翠微園(yuan)位于(yu)貴(gui)(gui)陽市,是一組規(gui)模(mo)較大的古建筑群,它與(yu)城(cheng)南(nan)(nan)(nan)甲秀樓相毗鄰,占地(di)4000多平(ping)方米,始建于(yu)明(ming)(ming)弘治(zhi)年(nian)間(1488-1505年(nian))。園(yuan)內樓閣造(zao)型生(sheng)動,長(chang)廊花墻四圍,集幽、雄、樸于(yu)一體。寺建于(yu)明(ming)(ming)代,最(zui)初名(ming)為南(nan)(nan)(nan)庵(an)(an)。明(ming)(ming)朝中期(qi)著名(ming)哲學(xue)(xue)家、教育(yu)家王陽明(ming)(ming)于(yu)明(ming)(ming)正(zheng)(zheng)德四年(nian)(1509年(nian)),在(zai)貴(gui)(gui)陽文明(ming)(ming)書院講學(xue)(xue)時,曾數次(ci)游覽南(nan)(nan)(nan)庵(an)(an),有(you)《南(nan)(nan)(nan)庵(an)(an)次(ci)韻二首》記(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)庵(an)(an)勝景:“巖寺藏春長(chang)不夏,江花映(ying)日艷于(yu)桃。山陰入戶川(chuan)光(guang)暮,林影浮空暑氣高。樹(shu)老豈能知歲月(yue),溪清真可鑒(jian)秋毫。但逢(feng)佳(jia)境須(xu)行樂,墨遺風霜著鬢毛。” 后(hou)來(lai)又改(gai)名(ming)為圣壽(shou)寺,弘治(zhi)《貴(gui)(gui)州(zhou)圖(tu)經新志》記(ji)(ji)載:“圣壽(shou)寺在(zai)治(zhi)城(cheng)南(nan)(nan)(nan)門(men)外霽虹橋之東,舊南(nan)(nan)(nan)庵(an)(an)。前臨(lin)清潭,后(hou)負崇崗,群峰(feng)列讞,左(zuo)右環繞,草(cao)木竹石,錯置雜陳。”明(ming)(ming)正(zheng)(zheng)德年(nian)間(1506年(nian)—1521年(nian))中晚期(qi),巡按貴(gui)(gui)州(zhou)監(jian)察御(yu)史胡瓊將(jiang)圣壽(shou)寺改(gai)為武(wu)侯(hou)祠,祭祀諸葛亮(liang),直(zhi)至(zhi)明(ming)(ming)末時期(qi)。
清順治十二年(1655年),南明(ming)永歷九年,張(zhang)獻忠(zhong)部將孫可望駐貴(gui)(gui)陽,將武侯祠(ci)遷至別處,改(gai)建(jian)觀音寺(si)(si),供奉觀音菩薩。清康(kang)熙《貴(gui)(gui)州通志》記(ji)載:“觀音寺(si)(si),在府城(cheng)南堤,武侯祠(ci)舊址改(gai)建(jian)”。
清(qing)(qing)道(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)年(nian)(nian)間(1821年(nian)(nian)-1850年(nian)(nian)),觀(guan)音寺(si)又(you)改(gai)名水(shui)月寺(si),仍祭祀(si)觀(guan)音。《貴(gui)(gui)州(zhou)府志》記載:“水(shui)月寺(si)即觀(guan)音寺(si),在府城南(nan)門外(wai)南(nan)明河上(shang)(shang),去(qu)甲(jia)秀樓數(shu)(shu)步,前(qian)臨(lin)浮(fu)玉橋,橋上(shang)(shang)舊有(you)(you)(you)涵碧亭,今圯。寺(si)門有(you)(you)(you)閣(ge)曰‘拱南(nan)’,大殿三(san)楹(ying),殿中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)方(fang),有(you)(you)(you)千佛銅塔一座,高可(ke)九尺。后(hou)有(you)(you)(you)大士殿,旁有(you)(you)(you)澹花(hua)空(kong)翠(cui)(cui)(cui)園林,內客廳數(shu)(shu)楹(ying)。又(you)有(you)(you)(you)翠(cui)(cui)(cui)微(wei)閣(ge)三(san)間,騷人墨(mo)客題(ti)詠頗多(duo)。”道(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)初年(nian)(nian)寺(si)右建(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)樓三(san)楹(ying),可(ke)以觀(guan)水(shui)。清(qing)(qing)道(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)八年(nian)(nian)(1828年(nian)(nian)),云貴(gui)(gui)總督阮元(yuan)題(ti)閣(ge)額(e)“翠(cui)(cui)(cui)微(wei)”。翠(cui)(cui)(cui)微(wei)閣(ge)為(wei)寺(si)中(zhong)著名建(jian)筑,前(qian)臨(lin)南(nan)明河,后(hou)枕小(xiao)(xiao)山,老樹交陰,風景清(qing)(qing)幽,為(wei)貴(gui)(gui)陽游覽勝地。汪(wang)炳璈(ao)題(ti)翠(cui)(cui)(cui)微(wei)閣(ge)聯:“半面山樓,半面江樓,書畫舫(fang)容我(wo)掀髯大笑,邀(yao)幾個赤松、黃石、白猿來,一評今古;數(shu)(shu)聲(sheng)樵笛(di)(di),數(shu)(shu)聲(sheng)漁笛(di)(di),翠(cui)(cui)(cui)微(wei)天盡它拍手(shou)高歌,聽不真(zhen)淥(lu)水(shui)、明月、清(qing)(qing)風引(yin),萬象空(kong)蒙(meng)。”
民國(guo)29年(nian)(1940年(nian)),設甲秀(xiu)小學于寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong),山門(men)、大殿、翠(cui)(cui)微(wei)閣都被(bei)拆(chai)除或改作他用。閣中(zhong)(zhong)明代鑄造的千佛銅塔,抗日戰爭初期(qi)還(huan)存在,以后下落(luo)不明。1990年(nian)起,市人民政(zheng)府修(xiu)復拱南閣、“澹花空翠(cui)(cui)”園(yuan)林、翠(cui)(cui)微(wei)閣、龍(long)門(men)書院、廣植花草樹木,以后命名為翠(cui)(cui)微(wei)園(yuan)。