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陵區建筑

清(qing)永陵是(shi)中(zhong)國現(xian)存規(gui)模較大(da)，體(ti)(ti)系較完整的(de)封建(jian)帝后陵寢建(jian)筑(zhu)群。整體(ti)(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)由陵前(qian)參拜(bai)(bai)道、下(xia)馬(ma)石碑、前(qian)院、方城(cheng)、寶城(cheng)、省牲所等幾部分組成。陵前(qian)參拜(bai)(bai)道南北(bei)長(chang)840米，以(yi)黃沙鋪墊。參拜(bai)(bai)道南北(bei)兩(liang)端(duan)之(zhi)左右各立下(xia)馬(ma)石碑一(yi)甬。碑陽豎書陽刻漢、滿(man)、蒙、回(hui)、藏五體(ti)(ti)“諸(zhu)王(wang)以(yi)下(xia)官員人等至此下(xia)馬(ma)”文字。 參拜(bai)(bai)道中(zhong)央原有一(yi)座小(xiao)橋名玉帶橋。

陵墓特色

柵欄門(men)：清(qing)帝陵寢的前宮(gong)門(men)傳統上是單檐(yan)仿木架結構歇山式琉璃瓦頂磚(zhuan)砌(qi)三(san)拱形洞(dong)門(men)。門(men)洞(dong)內二扇(shan)對開(kai)木板門(men)。而永陵的門(men)戶以六(liu)扇(shan)木柵欄門(men)啟(qi)閉，既(ji)可(ke)謂一(yi)特。

四祖碑(bei)亭(ting)：清帝陵(ling)寢皆有神功(gong)圣德碑(bei)以樹碑(bei)立(li)傳(chuan)(chuan)，但一(yi)般皆是(shi)一(yi)座（康熙陵(ling)除外），唯永陵(ling)前院(yuan)中一(yi)字排(pai)開，并列四座。且每(mei)座碑(bei)亭(ting)前后辟(pi)門，與傳(chuan)(chuan)統的(de)四面(mian)辟(pi)門也不相(xiang)同。傳(chuan)(chuan)統的(de)功(gong)德碑(bei)亭(ting)檐(yan)下沒有斗拱(gong)。而(er)永陵(ling)四碑(bei)樓卻鋪作三翹七棲斗拱(gong)，可謂二特(te)。

石雕(diao)坐龍(long)：龍(long)作為封建社會“天子”的象征，在皇宮(gong)、在帝寢無處不(bu)有(you)。但有(you)坐龍(long)雕(diao)飾的唯永陵所僅見，可謂三特。

彩陶龍(long)壁：清帝(di)諸陵無論在隆恩門二(er)(er)側(ce)或正(zheng)紅門二(er)(er)翼皆(jie)有彩色琉(liu)璃龍(long)壁。唯永陵龍(long)壁不是琉(liu)璃材(cai)質而是陶制燒造(zao)外飾彩色，是為四特。

磚砌燎(liao)爐(lu)：永陵方城內的(de)燎(liao)爐(lu)即(ji)焚帛爐(lu)為青(qing)磚瓦砌筑，與福、昭陵的(de)漢白玉燎(liao)爐(lu)及清東陵、清西陵的(de)琉(liu)璃(li)燎(liao)爐(lu)不同，是為五特。

單墻(qiang)方城(cheng)：清帝(di)諸陵中方城(cheng)皆為(wei)城(cheng)堡式。墻(qiang)體寬厚，上置雉堞女(nv)墻(qiang)，官兵可在墻(qiang)上往來(lai)行走，永陵方城(cheng)墻(qiang)僅是窄的單墻(qiang)上覆脊瓦，此為(wei)永陵六(liu)特。

單(dan)檐城門(men)(men)：永陵方城之啟運門(men)(men)為單(dan)檐歇(xie)山式建(jian)筑，這與傳統方城重(zhong)檐式隆恩(en)門(men)(men)不同，是為七特。

“日”、“月(yue)”龍(long)吻：清帝(di)諸陵享(xiang)殿(dian)大脊(ji)的兩(liang)端均為(wei)(wei)鴟吻，唯永陵享(xiang)殿(dian)大脊(ji)的兩(liang)端是(shi)龍(long)吻。尤為(wei)(wei)獨特(te)的是(shi)，在(zai)(zai)龍(long)吻側(ce)劍(jian)把上(shang)，分別透雕“日”、“月(yue)”二字(zi)。日字(zi)在(zai)(zai)左(zuo)，月(yue)字(zi)在(zai)(zai)右，日字(zi)與月(yue)字(zi)合則為(wei)(wei)“明”字(zi)。將“明”字(zi)分開置于大脊(ji)兩(liang)端則有(you)破(po)明（朝）之意。此(ci)為(wei)(wei)八特(te)。

君(jun)臣共(gong)陵(ling)：自古以來(lai)帝王(wang)陵(ling)寢只能葬帝王(wang)一(yi)(yi)人及(ji)其后妃，絕無祖孫君(jun)臣共(gong)一(yi)(yi)陵(ling)的先例(li)。唯有永陵(ling)寶城(cheng)內是(shi)(shi)祖孫共(gong)城(cheng)，君(jun)臣一(yi)(yi)陵(ling)。自猛特(te)木至塔克(ke)世為六世四輩人，是(shi)(shi)為祖孫同一(yi)(yi)寶城(cheng)。君(jun)臣共(gong)為一(yi)(yi)陵(ling)是(shi)(shi)為永陵(ling)九特(te)。

交通信息

永陵(ling)坐落在呼(hu)蘭哈(ha)達(da)（滿語(yu)，漢譯(yi)(yi)煙筒山）下，蘇克素滸畢拉（滿語(yu)，漢譯(yi)(yi)魚鷹(ying)河，今稱蘇子河）北(bei)岸。尼雅(ya)滿山崗（今稱啟運山）南(nan)(nan)麓。東距(ju)縣城22公(gong)(gong)里(li)，距(ju)永陵(ling)鎮2公(gong)(gong)里(li)。東南(nan)(nan)距(ju)興京故城赫圖阿拉約5公(gong)(gong)里(li)，西距(ju)夏(xia)元(yuan)行宮約3公(gong)(gong)里(li)。南(nan)(nan)新公(gong)(gong)路于陵(ling)前通過(guo)，交(jiao)通方便。

東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)在清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)前840米處通(tong)過(guo)，沈(shen)(shen)通(tong)高速公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)距(ju)(ju)清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)南(nan)(nan)(nan)2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，沈(shen)(shen)通(tong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)距(ju)(ju)清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。西距(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)吉鐵路(lu)(lu)線南(nan)(nan)(nan)雜木站55公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。西距(ju)(ju)撫(fu)順市103公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)陽市149公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)陽桃仙機(ji)場154公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；南(nan)(nan)(nan)距(ju)(ju)大(da)連港512公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距(ju)(ju)本溪(xi)市129公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；東(dong)距(ju)(ju)新賓滿族自(zi)治縣城23公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距(ju)(ju)吉林通(tong)化市126公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)距(ju)(ju)世界文化遺產桓仁五(wu)女山城95公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距(ju)(ju)丹東(dong)市312公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。