這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)座四合院式布局(ju)的(de)(de)貝灰砂磚木建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑,由山(shan)門(men)、前殿(dian)、正殿(dian)、廂房(fang)、套間、外院、里(li)(li)院等組成(cheng),占地面積2500平方米(mi)。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)光緒(xu)十四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1888年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),原擬建(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)“同慶善(shan)堂(tang)”堂(tang)址,房(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后,因經(jing)費缺乏而(er)停辦(ban)。清(qing)光緒(xu)二十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1901年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),臺灣(wan)愛國(guo)(guo)志士丘逢甲便在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)設(she)立(li)“嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)同文學(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)”,這(zhe)是(shi)汕頭市新式學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)之始。1915年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),學(xue)(xue)(xue)堂(tang)改為(wei)“嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)甲種商(shang)業學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)”,1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又改為(wei)省立(li)嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)高級商(shang)業學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao),實行(xing)(xing)“三三制(zhi)”教學(xue)(xue)(xue)。1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底,國(guo)(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)軍第二次東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征解(jie)放潮汕,國(guo)(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)府在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)設(she)立(li)“廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江各屬(shu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)委(wei)員公署”。1926年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月1日,周恩來在(zai)公署宣誓就任廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江各屬(shu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)委(wei)員,這(zhe)是(shi)第一(yi)個由共產黨人主持的(de)(de)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)權。建(jian)(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)后,這(zhe)里(li)(li)一(yi)直(zhi)被(bei)一(yi)所小學(xue)(xue)(xue)使用。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物原貌有部分(fen)改變。
廣(guang)東(dong)東(dong)江各(ge)屬行政(zheng)委員公署(shu)舊址位(wei)于廣(guang)東(dong)省汕(shan)頭市金平(ping)區同益(yi)街道鹽埕居(ju)委外(wai)(wai)馬路129號,建于1888年(清光緒十四年)。坐北(bei)向南,三進(jin)二天井(jing)祠堂格局(ju),磚木結(jie)構,通面闊38.2米,通進(jin)深52.55米,占(zhan)地面積2008平(ping)方米,其外(wai)(wai)觀(guan)采用硬山(shan)頂、人字封(feng)火山(shan)墻(qiang),素(su)胎(tai)瓦,前門表層(ceng)墻(qiang)體貼花鳥詩文書法花崗(gang)巖石雕,左右各(ge)有麻石質石鼓1對,屋內(nei)為(wei)五瓜抬(tai)梁式木結(jie)構。
該地址原(yuan)擬(ni)作(zuo)“同慶善堂(tang)”之用,后因房屋建(jian)成后經(jing)費缺乏(fa)而停辦。至1901年(nian)(清光(guang)緒二十七年(nian)),臺灣愛國(guo)(guo)志士丘逢(feng)甲在此(ci)設立“同文學(xue)堂(tang)”,成為(wei)汕(shan)頭市(shi)新式學(xue)校(xiao)之始。1915年(nian),此(ci)處又改為(wei)“嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)甲種(zhong)商業(ye)學(xue)校(xiao)”。1925年(nian)底,國(guo)(guo)民(min)革(ge)命軍(jun)第(di)二次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征進入(ru)汕(shan)頭,1926年(nian)初(chu),軍(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)結束(shu),訓政(zheng)(zheng)開始,國(guo)(guo)民(min)革(ge)命政(zheng)(zheng)府在此(ci)設立“廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員公署(shu)(shu)”。公署(shu)(shu)管轄范圍為(wei)惠(hui)州(zhou)(zhou)、潮汕(shan)、梅州(zhou)(zhou)三個(ge)地區及(ji)(ji)下(xia)屬縣(市(shi)),是中國(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)上第(di)一個(ge)由共產黨人主(zhu)持的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)共合作(zuo)的(de)(de)地方(fang)政(zheng)(zheng)權。第(di)一次(ci)(ci)國(guo)(guo)共合作(zuo)時期(qi)(qi),廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府先(xian)后于(yu)1925年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)和10月(yue)(yue)組織了兩次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征,討伐盤踞在東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地區的(de)(de)軍(jun)閥(fa)陳炯明,11月(yue)(yue)4日東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征軍(jun)進入(ru)汕(shan)頭市(shi),取得了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征的(de)(de)全面勝利。時任(ren)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征軍(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)治部總(zong)主(zhu)任(ren)的(de)(de)周恩來(lai)被國(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府任(ren)命為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員,領導惠(hui)、潮、梅三個(ge)地區的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)。1926年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)1日,周恩來(lai)在汕(shan)頭市(shi)外馬(ma)路(lu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員公署(shu)(shu)門(men)口(kou)公布就(jiu)職(zhi)通(tong)告。正(zheng)式就(jiu)任(ren)。2月(yue)(yue)22日又在此(ci)地舉行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)會(hui)議,各(ge)縣縣長、教育局長及(ji)(ji)工(gong)、農(nong)、學(xue)、商、婦代表共95人參加,澎湃、楊石魂、杜國(guo)(guo)癢(yang)、工(gong)鼎(ding)新也出(chu)席了會(hui)議。經(jing)過一星期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)議程,制訂出(chu)實業(ye)、交通(tong)、文教等十多個(ge)方(fang)面的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)案,為(wei)振興(xing)潮汕(shan)推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一系列革(ge)命措(cuo)施。這次(ci)(ci)會(hui)議,在東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)歷史(shi)上寫下(xia)了重要的(de)(de)一頁(ye),開創(chuang)了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)革(ge)命的(de)(de)新紀(ji)元。1926年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)16日,廣州(zhou)(zhou)國(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府接受(shou)周恩來(lai)的(de)(de)請求,宣布免去其東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員的(de)(de)職(zhi)務。1928年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員公署(shu)(shu)被東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)善后委員公署(shu)(shu)替代。
1979年(nian)(nian)12月17日,廣東省革(ge)命(ming)委員(yuan)會(hui)將公(gong)(gong)署舊(jiu)址公(gong)(gong)布為第(di)(di)二批省級文物保護單(dan)位,對(dui)研究中國革(ge)命(ming)史有一(yi)定的(de)價值(zhi),1995年(nian)(nian)初,汕頭(tou)市委,市政府將其確定為汕頭(tou)市愛國主義(yi)教育基地。現(xian)為汕頭(tou)市外馬(ma)路(lu)第(di)(di)三小學校址。該建筑(zhu)具有較高的(de)革(ge)命(ming)歷(li)史紀(ji)念及史跡研究價值(zhi)。