青荷藕(ou)表皮藕(ou)銹少、白嫩、光(guang)澤度好,肉質細膩、清脆爽口、甘(gan)甜(tian)無(wu)渣(zha);黃(huang)熟(shu)藕(ou)淀(dian)粉含量(liang)高,熟(shu)食粉糯香甜(tian)。
長興縣地(di)(di)質(zhi)構造復雜,境內地(di)(di)層從(cong)志(zhi)留系(除三系)至第四系均(jun)有出露(lu)。呂山鄉(xiang)位于(yu)長興縣東南部平原(yuan)?區,為(wei)浙北低(di)(di)山丘陵向太湖西(xi)岸(an)平原(yuan)過(guo)渡的區域,地(di)(di)勢東低(di)(di)西(xi)高,屬(shu)水(shui)網平原(yuan)地(di)(di)貌,全鄉(xiang)總面積3850公(gong)頃,下轄9個行政村,耕地(di)(di)1758公(gong)頃,塘面459公(gong)頃,桑地(di)(di)288公(gong)頃,物(wu)產豐富,素(su)有“魚米之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”之(zhi)稱(cheng),也是久負盛名的“水(shui)產之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、蠶桑之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。
胥倉(cang)雪藕農(nong)產品地理標(biao)志地域保護范圍為:長(chang)興(xing)縣呂(lv)山鄉,轄呂(lv)山、楊吳、呂(lv)虹、土斗門、雁(yan)陶(tao)、金村(cun)、南楊、胥倉(cang)、龍溪9個(ge)行政村(cun)。地理坐標(biao)為東經(jing)119°53′7.61″~119°57′52.93″,北緯30°52′8.28″~30°56′6.65″間。保護區域面積3850公頃,其中(zhong)蓮藕面積267公頃,年產量6000噸。
青荷(he)藕表皮藕銹少、白嫩、光澤度(du)好,肉質細膩、清脆爽(shuang)口、甘甜無渣;黃熟(shu)藕淀(dian)粉(fen)含(han)量(liang)高(gao),熟(shu)食粉(fen)糯香甜。青荷(he)藕淀(dian)粉(fen)含(han)量(liang)大(da)于1.0 g/100g,總糖含(han)量(liang)大(da)于3.0g/100g,粗纖維(wei)含(han)量(liang)小于1%,氨基(ji)酸總量(liang)大(da)于0.6%。生產、貯(zhu)運、銷售過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),應嚴(yan)格(ge)執行“雙塘雪藕栽培技術規程(cheng)(cheng)”浙江省(sheng)湖州市地方標準(zhun),確(que)保(bao)產品質量(liang)安全,并做好生產、銷售等相關記(ji)錄。
胥倉雪(xue)(xue)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)的環境技(ji)術條件應符合NY/T5010要(yao)求。選擇(ze)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源充足、水(shui)(shui)(shui)流緩慢、漲落平穩(wen)、排(pai)灌便利、保水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)好、保肥(fei)(fei)(fei)性(xing)強的藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘,耕作(zuo)層深(shen)度≥40cm,pH值5.5~7.5。品種(zhong)選擇(ze):胥倉雪(xue)(xue)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)主(zhu)要(yao)品種(zhong)為‘浙湖一(yi)號’、‘飄花’、‘鄂蓮(lian)(lian)6號’。定(ding)植(zhi)時(shi)間:清明(ming)前(qian)(qian)后日平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)升到13℃左右時(shi)開始種(zhong)植(zhi)。藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘準備:種(zhong)植(zhi)前(qian)(qian)1~2天耖耙(pa),平整土(tu)壤。一(yi)般魚塘種(zhong)植(zhi)蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)第(di)一(yi)年可不施基肥(fei)(fei)(fei),新開塘、連(lian)作(zuo)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘施用(yong)(yong)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)施用(yong)(yong)腐熟(shu)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1500kg~2000kg和復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg~50kg。種(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)選擇(ze):選用(yong)(yong)頂(ding)芽完整,具有(you)2~3個(ge)完整的藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節、無(wu)(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)斑(ban),無(wu)(wu)機械損傷的子(zi)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)作(zuo)種(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)。定(ding)植(zhi)方(fang)法:排(pai)種(zhong)前(qian)(qian)保持淺(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)3cm~5cm,斜植(zhi),栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)深(shen)度10cm~20cm,藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)頭(tou)向(xiang)下呈20°~30°傾斜,后節略翹起。定(ding)植(zhi)密度:因栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)條件和品種(zhong)而異。早熟(shu)品種(zhong)宜(yi)密植(zhi),中晚熟(shu)品種(zhong)宜(yi)稀。一(yi)般行(xing)株距1.5m×1.5m,每(mei)(mei)穴栽(zai)(zai)1支(zhi)或2支(zhi)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)理(li):立葉(xie)抽生(sheng)初期(qi),每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)施尿素(su)10kg~15kg;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)初期(qi),每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)施復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)20kg~30kg。封行(xing)前(qian)(qian),保持淺(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)10cm~15cm,提高(gao)(gao)土(tu)溫(wen),促進(jin)萌發;隨著氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)升高(gao)(gao),蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)發生(sheng)分(fen)枝(zhi)、出現立葉(xie),逐漸(jian)加(jia)深(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)至(zhi)20cm~35cm;展(zhan)葉(xie)后至(zhi)結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)前(qian)(qian),水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)加(jia)深(shen)至(zhi)80cm;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)時(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)適當放淺(qian),促進(jin)蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)膨大。采(cai)(cai)收:宜(yi)在主(zhu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)形成(cheng)2~3個(ge)膨大藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節時(shi)開始采(cai)(cai)收嫩藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),葉(xie)片黃熟(shu)后采(cai)(cai)收老熟(shu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),一(yi)直可采(cai)(cai)收到翌(yi)年春季萌芽前(qian)(qian)。主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲:主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)害有(you)褐(he)斑(ban)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、腐敗病(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)(deng),主(zhu)要(yao)害蟲有(you)蓮(lian)(lian)縊管(guan)蚜(ya)、斜紋(wen)夜蛾(e)、福壽(shou)螺等(deng)(deng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原則:遵循“預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu),綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的植(zhi)保方(fang)針(zhen),優先(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),科(ke)學使用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)效低(di)毒低(di)殘(can)留(liu)化學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)種(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),及時(shi)清園消(xiao)毒,合理(li)輪作(zuo),選用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)種(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)等(deng)(deng)。殺蟲燈誘殺:用(yong)(yong)殺蟲燈誘殺斜紋(wen)夜蛾(e)等(deng)(deng)害蟲。性(xing)誘劑誘捕(bu):將斜紋(wen)夜蛾(e)性(xing)信息素(su)(性(xing)誘劑)放置(zhi)于(yu)誘捕(bu)器中,誘捕(bu)器懸掛在植(zhi)株上(shang)方(fang)25cm~30cm處,每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)放置(zhi)誘捕(bu)器1~2個(ge)。藥(yao)(yao)劑防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)應符合GB/T8321、NY/T1276要(yao)求。優先(xian)使用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),輪換選用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)效、低(di)毒、低(di)殘(can)留(liu)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),禁止使用(yong)(yong)國家明(ming)令禁止使用(yong)(yong)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)和高(gao)(gao)毒、劇毒、高(gao)(gao)殘(can)留(liu)的農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。