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陵區建筑

清永陵(ling)是中國現存規模(mo)較(jiao)(jiao)大，體(ti)系較(jiao)(jiao)完整(zheng)的(de)封建帝后陵(ling)寢建筑群。整(zheng)體(ti)建筑由陵(ling)前參(can)拜(bai)道、下馬石(shi)碑、前院、方城、寶城、省牲(sheng)所等幾(ji)部分組成。陵(ling)前參(can)拜(bai)道南北長840米，以黃沙鋪墊。參(can)拜(bai)道南北兩端之左(zuo)右各立下馬石(shi)碑一甬(yong)。碑陽豎書陽刻漢、滿、蒙、回、藏五體(ti)“諸王以下官員人等至此下馬”文字(zi)。 參(can)拜(bai)道中央原有一座小橋名玉帶(dai)橋。

陵墓特色

柵欄(lan)門(men)(men)：清帝(di)陵(ling)寢(qin)的(de)前宮門(men)(men)傳統上是單檐仿木(mu)架結構歇(xie)山(shan)式琉璃(li)瓦(wa)頂磚(zhuan)砌三(san)拱形洞(dong)門(men)(men)。門(men)(men)洞(dong)內二(er)扇(shan)對(dui)開(kai)木(mu)板門(men)(men)。而永陵(ling)的(de)門(men)(men)戶以六扇(shan)木(mu)柵欄(lan)門(men)(men)啟(qi)閉，既可謂一特。

四祖碑(bei)亭：清帝陵(ling)寢皆(jie)有神功(gong)圣德碑(bei)以樹碑(bei)立傳(chuan)，但一般皆(jie)是一座（康熙(xi)陵(ling)除外），唯永(yong)(yong)陵(ling)前(qian)院中一字(zi)排開，并(bing)列四座。且每座碑(bei)亭前(qian)后辟門，與傳(chuan)統的(de)四面辟門也(ye)不相(xiang)同。傳(chuan)統的(de)功(gong)德碑(bei)亭檐下沒(mei)有斗拱。而永(yong)(yong)陵(ling)四碑(bei)樓卻(que)鋪作三翹(qiao)七棲斗拱，可謂二(er)特(te)。

石(shi)雕坐(zuo)龍(long)：龍(long)作為封建(jian)社會“天子”的(de)象征，在皇(huang)宮、在帝寢(qin)無(wu)處不有。但有坐(zuo)龍(long)雕飾(shi)的(de)唯永陵所僅見，可謂三特。

彩(cai)陶龍(long)(long)壁(bi)：清帝(di)諸(zhu)陵無論在隆恩門二側(ce)或正紅門二翼皆有彩(cai)色(se)琉(liu)璃龍(long)(long)壁(bi)。唯永陵龍(long)(long)壁(bi)不是琉(liu)璃材(cai)質(zhi)而是陶制燒造外飾彩(cai)色(se)，是為四特。

磚砌燎爐(lu)：永陵方城內的燎爐(lu)即焚帛(bo)爐(lu)為青磚瓦砌筑，與福、昭陵的漢白玉燎爐(lu)及清東陵、清西陵的琉璃燎爐(lu)不(bu)同，是(shi)為五特。

單墻(qiang)方城(cheng)：清(qing)帝諸陵中(zhong)方城(cheng)皆(jie)為城(cheng)堡(bao)式。墻(qiang)體(ti)寬厚，上置(zhi)雉堞(die)女墻(qiang)，官兵可在墻(qiang)上往(wang)來行走，永(yong)陵方城(cheng)墻(qiang)僅是窄的單墻(qiang)上覆脊瓦，此(ci)為永(yong)陵六特(te)。

單(dan)檐城門：永(yong)陵方城之啟運門為(wei)單(dan)檐歇山式建筑，這(zhe)與(yu)傳(chuan)統方城重檐式隆恩門不同，是為(wei)七(qi)特。

“日(ri)”、“月(yue)(yue)”龍吻：清(qing)帝諸陵享(xiang)殿大脊的兩(liang)端均為(wei)(wei)鴟吻，唯永陵享(xiang)殿大脊的兩(liang)端是龍吻。尤為(wei)(wei)獨(du)特的是，在(zai)龍吻側劍把(ba)上，分(fen)別(bie)透雕“日(ri)”、“月(yue)(yue)”二字(zi)(zi)。日(ri)字(zi)(zi)在(zai)左(zuo)，月(yue)(yue)字(zi)(zi)在(zai)右(you)，日(ri)字(zi)(zi)與月(yue)(yue)字(zi)(zi)合(he)則為(wei)(wei)“明(ming)”字(zi)(zi)。將“明(ming)”字(zi)(zi)分(fen)開置于(yu)大脊兩(liang)端則有破(po)明(ming)（朝）之意。此為(wei)(wei)八特。

君(jun)臣(chen)共(gong)陵(ling)：自(zi)古(gu)以(yi)來帝(di)王陵(ling)寢(qin)只能葬(zang)帝(di)王一人(ren)及其后(hou)妃，絕無祖(zu)(zu)孫君(jun)臣(chen)共(gong)一陵(ling)的先例。唯有永(yong)陵(ling)寶城內是祖(zu)(zu)孫共(gong)城，君(jun)臣(chen)一陵(ling)。自(zi)猛(meng)特(te)木至塔克世為六世四輩人(ren)，是為祖(zu)(zu)孫同一寶城。君(jun)臣(chen)共(gong)為一陵(ling)是為永(yong)陵(ling)九特(te)。

交通信息

永(yong)陵坐(zuo)落在呼蘭哈達（滿(man)語，漢(han)譯煙筒山(shan)(shan)）下，蘇克素滸畢拉(la)（滿(man)語，漢(han)譯魚鷹河(he)，今稱蘇子河(he)）北岸。尼雅滿(man)山(shan)(shan)崗（今稱啟運(yun)山(shan)(shan)）南(nan)麓。東(dong)距縣城22公里(li)，距永(yong)陵鎮(zhen)2公里(li)。東(dong)南(nan)距興京故城赫圖阿拉(la)約5公里(li)，西距夏元行(xing)宮約3公里(li)。南(nan)新公路(lu)于陵前通(tong)過，交通(tong)方(fang)便。

東南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路在清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)前840米處通(tong)過(guo)，沈(shen)(shen)通(tong)高速公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，沈(shen)(shen)通(tong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)清(qing)永(yong)陵(ling)東南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里。西距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)吉鐵路線南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)雜木站55公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里。西距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)撫順市103公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)市149公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)沈(shen)(shen)陽(yang)桃仙機場154公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)大連港(gang)512公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)本溪市129公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；東距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)新(xin)賓滿族(zu)自治(zhi)縣城(cheng)23公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)吉林通(tong)化市126公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；東南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)世界文(wen)化遺產桓(huan)仁(ren)五女(nv)山城(cheng)95公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丹東市312公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里。