玄妙觀
全國重點文物保護單位。位于湖北(bei)(bei)(bei)省荊(jing)州市(shi)中心城(cheng)區荊(jing)北(bei)(bei)(bei)路,小北(bei)(bei)(bei)門內(nei)西側,北(bei)(bei)(bei)靠城(cheng)墻(qiang)。是荊(jing)州市(shi)著名(ming)的文物旅(lv)游景點和游覽勝地。始建于唐開元年間(jian)。玄妙觀名(ming)稱(cheng)曾多(duo)次變更。
公元(yuan)一(yi)○○九年(nian),宋真宗(zong)下詔更名(ming)天慶觀(guan)。公元(yuan)一(yi)二九七年(nian),元(yuan)成宗(zong)復(fu)改為玄(xuan)妙觀(guan)。公元(yuan)一(yi)三三九年(nian),元(yuan)順帝(di)賜題“九老仙都宮”。清代為避清圣祖(zu)康熙(xi)皇帝(di)玄(xuan)燁(ye)之諱,改名(ming)為元(yuan)妙觀(guan)。
古觀原由(you)山門和六座(zuo)(zuo)殿(dian)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)組(zu)成。六殿(dian)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)分(fen)別名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)圣(sheng)殿(dian)、三(san)(san)清殿(dian)、玉皇(huang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)、玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)(ge)(ge)、圣(sheng)母殿(dian)和梓潼(tong)(tong)殿(dian)。前(qian)(qian)四(si)殿(dian)依次成直線排列。四(si)殿(dian)中(zhong)最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)殿(dian)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)(ge)(ge)置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)高臺(tai)(tai),臺(tai)(tai)東為(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)母殿(dian),臺(tai)(tai)西為(wei)(wei)(wei)梓潼(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(供梓潼(tong)(tong)帝君)。后(hou)來(lai)剩下(xia)三(san)(san)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)筑,前(qian)(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)玉皇(huang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge),中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)天(tian)門,后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)崇臺(tai)(tai)之上(shang)的(de)(de)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)(ge)(ge)(又名(ming)(ming)紫皇(huang)寶殿(dian)),均為(wei)(wei)(wei)明代萬歷(li)十二(er)(er)年(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)五八(ba)四(si)年)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)。玉皇(huang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)時作了擴建(jian),面闊三(san)(san)間,進(jin)深三(san)(san)間,略呈正(zheng)方(fang)形(xing),有(you)(you)三(san)(san)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)飛檐,每(mei)層(ceng)檐下(xia)施(shi)有(you)(you)玲瓏(long)美觀的(de)(de)斗拱。三(san)(san)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)檐由(you)大(da)而小,狀似三(san)(san)層(ceng)塔形(xing)。屋(wu)頂為(wei)(wei)(wei)鉆尖式,托一(yi)(yi)帶尖頂的(de)(de)青銅蓮(lian)花(hua)座(zuo)(zuo),直刺云天(tian),猶如盛開于(yu)(yu)天(tian)際的(de)(de)金(jin)蓮(lian)。鉆尖頂上(shang)題(ti)有(you)(you)“大(da)明萬歷(li)庚(geng)辰吉旦”數字(zi)。屋(wu)面蓋黃、綠(lv)二(er)(er)色琉璃瓦,金(jin)光閃閃,與(yu)后(hou)面高聳于(yu)(yu)崇臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)的(de)(de)玄(xuan)(xuan)武閣(ge)(ge)(ge)相互(hu)輝映(ying),十分(fen)壯美。玉皇(huang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)前(qian)(qian),豎有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)塊高大(da)的(de)(de)石碑(bei),為(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)順帝至正(zheng)三(san)(san)年(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)四(si)三(san)(san)年)所立,名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“九老(lao)仙(xian)都宮記(ji)”碑(bei)。根據碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)敘述,元(yuan)(yuan)順帝當時封觀內主持道人唐(tang)洞云(道號元(yuan)(yuan)靜真人)為(wei)(wei)(wei)八(ba)仙(xian)之后(hou)第九仙(xian),玄(xuan)(xuan)妙(miao)觀因而改名(ming)(ming)“九老(lao)仙(xian)都宮”。碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)代著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)洞庭學士歐陽元(yuan)(yuan)撰寫,元(yuan)(yuan)代大(da)書法家危素手書。字(zi)體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)楷書,陰文(wen)(wen),字(zi)跡清晰(xi),筆力遒勁(jing),是一(yi)(yi)件珍貴文(wen)(wen)物。 ?
太暉觀
全(quan)國重(zhong)點文物保護單位。位于湖(hu)北省荊(jing)州(zhou)市(shi)荊(jing)州(zhou)城西門外太暉(hui)山上,距荊(jing)州(zhou)市(shi)3公里(li)。。是(shi)文物旅(lv)游(you)景點和游(you)覽勝地(di)。太暉(hui)觀(guan)原是(shi)明代湘獻王朱(zhu)柏(bo)所營(ying)建(jian)的王宮,于洪(hong)武二十六年(nian)(公元一三(san)九三(san)年(nian))開(kai)始興(xing)建(jian)。朱(zhu)柏(bo)建(jian)造(zao)這(zhe)所王宮,在規(gui)模和裝飾方面都超過了當時所規(gui)定(ding)的等級建(jian)制(zhi)(如雕有盤龍(long)的石柱),即將竣工時被人告發,說他有反逆之心。朱(zhu)柏(bo)恐(kong)懼,將王宮改為道觀(guan),名(ming)曰:“太暉(hui)”。崇禎八年(nian)曾重(zhong)修,有“遍(bian)數(shu)琳宮,獨此雄(xiong)甲荊(jing)楚”的美譽。
太暉觀坐北(bei)朝南(nan),殿(dian)(dian)宇壯偉(wei),樓(lou)閣玲瓏,金碧(bi)輝煌。前(qian)(qian)(qian)為山(shan)門,兩(liang)(liang)旁(pang)建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)鐘鼓樓(lou),進而為前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)排列(lie)的(de)(de)四大(da)天王(wang)廟、玉皇亭(ting)、觀音殿(dian)(dian)。觀音殿(dian)(dian)兩(liang)(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)東西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)大(da)宮(gong)。東大(da)宮(gong)后(hou)有(you)(you)(you)娘娘殿(dian)(dian)、圣母(mu)殿(dian)(dian);西(xi)(xi)大(da)宮(gong)后(hou)有(you)(you)(you)王(wang)母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)。經觀音殿(dian)(dian)入朝圣門,進祖師頂(ding)(ding)。現存建(jian)筑有(you)(you)(you)朝圣門、祖師殿(dian)(dian),建(jian)在(zai)條石(shi)砌成的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)臺上(shang),臺高(gao)(gao)八點二米,正(zheng)面(mian)和(he)兩(liang)(liang)側共有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)梯(ti)三道(dao)。登朝圣門,得爬三十二級石(shi)階梯(ti)。階梯(ti)兩(liang)(liang)旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)青(qing)石(shi)欄桿,欄板上(shang)雕(diao)刻著(zhu)各種(zhong)人物故事圖案,妙趣橫(heng)生。祖師頂(ding)(ding)四周,設(she)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)米多高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)圍墻(qiang),圍墻(qiang)上(shang)鑲(xiang)嵌大(da)小五百(bai)靈官,千姿百(bai)態。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)原蓋銅瓦(wa),金光閃耀(yao),有(you)(you)(you)“小金頂(ding)(ding)”之稱。殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang)廊宇四周,豎有(you)(you)(you)十二根(gen)青(qing)石(shi)廊柱,其(qi)中正(zheng)面(mian)四根(gen)與背面(mian)二根(gen)透雕(diao)蟠(pan)龍,龍頭(tou)伸出柱面(mian),鱗甲片片,狀(zhuang)若(ruo)正(zheng)在(zai)蟠(pan)游。殿(dian)(dian)內雕(diao)梁畫(hua)棟,彩繪滿布,觸目生輝。殿(dian)(dian)后(hou)一(yi)泓(hong)清池,碧(bi)波(bo)粼(lin)粼(lin)。四周蒼松翠柏(bo),暗日(ri)迷禽。觀前(qian)(qian)(qian)流水縈繞,倒影綽(chuo)約多姿。從前(qian)(qian)(qian)“每(mei)當春(chun)暮,游人四布,林野(ye)百(bai)戲競陳,金翠歌謳,歡連(lian)宵旦。”四時游人前(qian)(qian)(qian)來,“相(xiang)攜(xie)素侶(lv)盡忘饑,雙槳搖風入翠微”盡情游賞,留連(lian)忘返。
開元觀
全國重點(dian)文物(wu)保護單位(wei)(wei)。位(wei)(wei)于湖北省荊(jing)州(zhou)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心城區荊(jing)西(xi)路。是文物(wu)旅游景點(dian)和游覽勝地。始建于唐開元年(公元713至741年)間,故名開元觀。其(qi)現(xian)存建筑為明清兩(liang)(liang)代重建,共有三(san)重殿(dian)(dian)(dian),前為雷祖(zu)(zu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、中(zhong)(zhong)為三(san)清殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、后為祖(zu)(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建于高臺之上,前有天門(men),門(men)樓精巧,頂檐(yan)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)裝飾有蟠龍(long)(long)一對。祖(zu)(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)飛閣數重且雕飾有龍(long)(long)頭,象征降龍(long)(long)伏虎(hu)的(de)兩(liang)(liang)把寶劍,分別刺入兩(liang)(liang)個龍(long)(long)頭。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內正中(zhong)(zhong)上方(fang)繪有五色龍(long)(long)鳳,形態栩栩如生。觀內現(xian)存有明清碑刻、銅鐘等(deng)文物(wu)。雷祖(zu)(zu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)旁陳列的(de)特大(da)型馬槽和大(da)鐵鍋傳說為關羽(yu)和曹操(cao)所用(yong)。