玄妙觀
全國重點(dian)文物保護單位。位于(yu)湖北省荊州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)中心城區荊北路,小北門內西側,北靠城墻(qiang)。是荊州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)著(zhu)名的文物旅游景(jing)點(dian)和游覽勝地。始(shi)建于(yu)唐(tang)開元年間(jian)。玄妙觀名稱曾多次變更(geng)。
公元(yuan)(yuan)一○○九(jiu)年(nian),宋真(zhen)宗下詔更名天(tian)慶觀(guan)。公元(yuan)(yuan)一二(er)九(jiu)七年(nian),元(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)宗復(fu)改(gai)為玄妙(miao)觀(guan)。公元(yuan)(yuan)一三三九(jiu)年(nian),元(yuan)(yuan)順(shun)帝(di)賜題“九(jiu)老仙(xian)都宮”。清代為避清圣(sheng)祖(zu)康熙皇帝(di)玄燁之諱(hui),改(gai)名為元(yuan)(yuan)妙(miao)觀(guan)。
古觀原由山門(men)和六座殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閣(ge)組(zu)成(cheng)。六殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閣(ge)分別名(ming)為(wei)(wei)四圣殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)清(qing)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、玉(yu)皇閣(ge)、玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)、圣母殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和梓潼殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。前(qian)四殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)依次成(cheng)直線排列。四殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中最后一(yi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)置于高臺(tai),臺(tai)東(dong)為(wei)(wei)圣母殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),臺(tai)西為(wei)(wei)梓潼殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(供(gong)梓潼帝君)。后來剩下三(san)重建(jian)筑,前(qian)為(wei)(wei)玉(yu)皇閣(ge),中為(wei)(wei)三(san)天門(men),后為(wei)(wei)置于崇臺(tai)之上的(de)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)(又(you)名(ming)紫(zi)皇寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)),均為(wei)(wei)明代萬歷十(shi)二(er)年(公(gong)(gong)元一(yi)五八四年)重建(jian)。玉(yu)皇閣(ge)重建(jian)時(shi)作了擴建(jian),面闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian),進深三(san)間(jian),略呈正方(fang)形,有(you)三(san)重飛檐,每層檐下施有(you)玲瓏(long)美觀的(de)斗拱。三(san)重檐由大(da)而小(xiao),狀似(si)三(san)層塔形。屋頂(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)鉆尖式(shi),托(tuo)一(yi)帶尖頂(ding)(ding)的(de)青銅蓮(lian)花座,直刺云(yun)(yun)天,猶如盛開于天際的(de)金蓮(lian)。鉆尖頂(ding)(ding)上題有(you)“大(da)明萬歷庚辰吉旦”數字。屋面蓋黃、綠二(er)色琉璃瓦,金光閃閃,與后面高聳(song)于崇臺(tai)上的(de)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)相互(hu)輝映,十(shi)分壯美。玉(yu)皇閣(ge)前(qian),豎有(you)一(yi)塊高大(da)的(de)石碑,為(wei)(wei)元順帝至正三(san)年(公(gong)(gong)元一(yi)三(san)四三(san)年)所(suo)立,名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“九老(lao)仙(xian)都宮(gong)(gong)記”碑。根據(ju)碑文(wen)敘(xu)述,元順帝當時(shi)封觀內主持(chi)道人唐洞云(yun)(yun)(道號元靜真人)為(wei)(wei)八仙(xian)之后第九仙(xian),玄(xuan)(xuan)妙觀因而改(gai)名(ming)“九老(lao)仙(xian)都宮(gong)(gong)”。碑文(wen)為(wei)(wei)元代著名(ming)的(de)洞庭學士(shi)歐陽元撰寫,元代大(da)書(shu)法家危素手(shou)書(shu)。字體為(wei)(wei)楷書(shu),陰文(wen),字跡清(qing)晰,筆力遒勁,是(shi)一(yi)件珍貴文(wen)物。 ?
太暉觀
全國重點文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位(wei)。位(wei)于湖(hu)北省荊州(zhou)市荊州(zhou)城西(xi)門外太(tai)(tai)暉(hui)山(shan)上,距荊州(zhou)市3公里(li)。。是(shi)文物(wu)(wu)旅游景(jing)點和游覽(lan)勝地。太(tai)(tai)暉(hui)觀原是(shi)明代湘獻(xian)王(wang)朱(zhu)柏所營建(jian)的王(wang)宮(gong),于洪武(wu)二(er)十六年(公元一三(san)九三(san)年)開始興建(jian)。朱(zhu)柏建(jian)造這所王(wang)宮(gong),在規模和裝(zhuang)飾方面都(dou)超(chao)過(guo)了(le)當時(shi)所規定的等級(ji)建(jian)制(如雕有盤(pan)龍(long)的石柱),即將(jiang)竣(jun)工(gong)時(shi)被人告發,說他(ta)有反逆之心。朱(zhu)柏恐懼,將(jiang)王(wang)宮(gong)改為道觀,名曰:“太(tai)(tai)暉(hui)”。崇(chong)禎八年曾重修,有“遍數琳(lin)宮(gong),獨此(ci)雄甲荊楚”的美譽。
太(tai)暉觀坐(zuo)北朝南,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇(yu)(yu)壯偉,樓閣玲瓏,金碧輝煌(huang)。前為(wei)山門(men),兩(liang)旁建(jian)有(you)(you)鐘鼓(gu)樓,進而(er)為(wei)前后(hou)(hou)排列(lie)的四(si)(si)(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)天(tian)王(wang)廟、玉皇亭、觀音(yin)(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。觀音(yin)(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)側有(you)(you)東西(xi)兩(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)宮。東大(da)(da)(da)(da)宮后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、圣母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);西(xi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)宮后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)王(wang)母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。經(jing)觀音(yin)(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)入(ru)朝圣門(men),進祖師頂(ding)。現存建(jian)筑有(you)(you)朝圣門(men)、祖師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),建(jian)在(zai)條(tiao)石(shi)(shi)砌(qi)成的高臺(tai)上(shang),臺(tai)高八點二米,正面和(he)兩(liang)側共有(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)梯(ti)三道。登(deng)朝圣門(men),得爬(pa)三十二級石(shi)(shi)階(jie)梯(ti)。階(jie)梯(ti)兩(liang)旁有(you)(you)青(qing)石(shi)(shi)欄桿,欄板上(shang)雕刻著(zhu)各種人物故(gu)事(shi)圖(tu)案,妙趣橫生(sheng)。祖師頂(ding)四(si)(si)(si)周(zhou),設有(you)(you)兩(liang)米多高的圍(wei)(wei)墻,圍(wei)(wei)墻上(shang)鑲嵌大(da)(da)(da)(da)小五(wu)百靈官,千姿百態(tai)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原(yuan)蓋銅瓦,金光閃耀(yao),有(you)(you)“小金頂(ding)”之稱。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂廊宇(yu)(yu)四(si)(si)(si)周(zhou),豎有(you)(you)十二根青(qing)石(shi)(shi)廊柱,其中正面四(si)(si)(si)根與背面二根透雕蟠龍,龍頭伸出柱面,鱗甲片(pian)(pian)片(pian)(pian),狀若正在(zai)蟠游(you)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內雕梁(liang)畫棟,彩繪滿布,觸目生(sheng)輝。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)一泓(hong)清池,碧波粼粼。四(si)(si)(si)周(zhou)蒼(cang)松翠(cui)柏,暗(an)日迷禽。觀前流水縈繞(rao),倒影綽約(yue)多姿。從(cong)前“每當(dang)春(chun)暮,游(you)人四(si)(si)(si)布,林野百戲競(jing)陳,金翠(cui)歌謳,歡連宵旦。”四(si)(si)(si)時游(you)人前來,“相攜素侶盡忘(wang)饑,雙槳搖風入(ru)翠(cui)微”盡情游(you)賞,留連忘(wang)返。
開元觀
全(quan)國(guo)重點(dian)文物保護單位。位于湖北省荊州市中心(xin)城(cheng)區(qu)荊西路。是文物旅游(you)景點(dian)和游(you)覽(lan)勝地。始(shi)建(jian)于唐開(kai)元(yuan)年(公元(yuan)713至741年)間,故名開(kai)元(yuan)觀。其現存建(jian)筑為明(ming)清兩(liang)代重建(jian),共有(you)三(san)重殿(dian)(dian)(dian),前為雷(lei)祖殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、中為三(san)清殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、后(hou)為祖師(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。后(hou)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)于高臺(tai)之上,前有(you)天門,門樓精巧,頂檐兩(liang)端裝飾有(you)蟠龍一(yi)對。祖師(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)飛閣(ge)數(shu)重且雕飾有(you)龍頭(tou),象征降龍伏虎的兩(liang)把(ba)寶劍,分別刺入兩(liang)個龍頭(tou)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內正中上方繪有(you)五色(se)龍鳳,形(xing)態栩(xu)栩(xu)如生。觀內現存有(you)明(ming)清碑(bei)刻、銅鐘等文物。雷(lei)祖殿(dian)(dian)(dian)旁陳列(lie)的特(te)大(da)型馬槽(cao)和大(da)鐵鍋傳說為關羽和曹操所用。