青(qing)荷藕(ou)(ou)表皮藕(ou)(ou)銹少、白嫩、光澤度好,肉質細膩、清脆爽口、甘甜無渣;黃熟藕(ou)(ou)淀粉含量高(gao),熟食粉糯香甜。
長(chang)興縣地(di)質(zhi)構造復雜(za),境內地(di)層從志留系(xi)(除三系(xi))至第四系(xi)均有(you)出露。呂山鄉(xiang)(xiang)位于長(chang)興縣東南(nan)部平(ping)(ping)原?區,為浙北低(di)山丘陵向(xiang)太(tai)湖西岸平(ping)(ping)原過渡的(de)區域,地(di)勢東低(di)西高,屬水網平(ping)(ping)原地(di)貌,全鄉(xiang)(xiang)總(zong)面(mian)積3850公頃(qing),下轄9個行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun),耕地(di)1758公頃(qing),塘面(mian)459公頃(qing),桑地(di)288公頃(qing),物產豐(feng)富,素有(you)“魚米之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”之(zhi)稱,也是久負盛名的(de)“水產之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、蠶桑之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”。
胥倉雪藕農產品(pin)地理(li)標志(zhi)地域保(bao)護(hu)范圍為(wei):長興(xing)縣呂山鄉,轄呂山、楊(yang)(yang)吳、呂虹、土斗門、雁陶(tao)、金村、南楊(yang)(yang)、胥倉、龍溪(xi)9個行政村。地理(li)坐(zuo)標為(wei)東(dong)經119°53′7.61″~119°57′52.93″,北緯(wei)30°52′8.28″~30°56′6.65″間。保(bao)護(hu)區域面積3850公頃(qing),其中蓮藕面積267公頃(qing),年產量(liang)6000噸(dun)。
青(qing)荷(he)藕(ou)(ou)表皮藕(ou)(ou)銹少、白(bai)嫩、光澤度好(hao),肉(rou)質(zhi)細膩、清脆爽口、甘甜無渣;黃熟藕(ou)(ou)淀(dian)粉含(han)量(liang)(liang)高,熟食粉糯香甜。青(qing)荷(he)藕(ou)(ou)淀(dian)粉含(han)量(liang)(liang)大于1.0 g/100g,總(zong)糖含(han)量(liang)(liang)大于3.0g/100g,粗纖維含(han)量(liang)(liang)小于1%,氨基酸總(zong)量(liang)(liang)大于0.6%。生產(chan)、貯(zhu)運、銷售過程中,應嚴格執(zhi)行“雙塘雪藕(ou)(ou)栽培技(ji)術規程”浙江(jiang)省(sheng)湖州(zhou)市(shi)地方標準,確保產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安全,并做好(hao)生產(chan)、銷售等相關記錄。
胥倉雪(xue)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)栽培(pei)(pei)的環境技術條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)應符合(he)NY/T5010要(yao)(yao)求。選擇水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充足、水(shui)(shui)(shui)流緩(huan)慢(man)、漲落(luo)平穩(wen)、排灌便(bian)利、保(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)、保(bao)肥(fei)性(xing)(xing)強的藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘,耕作(zuo)層深度(du)(du)≥40cm,pH值5.5~7.5。品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選擇:胥倉雪(xue)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為‘浙湖一(yi)(yi)號(hao)’、‘飄花’、‘鄂蓮6號(hao)’。定植(zhi)時間:清明前后日平均(jun)氣(qi)溫升到13℃左右時開(kai)始(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘準(zhun)備:種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)前1~2天耖耙,平整(zheng)土壤(rang)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)魚塘種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)蓮藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)第一(yi)(yi)年可不施基(ji)肥(fei),新(xin)開(kai)塘、連作(zuo)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘施用(yong)有機肥(fei)料作(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei),每畝(mu)施用(yong)腐(fu)熟(shu)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)1500kg~2000kg和(he)(he)復合(he)肥(fei)30kg~50kg。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)選擇:選用(yong)頂(ding)芽完(wan)(wan)整(zheng),具有2~3個完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節、無(wu)病斑,無(wu)機械損傷的子藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)作(zuo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)。定植(zhi)方(fang)法:排種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前保(bao)持淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)3cm~5cm,斜(xie)植(zhi),栽植(zhi)深度(du)(du)10cm~20cm,藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)頭向下呈20°~30°傾(qing)斜(xie),后節略(lve)翹(qiao)起。定植(zhi)密度(du)(du):因(yin)栽培(pei)(pei)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)和(he)(he)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)而異。早熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)密植(zhi),中(zhong)晚(wan)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)稀。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)行(xing)株距1.5m×1.5m,每穴栽1支或2支。肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理:立葉抽生初期(qi),每畝(mu)施尿素10kg~15kg;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)初期(qi),每畝(mu)施復合(he)肥(fei)20kg~30kg。封(feng)行(xing)前,保(bao)持淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)10cm~15cm,提高(gao)(gao)土溫,促進萌(meng)發;隨(sui)著氣(qi)溫升高(gao)(gao),蓮藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)發生分枝、出現(xian)立葉,逐漸加深水(shui)(shui)(shui)位至(zhi)20cm~35cm;展葉后至(zhi)結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)前,水(shui)(shui)(shui)位加深至(zhi)80cm;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)時水(shui)(shui)(shui)位適當放淺,促進蓮藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)膨(peng)(peng)大。采(cai)收(shou):宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)形成2~3個膨(peng)(peng)大藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節時開(kai)始(shi)采(cai)收(shou)嫩藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),葉片黃熟(shu)后采(cai)收(shou)老熟(shu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),一(yi)(yi)直可采(cai)收(shou)到翌年春季(ji)萌(meng)芽前。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病蟲(chong)(chong):主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病害(hai)有褐斑病、腐(fu)敗病等(deng),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)有蓮縊管蚜、斜(xie)紋夜蛾(e)、福壽螺等(deng)。防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)原則:遵(zun)循“預防(fang)為主(zhu),綜合(he)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”的植(zhi)保(bao)方(fang)針,優(you)(you)先采(cai)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、物(wu)理防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、生物(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),科學使用(yong)高(gao)(gao)效低(di)(di)毒低(di)(di)殘(can)留(liu)(liu)化學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):采(cai)用(yong)無(wu)病種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),及(ji)時清園消毒,合(he)理輪(lun)作(zuo),選用(yong)無(wu)病種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)等(deng)。殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈誘(you)殺:用(yong)殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈誘(you)殺斜(xie)紋夜蛾(e)等(deng)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。性(xing)(xing)誘(you)劑誘(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu):將斜(xie)紋夜蛾(e)性(xing)(xing)信息素(性(xing)(xing)誘(you)劑)放置于(yu)誘(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)中(zhong),誘(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)懸(xuan)掛在(zai)(zai)植(zhi)株上方(fang)25cm~30cm處,每畝(mu)放置誘(you)捕(bu)(bu)(bu)器(qi)1~2個。藥(yao)(yao)劑防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)應符合(he)GB/T8321、NY/T1276要(yao)(yao)求。優(you)(you)先使用(yong)生物(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),輪(lun)換選用(yong)高(gao)(gao)效、低(di)(di)毒、低(di)(di)殘(can)留(liu)(liu)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),禁(jin)止(zhi)使用(yong)國(guo)家明令禁(jin)止(zhi)使用(yong)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)毒、劇毒、高(gao)(gao)殘(can)留(liu)(liu)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。