。屋頂(ding)中(zhong)部(bu)為(wei)單檐(yan)歇山頂(ding),上鋪綠色(se)(se)琉璃瓦,屋檐(yan)下有大斗(dou)拱(gong)裝飾(shi)。兩翼及角樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)雙(shuang)坡頂(ding),上鋪紅色(se)(se)機平(ping)瓦。2003年(nian)進行(xing)加(jia)固(gu)維修,改為(wei)鋼筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)結構。
道南樓
系陳嘉庚(geng)生前親自規劃和設計(ji)的代(dai)表性建筑,1964年建成(cheng),時為集美(mei)財(cai)經(jing)學(xue)校教學(xue)樓,現為集美(mei)中學(xue)教學(xue)樓。
該(gai)樓(lou)坐北(bei)朝南,由(you)9座連(lian)體建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一字排(pai)列,總面(mian)(mian)寬176米(mi),進深(shen)18米(mi),總建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積15566平方米(mi),磚(zhuan)石(shi)(shi)木混(hun)合(he)結(jie)構。中(zhong)(zhong)部主(zhu)樓(lou)高7層,兩翼分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)5層和(he)6層共4組建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)(xiang)間排(pai)列,其中(zhong)(zhong)4座5層建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)前(qian)外廊。9座建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)均以花崗巖條石(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎,承(cheng)重墻為(wei)(wei)塊石(shi)(shi)和(he)紅(hong)磚(zhuan)混(hun)合(he)砌筑(zhu)(zhu)。樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)視(shi)承(cheng)重分別(bie)采(cai)用竹(zhu)筋(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土板(ban)和(he)鋼筋(jin)現澆混(hun)凝(ning)土板(ban)。屋(wu)(wu)架(jia)為(wei)(wei)木屋(wu)(wu)架(jia),中(zhong)(zhong)部主(zhu)樓(lou)為(wei)(wei)燕尾脊重檐歇山頂,兩翼為(wei)(wei)燕尾脊單(dan)檐歇山頂。9個中(zhong)(zhong)式大屋(wu)(wu)頂采(cai)用紅(hong)、綠瓦相(xiang)(xiang)間鋪設(she),其中(zhong)(zhong)5個以綠色琉璃瓦鋪設(she),屋(wu)(wu)檐下置大斗拱,其余(yu)4個屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)鋪紅(hong)色機平瓦。由(you)于白蟻蝕(shi)食(shi),1991年屋(wu)(wu)架(jia)改為(wei)(wei)鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土結(jie)構,2003年進行了加固(gu)性維修(xiu)。該(gai)樓(lou)是(shi)嘉庚建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)的精品之作。
(5) 科學(xue)館:科學(xue)館坐落(luo)于集(ji)(ji)美(mei)集(ji)(ji)岑路2號,建(jian)于1922年(nian)9月(yue)。抗戰期間,被日軍(jun)飛機轟炸受損,1946年(nian)修復(fu)。1949年(nian)11月(yue)再(zai)次遭國民(min)黨飛機轟炸,1951年(nian)修復(fu),現為集(ji)(ji)美(mei)大學(xue)科學(xue)館。
該(gai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)坐北朝南,磚木結構,建筑面積2657平方(fang)米。門樓(lou)(lou)(lou)及角樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為4層,兩翼(yi)為3層。建筑設(she)(she)前后(hou)(hou)廊(lang)式(shi),一樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為拱券廊(lang),二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為方(fang)形廊(lang)、中間裝飾(shi)哥特(te)式(shi)圓柱,三樓(lou)(lou)(lou)設(she)(she)前后(hou)(hou)陽臺。屋頂(ding)為西式(shi)雙(shuang)坡頂(ding),鋪紅色(se)機平瓦。外墻以粉白色(se)為主色(se)調。門樓(lou)(lou)(lou)及角樓(lou)(lou)(lou)山墻裝飾(shi)豐富。柱頭、屋檐及山花作巴洛克(ke)式(shi)裝飾(shi)。
(6) 養正樓(lou):養正樓(lou)坐落于集(ji)美(mei)(mei)(mei)集(ji)岑路3號,1926年(nian)9月建(jian)成,時為集(ji)美(mei)(mei)(mei)幼(you)稚師范(fan)教學樓(lou)。抗戰期間(jian),被日(ri)軍飛機轟炸受損(sun),1946年(nian)修復后改為集(ji)美(mei)(mei)(mei)小學教學樓(lou),現為集(ji)美(mei)(mei)(mei)幼(you)兒園使用(yong)。
該樓(lou)(lou)坐北朝南,磚石(shi)結(jie)構,建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積450平方米,呈西班牙式(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)風格。平面(mian)為(wei)后廊(lang)(lang)式(shi)布局(ju),后廊(lang)(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)為(wei)外(wai)突半圓形敞廊(lang)(lang)。主體(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)為(wei)二層(ceng),中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)設塔樓(lou)(lou)共(gong)四(si)層(ceng)。屋(wu)頂塔樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)多坡頂,翼樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)雙坡頂,角(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)穹隆頂,屋(wu)頂鋪紅色(se)機(ji)平瓦。外(wai)墻以花崗巖條石(shi)為(wei)基礎,紅色(se)清水(shui)磚墻承重(zhong),塔樓(lou)(lou)、角(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)、門廊(lang)(lang)、墻柱及屋(wu)檐裝飾為(wei)黃、白兩色(se)。中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)入(ru)口處設4根羅馬柱承托外(wai)挑式(shi)陽(yang)臺,使整個(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)立面(mian)富于變化。東、北面(mian)外(wai)延15米,南面(mian)以圍墻為(wei)界(jie),西接尚(shang)忠(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)群保護范圍,以盛光路為(wei)界(jie)。
(7) 群賢(xian)(xian)(xian)樓(lou)群:廈門(men)大(da)(da)學群賢(xian)(xian)(xian)樓(lou)五(wu)幢一(yi)字(zi)排列,建(jian)在廈門(men)市(shi)五(wu)老(lao)峰下、南(nan)普陀寺前的(de)(de)(de)演武場上.以居(ju)中建(jian)筑(zhu)、裝飾最(zui)考究、體量也最(zui)大(da)(da)(2725平方(fang)米)作校辦公用的(de)(de)(de)群賢(xian)(xian)(xian)為名.東邊為集(ji)美、映雪.西邊為同(tong),安、囊螢.建(jian)于1921-1922年(nian),建(jian)筑(zhu)面積9576平方(fang)米.為陳嘉庚(geng)獨(du)資(zi)興建(jian)廈大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)主樓(lou)群.囊螢、映雪很長(chang)時間作學生宿(su)舍(she),現已調(diao)整與同(tong)安、集(ji)美一(yi)樣做教學、科研用房.樓(lou)群最(zui)大(da)(da)特(te)色": ①古今(jin)、中西合璧式(shi).②樓(lou)梯石(shi)板懸挑式(shi).③清水雕砌特(te)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)張燈結彩、垂珠(zhu)彩簾吉祥:圖案式(shi).在當時,三大(da)(da)特(te)色均是獨(du)一(yi)無二,為此,1989年(nian)后廈門(men)市(shi)把它定為古建(jian)筑(zhu)保(bao)護單(dan)位.
廈門大學建筑群
廈(sha)門(men)大(da)學(xue)坐落于廈(sha)門(men)島南(nan)(nan)部,北倚(yi)五老峰,南(nan)(nan)面(mian)隔海與(yu)漳(zhang)州南(nan)(nan)太武(wu)山相望。廈(sha)門(men)大(da)學(xue)建筑群(qun)(qun)包括群(qun)(qun)賢樓(lou)群(qun)(qun)、芙蓉(rong)樓(lou)群(qun)(qun)、建南(nan)(nan)樓(lou)群(qun)(qun)共15幢建筑。
(1)群(qun)(qun)賢(xian)樓(lou)群(qun)(qun):賢(xian)樓(lou)群(qun)(qun)包括映雪樓(lou)、同安樓(lou)、群(qun)(qun)賢(xian)樓(lou)、集美樓(lou)、囊(nang)螢(ying)樓(lou)5幢建筑(zhu)。
群賢樓(lou)(lou)群興(xing)建于1921年5月,1922年底竣工,這(zhe)是(shi)廈門大學的(de)首批(pi)校(xiao)舍(she)。群賢樓(lou)(lou)群動工興(xing)建時,為(wei)了(le)表達陳嘉庚自己教(jiao)育興(xing)國的(de)決心,特地選(xuan)擇5月9日(即國恥紀(ji)念日)作(zuo)為(wei)校(xiao)舍(she)奠基(ji)日。校(xiao)舍(she)落(luo)成后(hou)陳嘉庚將(jiang)1號及5號樓(lou)(lou)分別命名為(wei)"映雪(xue)樓(lou)(lou)"和"囊螢(ying)樓(lou)(lou)"。"映雪(xue)"、"囊螢(ying)"二語,出自古人孫
康、車胤(yin)不(bu)畏貧困、勤奮好學(xue)(xue)的典故。2號(hao)及4號(hao)樓(lou),陳嘉(jia)(jia)庚則以(yi)"同安(an)"和(he)"集美"兩地(di)名(ming)命(ming)名(ming),表(biao)達(da)了嘉(jia)(jia)庚先生(sheng)為振興家鄉、辦好國民教育的決心。中(zhong)間主樓(lou)落成時(shi),有人(ren)建議取(qu)名(ming)為"嘉(jia)(jia)庚樓(lou)",當即被嘉(jia)(jia)庚否定。又有人(ren)建議以(yi)"敬(jing)賢(xian)"(嘉(jia)(jia)庚之(zhi)弟名(ming))命(ming)名(ming),陳嘉(jia)(jia)庚經過一番思考后,改(gai)"敬(jing)賢(xian)"為"群賢(xian)",取(qu)"群賢(xian)畢至、少長咸集"之(zhi)意(yi)。時(shi)群賢(xian)樓(lou)、同安(an)樓(lou)和(he)集美樓(lou)為教學(xue)(xue)樓(lou),映雪(xue)樓(lou)和(he)囊螢樓(lou)為學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)宿舍(she)樓(lou)。1938年5月至1945年8月,廈門淪陷(xian)期間,廈門大學(xue)(xue)成為日寇軍營(ying),校舍(she)受到(dao)極大破壞。1946年廈大復校后,對群賢(xian)樓(lou)群等進行了修(xiu)繕。20世紀八九十年代(dai)再次維修(xiu)。
該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)群(qun)(qun)呈(cheng)"一(yi)"字(zi)形排列,坐北(bei)朝南(nan),磚(zhuan)石(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結構。映雪樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)囊螢(ying)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三層建(jian)(jian)筑,建(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)積均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2316平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),平(ping)面(mian)均(jun)呈(cheng)雙角(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)內廊(lang)式(shi)布局。墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)花崗(gang)巖(yan)條石(shi)(shi)砌筑,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結構上鋪紅色(se)(se)斗(dou)底磚(zhuan)。雙坡(po)西式(shi)屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding),屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)鋪紅色(se)(se)機平(ping)瓦。山(shan)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)開尖拱形窗,三樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)設前廊(lang),8根西式(shi)圓柱承(cheng)托屋(wu)(wu)檐(yan)。兩(liang)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)3樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)中(zhong)亭亭楣(mei)上分別鐫有(you)陳嘉庚和(he)陳敬(jing)賢(xian)手(shou)(shou)題的"映雪"、"囊螢(ying)"兩(liang)字(zi)。集美樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)同安樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)層建(jian)(jian)筑,建(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)積分別為(wei)(wei)(wei)1062平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)和(he)1096平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)花崗(gang)巖(yan)條石(shi)(shi)砌筑,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結構上鋪紅色(se)(se)斗(dou)底磚(zhuan)。平(ping)面(mian)呈(cheng)前廊(lang)式(shi)布局,一(yi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)拱形廊(lang),二(er)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)(fang)形廊(lang),廊(lang)中(zhong)間裝(zhuang)飾(shi)西式(shi)頂(ding)檐(yan)柱。屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙翹(qiao)脊(ji)歇山(shan)頂(ding),脊(ji)尾(wei)(wei)呈(cheng)燕尾(wei)(wei)式(shi)。屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)鋪紅色(se)(se)機平(ping)瓦。同安樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)集美樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)名分別為(wei)(wei)(wei)時任廈(sha)門道道尹的陳培錕和(he)原思明(ming)縣縣長來玉林手(shou)(shou)書。群(qun)(qun)賢(xian)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)平(ping)面(mian)呈(cheng)"T"字(zi)形,建(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)積2593平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。前廊(lang)式(shi)布局,墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)花崗(gang)巖(yan)條石(shi)(shi)砌筑,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結構上鋪紅色(se)(se)斗(dou)底磚(zhuan)。中(zhong)部屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙翹(qiao)脊(ji)重檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding),兩(liang)翼為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙翹(qiao)脊(ji)歇山(shan)頂(ding),脊(ji)尾(wei)(wei)呈(cheng)燕尾(wei)(wei)式(shi)。屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)鋪紅色(se)(se)機平(ping)瓦。山(shan)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)及屋(wu)(wu)檐(yan)下有(you)閩南(nan)傳(chuan)統的灰雕泥塑(su)及木(mu)(mu)(mu)雕垂(chui)花裝(zhuang)飾(shi)。"群(qun)(qun)賢(xian)"樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)名為(wei)(wei)(wei)時任廈(sha)門大學(xue)校(xiao)長林文(wen)慶手(shou)(shou)書。各樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)之間以(yi)雙坡(po)頂(ding)木(mu)(mu)(mu)廊(lang)相連。
(2)芙蓉(rong)樓(lou)群:芙蓉(rong)樓(lou)群因陳嘉庚女(nv)婿李(li)光前先生祖籍南安芙蓉(rong)村而(er)得名,建(jian)于20世紀(ji)五六十年代,是(shi)嘉庚風格建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)走向成熟的標志。芙蓉(rong)樓(lou)群共(gong)有四幢,以芙蓉(rong)湖為圓心形(xing)成半合(he)圍(wei)形(xing),主體建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)三層,局部加高(gao)為四至五層,都是(shi)中式(shi)屋頂、西式(shi)屋身的外(wai)(wai)廊建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)樣式(shi)。樓(lou)群建(jian)在(zai)演武場東(dong)北面環(huan)洼地邊緣上。 建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面積15387平方米,除芙蓉(rong)三作(zuo)簡易教工住宅(zhai)外(wai)(wai), 其他三幢始終(zhong)作(zuo)為學生宿舍。樓(lou)群最集中
特色(se)為屋體西式,屋面中式。又是紅磚綠瓦,象(xiang)征吉(ji)利永恒。 芙蓉樓群(qun)建(jian)成之后(hou),從1957年(nian)開始尤其是80年(nian)代(dai)以來,國家又陸續大量(liang)地在其周圍建(jian)了大量(liang)各類(lei)校(xiao)舍(主要是學生生活用房), 形成一個密(mi)集的建(jian)筑區(qu)。
(3)建(jian)南(nan)(nan)樓群(qun):建(jian)南(nan)(nan)樓群(qun)由成義樓、南(nan)(nan)安樓、建(jian)南(nan)(nan)大禮(li)堂、南(nan)(nan)光(guang)(guang)樓、成智樓5幢建(jian)筑組成,建(jian)于1951年至1954年。時成義樓為生物館,南(nan)(nan)安樓為化學館,建(jian)南(nan)(nan)樓為學校大禮(li)堂,南(nan)(nan)光(guang)(guang)樓為物理館,成智樓為圖書館。2000年至2003年維(wei)修(xiu)。
陳嘉庚(geng)創辦學校(xiao)從不為(wei)自己留名(ming),但對他人的支(zhi)持和贊助,卻銘(ming)記(ji)于心。李(li)(li)光(guang)前(qian)先生長期竭(jie)力資(zi)助廈門(men)大(da)(da)學,故芙蓉樓(lou)(lou)群和建(jian)南(nan)樓(lou)(lou)群的命名(ming)多與(yu)李(li)(li)光(guang)前(qian)有(you)關。李(li)(li)光(guang)前(qian)祖籍為(wei)福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)南(nan)安芙蓉鄉,故有(you)芙蓉樓(lou)(lou)群及(ji)南(nan)安樓(lou)(lou)之名(ming)。"成義"、"成智"則以李(li)(li)光(guang)前(qian)的親屬名(ming)來命名(ming)。而"建(jian)南(nan)"大(da)(da)禮(li)堂(tang)則是與(yu)集美(mei)學校(xiao)的"福(fu)(fu)(fu)南(nan)"大(da)(da)禮(li)堂(tang)相呼(hu)應,兩者(zhe)合(he)起來即是"福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)南(nan)部",寓意廈門(men)大(da)(da)學和集美(mei)學校(xiao)是福(fu)(fu)(fu)建(jian)南(nan)部教(jiao)育(yu)基地。
建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)南樓(lou)(lou)群建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)岡上,沿山(shan)(shan)勢呈(cheng)半(ban)月形(xing)(xing)圍合(he)排(pai)列,南臨上弦體育場,故又稱上弦樓(lou)(lou)群。外輪駛入廈門(men)海域,即(ji)可看到這組巍峨壯觀(guan)的(de)(de)樓(lou)(lou)群。中式(shi)(shi)風格(ge)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)南大(da)禮(li)堂位居中央,其余4座西(xi)式(shi)(shi)風格(ge)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)列兩側。成(cheng)義樓(lou)(lou)、南安樓(lou)(lou)、南光樓(lou)(lou)、成(cheng)智樓(lou)(lou)4幢(chuang)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)結構(gou)和(he)形(xing)(xing)制基本(ben)相同,均為(wei)(wei)3層(ceng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),平面(mian)呈(cheng)內(nei)廊(lang)(lang)式(shi)(shi)布局,石木結構(gou),墻體為(wei)(wei)花(hua)崗(gang)巖(yan)條石砌(qi)筑(zhu)(zhu),樓(lou)(lou)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)木結構(gou)上鋪(pu)(pu)紅(hong)色(se)斗底磚。屋(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)雙坡頂(ding),面(mian)鋪(pu)(pu)紅(hong)色(se)機(ji)平瓦。山(shan)(shan)墻開(kai)(kai)拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)窗,角柱作"出磚入石"裝飾(shi)。4幢(chuang)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)5710平方米(mi)、4614平方米(mi)、4518平方米(mi)和(he)3848平方米(mi)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)南大(da)禮(li)堂前部為(wei)(wei)門(men)樓(lou)(lou),后部為(wei)(wei)禮(li)堂主體,石木結構(gou)。門(men)樓(lou)(lou)共4層(ceng),建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)5578平方米(mi)。屋(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)雙翹(qiao)脊重(zhong)檐(yan)歇山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),脊尾呈(cheng)燕(yan)尾式(shi)(shi),屋(wu)面(mian)鋪(pu)(pu)綠色(se)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦。山(shan)(shan)墻及屋(wu)檐(yan)下作閩(min)南傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)灰雕泥塑及木雕垂花(hua)裝飾(shi)。一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)入口(kou)門(men)廳矗立著4根西(xi)式(shi)(shi)廊(lang)(lang)柱,廊(lang)(lang)后為(wei)(wei)花(hua)崗(gang)巖(yan)砌(qi)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)三(san)開(kai)(kai)間廳堂,立面(mian)套嵌精雕細鑿的(de)(de)輝綠巖(yan)"門(men)貼(tie)臉(lian)",廳堂設三(san)道紫紅(hong)色(se)對開(kai)(kai)大(da)門(men)。禮(li)堂為(wei)(wei)單層(ceng),屋(wu)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)西(xi)式(shi)(shi)雙坡頂(ding),屋(wu)頂(ding)鋪(pu)(pu)紅(hong)色(se)機(ji)平瓦。該建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群系嘉庚建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)精品和(he)代(dai)表作,也是廈門(men)大(da)學(xue)的(de)(de)標志性建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。