焦圈是一種(zhong)老(lao)(lao)北京傳統的特(te)色(se)小吃(chi),色(se)澤深黃,形如(ru)手(shou)鐲,焦香酥脆(cui),風味獨(du)特(te)。在老(lao)(lao)北京,男(nan)女老(lao)(lao)少都愛(ai)吃(chi)焦圈。北京人吃(chi)燒餅愛(ai)夾焦圈,喝豆汁(zhi)的時候也愛(ai)就著焦圈。
焦(jiao)圈是(shi)一(yi)種古老的食(shi)品(pin)。宋代蘇東坡曾寫過(guo)一(yi)首詩,相傳是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)第一(yi)首產(chan)品(pin)廣告詩:“纖(xian)手(shou)搓成玉數尋,碧(bi)油煎出(chu)嫩黃深,夜來(lai)春睡無輕重,壓褊佳人纏臂金。”明代李時珍的《本草綱(gang)目·谷部》也有(you)記載:“入少鹽(yan),牽索扭捻成環(huan)釧之形,油煎食(shi)之。”焦(jiao)圈可貯存十天(tian)半月,質不變,脆(cui)如初(chu),酥脆(cui)不皮,是(shi)千百年(nian)來(lai)人們(men)喜愛的食(shi)品(pin)。
一、將(jiang)精(jing)鹽、堿面、明礬(fan)(fan)一起放人(ren)盆(pen)中,輕輕砸碎,加入(ru)溫水(shui)150克(ke),用木槌研(yan)攪(jiao)。研(yan)攪(jiao)時,盆(pen)中發(fa)出“嗡嗡”的聲音,并均勻地(di)冒起半個米粒(li)大(da)的泡(pao)沫,才符合要求。如研(yan)攪(jiao)時不(bu)起泡(pao)沫,即是堿大(da),可適(shi)量加些(xie)明礬(fan)(fan);如泡(pao)沫很大(da),且較長時間不(bu)消失,則(ze)是礬(fan)(fan)大(da),可再加些(xie)堿。研(yan)攪(jiao)合適(shi)后,再倒人(ren)溫水(shui)150克(ke)攪(jiao)勻,即成調料溶(rong)液。
二、從盆中(zhong)取出(chu)1/10的溶液留起來備(bei)用(yong)。將面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)粉倒人盆內,與溶液一(yi)(yi)起和成面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)。從留起來的溶液中(zhong)取1/2灑(sa)在(zai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)上(shang)(shang)揉(rou)勻,并(bing)將面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)對(dui)折(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)下,蓋上(shang)(shang)濕布(bu),餳15分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。然后,取下蓋布(bu),雙手蘸(zhan)上(shang)(shang)剩(sheng)下的溶液將面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)按(an)揉(rou)幾(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong),翻(fan)過面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)再(zai)按(an)揉(rou)幾(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong),仍將面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)對(dui)折(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)下,蓋上(shang)(shang)濕布(bu),再(zai)餳15分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。第三次,在(zai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)涂上(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)層花(hua)生油(you),再(zai)按(an)揉(rou)一(yi)(yi)遍,對(dui)折(zhe)(zhe)起來餳15分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。第四次,將面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)放在(zai)抹了油(you)的案板上(shang)(shang)摁平,用(yong)小炸(zha)刀在(zai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)上(shang)(shang)隨意劃一(yi)(yi)些橫豎交(jiao)叉的刀紋(wen)(以使其餳得快(kuai)),對(dui)折(zhe)(zhe)后,在(zai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)涂上(shang)(shang)薄(bo)薄(bo)的一(yi)(yi)層油(you),再(zai)餳60分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。
三(san)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)炸刀將(jiang)餳好(hao)的(de)面(mian)團切割下(xia)3.3厘(li)米寬(kuan)(kuan)、19.8厘(li)米長的(de)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao),有油的(de)一(yi)(yi)面(mian)朝上(shang),橫放在(zai)油案(an)板的(de)邊沿(yan)上(shang),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)(shou)(shou)壓(ya)(ya)薄(bo)壓(ya)(ya)平。然后,將(jiang)條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)左手(shou)(shou)(shou)壓(ya)(ya)在(zai)案(an)上(shang),右(you)手(shou)(shou)(shou)將(jiang)另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)向外一(yi)(yi)抻,抻成很薄(bo)的(de)長條(tiao)(tiao)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)刀將(jiang)長條(tiao)(tiao)每(mei)隔2.0厘(li)米寬(kuan)(kuan)剁一(yi)(yi)刀,即成為制坯的(de)小(xiao)劑。隨后取兩(liang)個小(xiao)劑,油面(mian)對油面(mian)地橫著摞起來,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙手(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)中指在(zai)小(xiao)劑中間橫摁一(yi)(yi)道溝,再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)炸刀順著溝切一(yi)(yi)道縫(feng),即為面(mian)坯。
四、將(jiang)(jiang)花生油(you)倒人鍋內(nei),在旺(wang)火(huo)上燒(shao)到(dao)六成(cheng)熱(re),把面(mian)坯(pi)逐(zhu)個(ge)稍抻(chen)一下,,放人溫鍋中炸。面(mian)坯(pi)在熱(re)油(you)中很快就浮起來(lai),立即(ji)用長筷子(zi)將(jiang)(jiang)它翻過(guo),并將(jiang)(jiang)筷子(zi)插(cha)入縫(feng)中,來(lai)回(hui)輕輕地碰撞縫(feng)的兩端,將(jiang)(jiang)縫(feng)碰寬后,再用筷子(zi)將(jiang)(jiang)縫(feng)撐圓,并套在筷子(zi)上劃幾個(ge)圓圈(quan)(quan),面(mian)坯(pi)就成(cheng)了(le)一個(ge)圓形的圈(quan)(quan)。這時要勤翻過(guo),每(mei)個(ge)至少(shao)翻4次,將(jiang)(jiang)圈(quan)(quan)兩面(mian)都炸成(cheng)深黃色即(ji)成(cheng)。
一般(ban)人群均(jun)可(ke)食(shi)用,但糖尿病、高血脂人群、孕婦不宜食(shi)用;消(xiao)化力(li)弱、老年人、少(shao)兒不宜多食(shi)。該食(shi)物太過油膩,可(ke)使人記憶力(li)衰退,加速(su)人體老化。