“南(nan)龍(long)王廟”,因其(qi)位于當(dang)(dang)初包(bao)頭鎮東南(nan)隅而得名,坐落在城內東南(nan)菜(cai)園附近。作(zuo)為老包(bao)頭較早修建的廟宇之一,這里是當(dang)(dang)時(shi)農(nong)民為祭祀龍(long)王、祈求心(xin)愿而建。
相傳很久以(yi)前(qian),少女金(jin)鳳(feng)在挖(wa)野(ye)菜的途中拾(shi)到一(yi)(yi)顆紅果(guo)子,食用后(hou)竟然(ran)懷孕了,后(hou)生下一(yi)(yi)子。令(ling)人(ren)更(geng)奇怪的是男孩出生時頭上長著(zhu)個小角,金(jin)鳳(feng)給他(ta)取名“玉(yu)龍”。玉(yu)龍長到十幾歲(sui)時,連(lian)續三年大旱,使得(de)菜園附近(jin)的農民(min)走投無路,只能背井離鄉。“玉(yu)龍”見狀(zhuang),騰云而(er)去變為一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)小金(jin)龍,為當地百姓降(jiang)下雨(yu)水。后(hou)人(ren)為紀念這條(tiao)善良的玉(yu)龍和他(ta)的媽(ma)媽(ma),于是便(bian)在城南他(ta)們的家(jia)中蓋起一(yi)(yi)座龍王廟。
南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)廟(miao)的建廟(miao)時(shi)間(jian)可以(yi)推算到明后期阿(a)勒(le)坦汗時(shi)代,康熙年間(jian)修(xiu)廟(miao),后又(you)經(jing)過多次重修(xiu)。曾存清康熙五(wu)年補修(xiu)匾額,乾隆年間(jian)有正殿三門,東(dong)西寮房各五(wu)間(jian),建山門、鐘(zhong)鼓樓等,主(zhu)供廣濟龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)廟(miao)一帶(dai)因緊貼東(dong)河,山西晉(jin)(jin)商(shang)走西口因此地(di)水源(yuan)較足而在此繁衍(yan)生息,為山西晉(jin)(jin)商(shang)發源(yuan)之地(di)。各行各業的商(shang)人也都在廟(miao)內(nei)供奉自己(ji)的行業祖師,如染(ran)布業的祖師梅葛二仙,醫藥業的祖師軒轅黃帝(di),建筑(zhu)業的祖師魯班等等,使(shi)得南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)廟(miao)的信仰更加豐(feng)富多彩,民(min)眾(zhong)和諧康泰。
四百多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)風(feng)雨雨,南龍(long)(long)(long)王廟(miao)度過了(le)歷(li)(li)史的(de)(de)(de)(de)滄桑洗禮。如今國運昌(chang)隆(long),宗教(jiao)信(xin)仰得到落實,為了(le)滿足(zu)群眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)教(jiao)需求,南龍(long)(long)(long)王廟(miao)重新(xin)恢復(fu),設想(xiang)以歷(li)(li)史原貌(mao)恢復(fu)道教(jiao)宗教(jiao)活動。祈愿(yuan)在新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai),龍(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精神(shen)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)遍及(ji)九(jiu)州,龍(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)人能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)將祖先的(de)(de)(de)(de)文明發(fa)揚光大。重振晉商精神(shen),讓老包頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)魂(hun)再(zai)次升騰。
老包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)有一條(tiao)“南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟巷”,因巷頭(tou)(tou)東側建有龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟而得(de)名。這座龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟,就是老包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)第一座寺廟。南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟是包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)較(jiao)早(zao)修建的(de)廟宇(yu),是較(jiao)早(zao)來(lai)到包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)地界定居的(de)農牧民為(wei)祭(ji)祀龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)而修建的(de)。祈求龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)降雨(yu)是早(zao)年百姓的(de)共同心愿,龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)也是古代自然(ran)崇拜中產(chan)生的(de)氣象(xiang)神(shen)。傳說龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)本領非凡(fan),能(neng)采雨(yu)露之(zhi)精,能(neng)大能(neng)小,吸則渤(bo)海(hai)可(ke)枯(ku),施則高原可(ke)沒……特別(bie)是佛教傳入中國以來(lai),龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)信仰成為(wei)民間(jian)的(de)重要(yao)神(shen)靈(ling)之(zhi)一。
南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)具體修(xiu)建時間不(bu)詳(xiang),它曾經(jing)過多次重修(xiu),光緒元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1875)所立(li)修(xiu)葺碑(bei)(bei)《小記》云:“鎮(包(bao)頭鎮)之(zhi)(zhi)東南隅(yu),舊(jiu)有龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)一(yi)楹,系土默特蒙(meng)古所建。不(bu)知(zhi)建于(yu)(yu)何時,有康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)補修(xiu)匾額(e),越(yue)乾隆間,農民漸集,益以禪房、山門、鐘(zhong)鼓樂樓……”等語。據此可知(zhi),早在康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1666)之(zhi)(zhi)前就已建廟(miao)。《碑(bei)(bei)文》還記載 “新(xin)廟(miao)肇于(yu)(yu)康(kang)熙(xi)(xi),修(xiu)于(yu)(yu)乾隆,迄(qi)今(jin)二百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)矣”。從這(zhe)兩段碑(bei)(bei)文看,南龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)應該(gai)修(xiu)建于(yu)(yu)康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)至康(kang)熙(xi)(xi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)間,也(ye)就是1662年(nian)(nian)(nian)至1665年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)間。另有碑(bei)(bei)文記載:太平之(zhi)(zhi)世(shi),五(wu)風(feng)十(shi)雨(yu)(yu)。是知(zhi)萬物非雨(yu)(yu)不(bu)生(sheng),非風(feng)不(bu)暢(chang)。而農家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)風(feng)雨(yu)(yu)為尤切。包(bao)鎮舊(jiu)有龍(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao),為農民祈雨(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)所,先輩建之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)東南巽地,以主(zhu)風(feng)神以降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu),亦此意歟?然廟(miao)肇于(yu)(yu)康(kang)熙(xi)(xi),修(xiu)于(yu)(yu)乾隆,迄(qi)今(jin)二百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)矣。
造(zao)化日(ri)新,物極必變(bian)。園(yuan)行久欲重(zhong)建(jian),而(er)力不勝,因竭力醵貲千金,付托(tuo)公行。公行諸君子出其鼎力,慨然主(zhu)成其事,插田(tian)基而(er)拓之(zhi)增之(zhi)……正殿五間,山門三(san)間,禪堂香積,以及鐘鼓樂樓皆(jie)備焉。南(nan)龍王廟一帶因緊貼東(dong)河,水源(yuan)較足,約有(you)數(shu)百畝頭等水澆地,后來(lai)被山西(xi)祁縣(xian)喬家在包的復字號買斷,專門種植蔬菜,后命名復盛(sheng)園(yuan),建(jian)國后改(gai)名解放菜園(yuan)。