解放海南島(dao)戰(zhan)役(yi)烈士陵(ling)園(原名(ming)海口(kou)市(shi)金(jin)牛嶺(ling)革(ge)命烈士陵(ling)園)是(shi)海南省重點革(ge)命紀(ji)念(nian)建筑物保護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)、海南省及海口(kou)市(shi)國(guo)防教(jiao)育(yu)、愛國(guo)主(zhu)義教(jiao)育(yu)和青(qing)少年革(ge)命傳統教(jiao)育(yu)基地,位(wei)于海口(kou)市(shi)海秀中路102號金(jin)牛嶺(ling)公園內。管(guan)理單(dan)(dan)位(wei)是(shi)海口(kou)市(shi)民政局。
解放(fang)海(hai)南(nan)(nan)島(dao)戰(zhan)役烈(lie)士陵園始(shi)建于(yu)1957年(nian),是廣東省海(hai)南(nan)(nan)行政公署(shu)、海(hai)口市人(ren)民(min)委(wei)員會和(he)中國人(ren)民(min)解放(fang)軍(jun)海(hai)南(nan)(nan)軍(jun)區司令部、政治部為紀念長(chang)期堅持瓊島(dao)革命斗爭和(he)英勇渡海(hai)作戰(zhan)中犧牲的烈(lie)士而修建的。占地面(mian)積93.08畝,建筑面(mian)積720平(ping)方米。整(zheng)個陵園莊(zhuang)嚴肅穆,松柏常(chang)青,環境優雅。
解放海(hai)南(nan)(nan)島戰(zhan)役烈士陵(ling)(ling)園正前方是一座大(da)型圓錐體的無(wu)名烈士的集(ji)體陵(ling)(ling)墓(mu),原建(jian)在(zai)白(bai)沙門(men)戰(zhan)斗遺址,1983年遷至現址。陵(ling)(ling)墓(mu)前面(mian)(mian)豎立(li)一座石碑,正面(mian)(mian)鐫刻朱德同(tong)志(zhi)1957年1月27日的題詞“渡(du)海(hai)英(ying)雄(xiong)永垂(chui)不朽”,背面(mian)(mian)刻有(you)海(hai)南(nan)(nan)行署、海(hai)口市人民(min)委員會和海(hai)南(nan)(nan)軍區司令部(bu)、政治部(bu)立(li)的《悼白(bai)沙門(men)上的烈士》的長篇(pian)碑文。陵(ling)(ling)墓(mu)后面(mian)(mian)為單(dan)體烈士墓(mu),有(you)李(li)振亞、王(wang)白(bai)倫(lun)、黃魂(hun)、王(wang)業熹、符明經、劉秋菊等(deng)革命(ming)烈士和革命(ming)同(tong)志(zhi)之墓(mu)110多座。1988年在(zai)陵(ling)(ling)園前方另建(jian)烈士陵(ling)(ling)園骨灰樓一幢(chuang)。2004年4月,瓊崖地下學(xue)聯烈士墓(mu)也安置于(yu)該陵(ling)(ling)園內(nei)。
解放海(hai)南島戰役烈(lie)士陵園(原名海(hai)口市(shi)金(jin)牛嶺革命(ming)烈(lie)士陵園)是海(hai)南省(sheng)重(zhong)點革命(ming)紀(ji)念建筑物保護單位,位于海(hai)口市(shi)金(jin)牛嶺公(gong)園。
場(chang)所(suo)介紹:陵園始建于1957年(nian),是海南(nan)行政(zheng)公署、海口市人民(min)委(wei)員會和海南(nan)軍區司令部(bu)、政(zheng)治部(bu)為紀(ji)念長期堅持瓊(qiong)島革命(ming)斗爭和英(ying)勇(yong)渡海作戰(zhan)中犧(xi)牲的(de)烈士而修建的(de),占地面積93.08畝,原建在(zai)白沙門戰(zhan)斗遺址(zhi),1983年(nian)遷至(zhi)現址(zhi)。
烈(lie)士陵園(yuan)(yuan)位(wei)于公園(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)部綠樹(shu)環抱(bao)之中(zhong),陵園(yuan)(yuan)里安葬著1950年為解放海南島首批渡海登(deng)陸作戰中(zhong)光榮捐軀的人(ren)民解放軍渡海先鋒營官兵,建有(you)烈(lie)士紀念堂(tang)、烈(lie)士事跡(ji)陳(chen)列室等,環境氣氛莊嚴肅(su)穆(mu)。
為(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)在(zai)解(jie)放(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)島渡海(hai)(hai)作戰中英(ying)勇犧牲的(de)(de)烈士,1957年(nian)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)行政公署在(zai)海(hai)(hai)口市(shi)金(jin)牛(niu)嶺興建(jian)“金(jin)牛(niu)嶺革命烈士陵(ling)園(yuan)”。為(wei)了凸顯解(jie)放(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)島戰役的(de)(de)紀(ji)念(nian)意義(yi),2007年(nian)1月(yue),省政府(fu)批準將(jiang)“金(jin)牛(niu)嶺革命烈士陵(ling)園(yuan)”更名為(wei)“解(jie)放(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)島戰役烈士陵(ling)園(yuan)”,并向(xiang)國務院申報列入全國重點烈士紀(ji)念(nian)建(jian)筑物保護單位(wei)。
1949年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)18日(ri),毛澤東主席向中(zhong)國人民解(jie)放軍第四野戰(zhan)(zhan)軍發出(chu)準備渡(du)海(hai)(hai)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)解(jie)放海(hai)(hai)南島(dao)(dao)的命令。1950年(nian),在(zai)瓊崖(ya)縱隊和全島(dao)(dao)人民的大(da)(da)力接(jie)應、配合下(xia),渡(du)海(hai)(hai)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)部隊先于3月(yue)(yue)初至4月(yue)(yue)初分(fen)兩批四次潛渡(du)瓊州海(hai)(hai)峽,勝(sheng)利登陸(lu),增加島(dao)(dao)上(shang)接(jie)應力量(liang),然后于4月(yue)(yue)16日(ri)發起大(da)(da)規(gui)模渡(du)海(hai)(hai)強攻(gong),23日(ri)解(jie)放海(hai)(hai)口市,乘(cheng)勝(sheng)追擊(ji),于5月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)解(jie)放海(hai)(hai)南島(dao)(dao)。在(zai)解(jie)放海(hai)(hai)南戰(zhan)(zhan)役中(zhong),我軍共殲敵3.3萬余人,但也付出(chu)了巨大(da)(da)的代(dai)價(jia),傷亡4500余人。
解(jie)放海(hai)(hai)南島戰役烈(lie)士陵園(yuan)(yuan)(原名(ming)金(jin)牛嶺(ling)(ling)陵園(yuan)(yuan))位于海(hai)(hai)口市海(hai)(hai)秀中(zhong)路的金(jin)牛嶺(ling)(ling)公園(yuan)(yuan)內,始建于1957年,是廣東省海(hai)(hai)南行政公署、中(zhong)國(guo)人民解(jie)放軍(jun)海(hai)(hai)南軍(jun)區(qu)司令部、政治部為(wei)紀念長期堅持瓊島革命(ming)斗(dou)爭和英(ying)勇(yong)渡海(hai)(hai)作(zuo)戰中(zhong)犧牲的烈(lie)士而修建。
解放(fang)(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)島戰(zhan)(zhan)役烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)陵(ling)園為全國重點烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建(jian)筑物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)、海(hai)(hai)口(kou)市文物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)。陵(ling)園經海(hai)(hai)口(kou)市政府批準于(yu)2009年(nian)12月(yue)興建(jian)解放(fang)(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)島戰(zhan)(zhan)役烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)陵(ling)園紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)碑及廣場(chang),紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)碑和(he)廣場(chang)占地面(mian)(mian)積4200平(ping)方米,紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)碑高16米,刻(ke)著“解放(fang)(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)永(yong)垂不朽”,紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)碑整體(ti)(ti)像一(yi)支(zhi)乘(cheng)風破浪的(de)(de)(de)帆(fan)船,船體(ti)(ti)前后雕刻(ke)有(you)渡海(hai)(hai)部隊、瓊崖(ya)(ya)縱(zong)(zong)隊解放(fang)(fang)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)英(ying)勇作戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)場(chang)景和(he)簡介,展現(xian)了(le)渡海(hai)(hai)作戰(zhan)(zhan)英(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)人物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)輝(hui)形象和(he)瓊崖(ya)(ya)縱(zong)(zong)隊二(er)十(shi)三(san)年(nian)紅旗(qi)不倒的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)輝(hui)業(ye)績。紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)碑后是一(yi)座(zuo)大型(xing)圓(yuan)錐(zhui)(zhui)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)墓(mu),墓(mu)前豎立一(yi)座(zuo)石碑,正面(mian)(mian)鐫刻(ke)朱德(de)題詞“渡海(hai)(hai)英(ying)雄(xiong)(xiong)永(yong)垂不朽”,左右兩邊刻(ke)有(you)在渡海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)役中英(ying)勇犧牲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)中國人民解放(fang)(fang)軍(jun)第四十(shi)軍(jun)、第四十(shi)三(san)軍(jun)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)名(ming)(ming)字。左邊為兩排(pai)革命(ming)(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)之墓(mu)110多座(zuo)。大型(xing)圓(yuan)錐(zhui)(zhui)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)墓(mu)后有(you)李振亞、王(wang)白倫、黃魂、王(wang)業(ye)熹、符明經、劉秋菊革命(ming)(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)之墓(mu)。后面(mian)(mian)建(jian)有(you)一(yi)座(zuo)宏偉的(de)(de)(de)革命(ming)(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)名(ming)(ming)錄墻,墻上鐫刻(ke)著海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)革命(ming)(ming)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭中犧牲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)18861名(ming)(ming)瓊崖(ya)(ya)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)名(ming)(ming)字。
黃魂(1903~1944) 原名符權重,海(hai)(hai)南瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)海(hai)(hai)口市(shi))人,1926年(nian)3月加入中(zhong)(zhong)國共產(chan)黨(dang)。歷任中(zhong)(zhong)共瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)十三區委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副書記(ji)(ji),中(zhong)(zhong)共定安縣(xian)(xian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)東縣(xian)(xian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)書記(ji)(ji),中(zhong)(zhong)共瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)澄縣(xian)(xian)工委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)書記(ji)(ji),中(zhong)(zhong)共瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)崖特委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員、常委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兼(jian)宣傳(chuan)部長、統(tong)戰部長,瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)抗日民主政府縣(xian)(xian)長,瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)崖東北(bei)區抗日民主政府委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員,瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)崖南區軍政委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員會主任、瓊(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)(qiong)崖抗日獨立總(zong)隊政治部主任等(deng)職。1944年(nian)5月從昌江縣(xian)(xian)返(fan)回總(zong)隊部途(tu)中(zhong)(zhong),遭日軍襲擊(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)彈(dan)被俘(fu),被日軍殺(sha)害。
王業熹(xi)(1899~1947) 字(zi)潔夫,海(hai)南(nan)樂會縣(今瓊(qiong)海(hai)市)人。1925年加(jia)入中國共(gong)產黨。1927年參加(jia)瓊(qiong)崖討逆革(ge)命軍(jun)。后歷(li)任(ren)共(gong)青團瓊(qiong)崖特(te)委(wei)(wei)組織部(bu)長(chang)(chang)、中共(gong)陵(ling)水縣委(wei)(wei)委(wei)(wei)員、陵(ling)水縣蘇維埃(ai)政府(fu)主(zhu)席、瓊(qiong)崖蘇維埃(ai)政府(fu)常委(wei)(wei)兼(jian)秘書(shu)長(chang)(chang)、瓊(qiong)崖抗(kang)日獨(du)立總(zong)隊政訓室(政治部(bu))主(zhu)任(ren)、中共(gong)瓊(qiong)崖特(te)委(wei)(wei)秘書(shu)長(chang)(chang)等職(zhi)。1947年5月因積勞成疾(ji)在澄邁縣病逝。
符明(ming)經(1901~1946) 又名符文光,海南瓊(qiong)(qiong)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(今瓊(qiong)(qiong)海市)人。1926年加入中(zhong)國共(gong)(gong)產黨。歷任中(zhong)共(gong)(gong)瓊(qiong)(qiong)崖特委(wei)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)、瓊(qiong)(qiong)崖蘇維(wei)埃政(zheng)(zheng)府常務委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)長(主席)、中(zhong)共(gong)(gong)瓊(qiong)(qiong)崖西南臨委(wei)書記、瓊(qiong)(qiong)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)抗日(ri)(ri)民主政(zheng)(zheng)府縣(xian)(xian)(xian)長、瓊(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)抗日(ri)(ri)民主政(zheng)(zheng)府縣(xian)(xian)(xian)長、瓊(qiong)(qiong)崖東北區抗日(ri)(ri)民主政(zheng)(zheng)府委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)、瓊(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)民主政(zheng)(zheng)府縣(xian)(xian)(xian)長等職。1946年4月在瓊(qiong)(qiong)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)茄芮山(shan)戰斗中(zhong)犧牲。