“南(nan)龍(long)王廟”,因其位于當(dang)初包(bao)(bao)頭(tou)鎮(zhen)東(dong)南(nan)隅(yu)而得名,坐落在城內(nei)東(dong)南(nan)菜園附近。作為老包(bao)(bao)頭(tou)較(jiao)早(zao)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)的廟宇之一,這里是當(dang)時農民為祭(ji)祀龍(long)王、祈求心愿而建(jian)(jian)。
相傳很(hen)久以前(qian),少女金鳳在(zai)挖野菜(cai)的(de)(de)途中拾到一顆紅果(guo)子,食用后(hou)竟然懷孕了(le),后(hou)生下一子。令(ling)人(ren)更奇(qi)怪的(de)(de)是(shi)男孩(hai)出生時(shi)(shi)頭(tou)上長(chang)著(zhu)個(ge)小角,金鳳給(gei)他(ta)取名“玉(yu)(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)”。玉(yu)(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)長(chang)到十幾歲時(shi)(shi),連(lian)續三年大旱,使(shi)得菜(cai)園附近的(de)(de)農民(min)走投無(wu)路,只(zhi)能背井離鄉。“玉(yu)(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)”見狀(zhuang),騰云而去(qu)變為一條小金龍(long)(long)(long),為當地百姓降下雨水(shui)。后(hou)人(ren)為紀(ji)念這(zhe)條善良的(de)(de)玉(yu)(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)和他(ta)的(de)(de)媽媽,于是(shi)便在(zai)城(cheng)南他(ta)們的(de)(de)家(jia)中蓋(gai)起一座龍(long)(long)(long)王廟。
南(nan)(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)建廟(miao)(miao)時(shi)間可以(yi)推算到明后(hou)期(qi)阿勒坦汗時(shi)代,康熙(xi)年間修廟(miao)(miao),后(hou)又經過多次重修。曾(ceng)存清(qing)康熙(xi)五年補修匾額,乾(qian)隆(long)年間有正殿三門(men),東西(xi)寮房各五間,建山(shan)(shan)門(men)、鐘鼓樓等,主供廣濟龍(long)王(wang)。南(nan)(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)一帶因(yin)緊貼東河,山(shan)(shan)西(xi)晉(jin)商走西(xi)口因(yin)此地水源較足(zu)而在(zai)此繁衍生(sheng)息,為山(shan)(shan)西(xi)晉(jin)商發源之地。各行各業(ye)(ye)的(de)商人也都在(zai)廟(miao)(miao)內供奉自己(ji)的(de)行業(ye)(ye)祖(zu)師(shi),如染布業(ye)(ye)的(de)祖(zu)師(shi)梅葛二仙,醫(yi)藥(yao)業(ye)(ye)的(de)祖(zu)師(shi)軒轅黃帝,建筑業(ye)(ye)的(de)祖(zu)師(shi)魯(lu)班(ban)等等,使得(de)南(nan)(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)信仰更(geng)加豐富多彩,民(min)眾和(he)諧康泰(tai)。
四百(bai)多年的(de)(de)風風雨(yu)雨(yu),南龍王廟度過(guo)了歷史的(de)(de)滄(cang)桑洗禮(li)。如今國運昌(chang)隆,宗(zong)教(jiao)信仰得到(dao)落(luo)實,為了滿(man)足群眾的(de)(de)信教(jiao)需求,南龍王廟重新恢復,設想以(yi)歷史原(yuan)貌恢復道教(jiao)宗(zong)教(jiao)活動。祈愿(yuan)在新的(de)(de)時代,龍的(de)(de)精神(shen)能夠遍及九州(zhou),龍的(de)(de)傳人能夠將祖先(xian)的(de)(de)文明發揚光(guang)大。重振晉(jin)商精神(shen),讓老包頭的(de)(de)靈魂再次升騰。
老包(bao)(bao)(bao)頭(tou)(tou)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)條“南龍(long)(long)王廟(miao)(miao)巷”,因巷頭(tou)(tou)東(dong)側建有龍(long)(long)王廟(miao)(miao)而得名。這座龍(long)(long)王廟(miao)(miao),就是(shi)老包(bao)(bao)(bao)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)座寺廟(miao)(miao)。南龍(long)(long)王廟(miao)(miao)是(shi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)頭(tou)(tou)較早(zao)(zao)修建的(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)宇(yu),是(shi)較早(zao)(zao)來到包(bao)(bao)(bao)頭(tou)(tou)地(di)界(jie)定居的(de)(de)農牧民為祭祀龍(long)(long)王而修建的(de)(de)。祈求龍(long)(long)王降雨是(shi)早(zao)(zao)年百姓的(de)(de)共同心愿,龍(long)(long)王也是(shi)古代自然崇拜中產生(sheng)的(de)(de)氣象神。傳(chuan)說龍(long)(long)王本領非凡,能采雨露之精,能大能小,吸(xi)則渤海可(ke)枯,施(shi)則高原可(ke)沒……特別是(shi)佛(fo)教傳(chuan)入中國(guo)以來,龍(long)(long)王信仰(yang)成為民間的(de)(de)重要(yao)神靈(ling)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。
南龍王廟具體修建(jian)時(shi)(shi)間不詳,它曾經(jing)過多次重修,光(guang)緒元(yuan)年(nian)(1875)所立修葺碑《小記(ji)(ji)》云:“鎮(zhen)(包(bao)頭鎮(zhen))之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東南隅(yu),舊(jiu)有龍王廟一楹,系土默特蒙古所建(jian)。不知(zhi)建(jian)于(yu)何時(shi)(shi),有康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)五(wu)年(nian)補(bu)修匾額,越乾(qian)隆間,農(nong)民漸集,益以禪房、山門、鐘(zhong)鼓樂樓……”等(deng)語。據此可知(zhi),早(zao)在康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)五(wu)年(nian)(1666)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)就已建(jian)廟。《碑文》還(huan)記(ji)(ji)載(zai) “新(xin)廟肇(zhao)于(yu)康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi),修于(yu)乾(qian)隆,迄(qi)(qi)今二(er)(er)百余(yu)年(nian)矣”。從這兩段碑文看,南龍王廟應(ying)該修建(jian)于(yu)康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)元(yuan)年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi)四年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,也就是1662年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)1665年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。另有碑文記(ji)(ji)載(zai):太平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世,五(wu)風(feng)(feng)十雨。是知(zhi)萬物非雨不生,非風(feng)(feng)不暢。而農(nong)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資風(feng)(feng)雨為尤切。包(bao)鎮(zhen)舊(jiu)有龍王廟,為農(nong)民祈雨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所,先(xian)輩建(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)東南巽地,以主風(feng)(feng)神以降(jiang)雨,亦此意歟(yu)?然廟肇(zhao)于(yu)康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙(xi)(xi),修于(yu)乾(qian)隆,迄(qi)(qi)今二(er)(er)百余(yu)年(nian)矣。
造(zao)化日新,物(wu)極必變。園(yuan)行(xing)久欲(yu)重建,而(er)力(li)不勝,因竭力(li)醵(ju)貲千金,付托公行(xing)。公行(xing)諸君子(zi)出其(qi)鼎(ding)力(li),慨然(ran)主(zhu)成其(qi)事,插田基而(er)拓之(zhi)(zhi)增之(zhi)(zhi)……正殿五間,山門三間,禪堂香積(ji),以(yi)及鐘(zhong)鼓樂樓皆(jie)備焉(yan)。南龍王(wang)廟一帶因緊貼東(dong)河,水源較足,約(yue)有數百畝頭等水澆地,后(hou)來(lai)被山西祁縣(xian)喬家在包的復字號買斷(duan),專門種植蔬菜,后(hou)命名(ming)復盛園(yuan),建國(guo)后(hou)改名(ming)解放菜園(yuan)。