玄妙觀
全國(guo)重點(dian)文物(wu)保(bao)護單位。位于湖北省荊(jing)州市(shi)中心城區荊(jing)北路,小(xiao)北門內西側,北靠城墻(qiang)。是荊(jing)州市(shi)著名(ming)的文物(wu)旅游景(jing)點(dian)和游覽(lan)勝地。始建于唐(tang)開元(yuan)年間。玄妙(miao)觀名(ming)稱(cheng)曾多次變更。
公(gong)元(yuan)一○○九年(nian),宋真宗(zong)(zong)下詔(zhao)更名(ming)天慶(qing)觀(guan)。公(gong)元(yuan)一二九七年(nian),元(yuan)成宗(zong)(zong)復改(gai)為(wei)玄(xuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)。公(gong)元(yuan)一三(san)三(san)九年(nian),元(yuan)順(shun)帝賜題“九老(lao)仙都宮(gong)”。清(qing)代(dai)為(wei)避清(qing)圣(sheng)祖康熙皇帝玄(xuan)燁之諱,改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)元(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)。
古觀(guan)(guan)原由山門(men)和(he)(he)六(liu)座殿(dian)(dian)閣(ge)(ge)組(zu)成(cheng)。六(liu)殿(dian)(dian)閣(ge)(ge)分別名為(wei)四(si)圣殿(dian)(dian)、三(san)清殿(dian)(dian)、玉皇閣(ge)(ge)、玄武閣(ge)(ge)、圣母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)梓(zi)潼殿(dian)(dian)。前四(si)殿(dian)(dian)依次(ci)成(cheng)直(zhi)線排列。四(si)殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)最(zui)后(hou)一殿(dian)(dian)玄武閣(ge)(ge)置于高臺(tai),臺(tai)東為(wei)圣母(mu)殿(dian)(dian),臺(tai)西為(wei)梓(zi)潼殿(dian)(dian)(供梓(zi)潼帝君)。后(hou)來剩(sheng)下三(san)重(zhong)建(jian)筑,前為(wei)玉皇閣(ge)(ge),中(zhong)為(wei)三(san)天(tian)門(men),后(hou)為(wei)置于崇臺(tai)之(zhi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)玄武閣(ge)(ge)(又名紫(zi)皇寶殿(dian)(dian)),均為(wei)明代(dai)(dai)萬歷十二年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一五八四(si)年(nian))重(zhong)建(jian)。玉皇閣(ge)(ge)重(zhong)建(jian)時作(zuo)了擴建(jian),面闊(kuo)三(san)間,進深(shen)三(san)間,略(lve)呈正方形,有三(san)重(zhong)飛檐(yan),每層檐(yan)下施有玲(ling)瓏美觀(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)斗拱。三(san)重(zhong)檐(yan)由大而小,狀似三(san)層塔形。屋頂(ding)為(wei)鉆尖式,托一帶尖頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)青銅蓮花(hua)座,直(zhi)刺云(yun)(yun)天(tian),猶如(ru)盛開于天(tian)際的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)蓮。鉆尖頂(ding)上(shang)題有“大明萬歷庚辰吉(ji)旦”數(shu)字。屋面蓋黃(huang)、綠二色(se)琉璃瓦,金(jin)光閃(shan)閃(shan),與后(hou)面高聳(song)于崇臺(tai)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)玄武閣(ge)(ge)相互輝映,十分壯美。玉皇閣(ge)(ge)前,豎(shu)有一塊(kuai)高大的(de)(de)(de)石碑(bei),為(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)順帝至(zhi)正三(san)年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一三(san)四(si)三(san)年(nian))所(suo)立,名為(wei)“九老(lao)仙都宮(gong)記”碑(bei)。根(gen)據碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)敘(xu)述,元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)順帝當時封觀(guan)(guan)內主持道人唐洞云(yun)(yun)(道號元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)靜真人)為(wei)八仙之(zhi)后(hou)第九仙,玄妙(miao)觀(guan)(guan)因而改名“九老(lao)仙都宮(gong)”。碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)為(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)著名的(de)(de)(de)洞庭學士(shi)歐陽(yang)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)撰寫,元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)(dai)大書(shu)法家危素手書(shu)。字體為(wei)楷書(shu),陰文(wen)(wen),字跡清晰,筆(bi)力遒勁,是一件珍貴文(wen)(wen)物。 ?
太暉觀
全國(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位。位于湖北省(sheng)荊州(zhou)市荊州(zhou)城(cheng)西門(men)外太暉山上,距(ju)荊州(zhou)市3公(gong)里。。是(shi)文(wen)物(wu)旅游景(jing)點和游覽勝地(di)。太暉觀原是(shi)明(ming)代湘獻王(wang)朱(zhu)柏(bo)所(suo)營(ying)建(jian)(jian)的王(wang)宮,于洪武二十六年(nian)(公(gong)元一三(san)九三(san)年(nian))開始興建(jian)(jian)。朱(zhu)柏(bo)建(jian)(jian)造這所(suo)王(wang)宮,在(zai)規模和裝飾方面都超過了當時所(suo)規定的等級建(jian)(jian)制(如雕有盤龍的石柱),即(ji)將竣工(gong)時被人告發,說他有反逆之心(xin)。朱(zhu)柏(bo)恐懼,將王(wang)宮改為道觀,名曰:“太暉”。崇(chong)禎八年(nian)曾重(zhong)(zhong)修,有“遍數琳宮,獨此雄甲荊楚”的美譽。
太(tai)暉觀(guan)(guan)坐北朝南,殿(dian)宇(yu)壯偉,樓(lou)閣玲瓏,金碧輝(hui)煌(huang)。前為山門,兩(liang)旁建(jian)有(you)鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou),進(jin)(jin)而為前后排列的四(si)(si)(si)(si)大(da)天王(wang)廟、玉(yu)皇(huang)亭、觀(guan)(guan)音殿(dian)。觀(guan)(guan)音殿(dian)兩(liang)側有(you)東(dong)西兩(liang)大(da)宮(gong)(gong)。東(dong)大(da)宮(gong)(gong)后有(you)娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)、圣(sheng)母殿(dian);西大(da)宮(gong)(gong)后有(you)王(wang)母殿(dian)。經觀(guan)(guan)音殿(dian)入朝圣(sheng)門,進(jin)(jin)祖(zu)(zu)師(shi)頂。現存建(jian)筑有(you)朝圣(sheng)門、祖(zu)(zu)師(shi)殿(dian),建(jian)在條石砌成的高(gao)(gao)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang),臺(tai)高(gao)(gao)八(ba)點二(er)米,正面和兩(liang)側共有(you)石梯三(san)道(dao)。登朝圣(sheng)門,得爬三(san)十二(er)級(ji)石階梯。階梯兩(liang)旁有(you)青(qing)石欄桿,欄板上(shang)(shang)雕刻著各種人物故(gu)事圖案,妙趣橫生。祖(zu)(zu)師(shi)頂四(si)(si)(si)(si)周(zhou),設有(you)兩(liang)米多高(gao)(gao)的圍墻,圍墻上(shang)(shang)鑲嵌大(da)小五百(bai)靈官,千姿(zi)百(bai)態。大(da)殿(dian)原蓋銅瓦,金光閃耀,有(you)“小金頂”之稱。殿(dian)堂廊宇(yu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)周(zhou),豎有(you)十二(er)根(gen)青(qing)石廊柱,其中正面四(si)(si)(si)(si)根(gen)與背面二(er)根(gen)透雕蟠龍,龍頭伸出柱面,鱗甲片片,狀若正在蟠游。殿(dian)內雕梁畫(hua)棟,彩繪滿布(bu),觸(chu)目生輝(hui)。殿(dian)后一(yi)泓清池(chi),碧波(bo)粼粼。四(si)(si)(si)(si)周(zhou)蒼松翠(cui)柏(bo),暗(an)日(ri)迷禽。觀(guan)(guan)前流水(shui)縈繞,倒影(ying)綽約多姿(zi)。從前“每當春暮,游人四(si)(si)(si)(si)布(bu),林野百(bai)戲競(jing)陳,金翠(cui)歌謳,歡連宵(xiao)旦。”四(si)(si)(si)(si)時(shi)游人前來,“相攜素侶盡(jin)忘饑,雙槳搖風入翠(cui)微”盡(jin)情(qing)游賞,留連忘返。
開元觀
全國重(zhong)點文物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。位(wei)于湖北省荊州(zhou)市(shi)中心城區荊西(xi)路。是文物(wu)旅游(you)景(jing)點和(he)游(you)覽勝(sheng)地(di)。始建于唐開元(yuan)年(公元(yuan)713至741年)間(jian),故(gu)名開元(yuan)觀。其現存建筑為明清兩(liang)代重(zhong)建,共有(you)三(san)重(zhong)殿(dian),前(qian)為雷(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)殿(dian)、中為三(san)清殿(dian)、后為祖(zu)(zu)(zu)師殿(dian)。后殿(dian)建于高臺之(zhi)上(shang),前(qian)有(you)天(tian)門,門樓精巧,頂檐(yan)兩(liang)端裝飾有(you)蟠龍(long)(long)一對。祖(zu)(zu)(zu)師殿(dian)飛閣數重(zhong)且雕飾有(you)龍(long)(long)頭,象(xiang)征降(jiang)龍(long)(long)伏(fu)虎(hu)的(de)兩(liang)把寶劍,分別刺入兩(liang)個(ge)龍(long)(long)頭。殿(dian)內正(zheng)中上(shang)方繪有(you)五(wu)色龍(long)(long)鳳,形態栩(xu)栩(xu)如生。觀內現存有(you)明清碑刻、銅(tong)鐘等文物(wu)。雷(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)殿(dian)旁陳列的(de)特大型馬槽(cao)和(he)大鐵(tie)鍋傳說為關羽(yu)和(he)曹操所(suo)用。