湖州桑基塘魚(yu)外(wai)形似野生魚(yu),魚(yu)腥(xing)味(wei)(wei)淡,無(wu)土腥(xing)味(wei)(wei)。
湖州(zhou)市(shi)地(di)處(chu)浙江北(bei)部,太(tai)湖南(nan)岸,是一(yi)個河(he)流成(cheng)網(wang)、交通(tong)方便、土壤(rang)肥沃,適宜發(fa)展作物種(zhong)植和(he)(he)水(shui)產(chan)養(yang)殖(zhi)等(deng)(deng)綜合(he)(he)性(xing)農(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)。全市(shi)地(di)勢(shi)大(da)致由西(xi)南(nan)向(xiang)東北(bei)傾(qing)斜,西(xi)部多(duo)山,東部為(wei)平(ping)原水(shui)網(wang)區(qu)。京杭大(da)運河(he)及(ji)東、西(xi)苕溪,杭寧、申蘇浙皖、申嘉湖高(gao)速(su)及(ji)104、318國道等(deng)(deng)貫穿。獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)網(wang)區(qu)域和(he)(he)水(shui)陸交接環境(jing),給湖州(zhou)綜合(he)(he)種(zhong)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)提供了(le)(le)優越的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)條件(jian),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“湖州(zhou)桑(sang)基(ji)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)”生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)模式。湖州(zhou)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)類型為(wei)亞熱(re)帶季風性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)類型屬于(yu)中國太(tai)湖南(nan)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)洼濕地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統,為(wei)中國典型江南(nan)水(shui)鄉特(te)征。保護(hu)范圍內特(te)點(dian)是:季風顯(xian)著,四季分明;氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he),空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)濕潤;光溫(wen)(wen)(wen)同步,日照充(chong)沛;雨熱(re)同季,降水(shui)充(chong)沛。全市(shi)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)12.2~17.3℃,最冷(leng)為(wei)一(yi)月,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-0.4~5.5℃,最熱(re)為(wei)七月,平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)24.4~30.8℃。獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)條件(jian)和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)非常(chang)適合(he)(he)種(zhong)桑(sang)、養(yang)蠶和(he)(he)養(yang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu),養(yang)殖(zhi)與種(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機結合(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)湖州(zhou)桑(sang)基(ji)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)色。“浙江湖州(zhou)桑(sang)基(ji)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)系(xi)統”形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)起源于(yu)春秋(qiu)戰國時期,至今有2500多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。湖州(zhou)境(jing)內河(he)流縱(zong)橫,湖河(he)港汊縱(zong)橫密布。千(qian)百年(nian)來,區(qu)域內勞動(dong)人民因地(di)制宜修筑(zhu)“縱(zong)浦(溇港)橫塘(tang)(tang)(tang)”水(shui)利排灌工程(cheng),將地(di)勢(shi)低(di)下、常(chang)年(nian)積(ji)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洼地(di)挖(wa)深變成(cheng)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang),挖(wa)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)泥(ni)則用(yong)于(yu)堆放在水(shui)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四周(zhou)作為(wei)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)基(ji)。經(jing)過(guo)逐步演變,最終(zhong)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)種(zhong)桑(sang)養(yang)蠶和(he)(he)養(yang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)相(xiang)輔相(xiang)成(cheng),桑(sang)地(di)和(he)(he)池塘(tang)(tang)(tang)相(xiang)連相(xiang)倚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)鄉典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桑(sang)基(ji)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)業景觀,為(wei)湖州(zhou)桑(sang)基(ji)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)提供了(le)(le)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)利條件(jian)。獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)貌、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)和(he)(he)水(shui)利系(xi)統等(deng)(deng),為(wei)湖州(zhou)桑(sang)基(ji)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)殖(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)提供了(le)(le)得天(tian)獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)。
湖州桑基塘(tang)(tang)魚農產品地理標(biao)志地域保(bao)護范圍為(wei):湖州市(shi)南潯區(qu)(qu)所(suo)(suo)轄菱湖鎮(zhen)(zhen)、和孚鎮(zhen)(zhen),吳興區(qu)(qu)所(suo)(suo)轄八(ba)里店鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)林鎮(zhen)(zhen),與德清(qing)縣所(suo)(suo)轄新(xin)(xin)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)、禹越(yue)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、新(xin)(xin)市(shi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)共計7個鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)11個行(xing)政村。地理坐標(biao)為(wei)東(dong)經(jing)119°59′1″~120°6′18″,北(bei)緯(wei)30°31′53″~30°51′48″。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)面積69平方公里,魚塘(tang)(tang)面積22982畝,年產量(liang)2.2萬噸。
養(yang)(yang)殖方式借鑒了(le)古法(fa)養(yang)(yang)殖模式,同時融合了(le)現代科學養(yang)(yang)殖技(ji)術,生產(chan)的(de)湖州(zhou)桑基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)塘魚外(wai)形似(si)野生魚,魚腥味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)淡,無土腥味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。青(qing)(qing)魚:體(ti)(ti)型修(xiu)長(chang),近(jin)圓筒(tong)形。體(ti)(ti)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)呈青(qing)(qing)灰色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),背(bei)(bei)部(bu)較深,腹(fu)(fu)部(bu)灰白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)。鱗(lin)片較大。草魚:體(ti)(ti)型修(xiu)長(chang),近(jin)圓筒(tong)形。體(ti)(ti)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)淡黃(huang)或茶黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),腹(fu)(fu)部(bu)略顯(xian)灰白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)。鰱:體(ti)(ti)形側扁(bian),稍高。背(bei)(bei)部(bu)青(qing)(qing)灰色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),鰭灰白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),兩側及(ji)腹(fu)(fu)部(bu)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)。鱗(lin)片細小(xiao)。鳙(yong):頭(tou)較大,頭(tou)長(chang)約為體(ti)(ti)長(chang)的(de)1/3,口亦寬大,稍上翹(qiao),背(bei)(bei)呈暗黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),并有不(bu)規則黑(hei)點(dian)。鱗(lin)片小(xiao)。鯽:體(ti)(ti)型較瘦(shou)長(chang)或稍高,體(ti)(ti)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)銀黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),背(bei)(bei)面較深,腹(fu)(fu)面較淺。鱗(lin)片緊密,不(bu)易(yi)脫鱗(lin)。肌肉(rou)緊密,口感(gan)鮮(xian)美(mei),無土腥味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。其(qi)他具體(ti)(ti)成分如下:青(qing)(qing)魚:每(mei)100g肌肉(rou)中(zhong)(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)17.0g~20.0g,粗(cu)(cu)脂肪1.0g~3.0g,鈣(gai)(gai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>5mg;氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong),鮮(xian)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(天(tian)冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)精(jing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>4%,甘(gan)(gan)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(甘(gan)(gan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)丙氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>1.2%。草魚:每(mei)100g肌肉(rou)中(zhong)(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)15.0g~21.0g,粗(cu)(cu)脂肪1.0g~3.0g,鈣(gai)(gai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>30mg;氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong),鮮(xian)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(天(tian)冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)精(jing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>4.5%,甘(gan)(gan)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(甘(gan)(gan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)丙氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>1.5%。鰱:每(mei)100g肌肉(rou)中(zhong)(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)17.0g~21.0g,粗(cu)(cu)脂肪1.0g~3.0g,鈣(gai)(gai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>5mg;氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong),鮮(xian)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(天(tian)冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)精(jing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>5.5%,甘(gan)(gan)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(甘(gan)(gan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)丙氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>1.6%。鳙(yong):每(mei)100g肌肉(rou)中(zhong)(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)17.0g~20.0g,粗(cu)(cu)脂肪0.8g~2.0g,鈣(gai)(gai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>10mg;氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong),鮮(xian)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(天(tian)冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)精(jing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>5.5%,甘(gan)(gan)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(甘(gan)(gan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)丙氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>1.6%。鯽:每(mei)100g肌肉(rou)中(zhong)(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)15.0g~19.0g,粗(cu)(cu)脂肪1.0g~4.5g,鈣(gai)(gai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>20mg;氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong),鮮(xian)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(天(tian)冬氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、谷氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)精(jing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>4.5%,甘(gan)(gan)味(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(甘(gan)(gan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)丙氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan))含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)>1.4%。湖州(zhou)桑基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)塘魚產(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)符合國家食品安全相關(guan)要求。
選(xuan)擇水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源充(chong)足、進排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方便(bian)、生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)好、周邊(bian)無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)的(de)區(qu)域,應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)當地(di)(di)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域灘涂規(gui)劃。此(ci)外,要(yao)求交通便(bian)利,電力供應(ying)(ying)(ying)充(chong)足,無(wu)自然災害(hai)風險;水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)陸交接,可布局魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)和(he)(he)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)地(di)(di)。桑(sang)(sang)(sang)基塘(tang)(tang)(tang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)NY5051《無(wu)公害(hai)食(shi)品淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)》的(de)規(gui)定(ding)。魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)面積(ji)以(yi)2~10畝(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜,魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面與桑(sang)(sang)(sang)地(di)(di)面積(ji)比以(yi)7:3~5:5為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜。塘(tang)(tang)(tang)深以(yi)2~3米(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深1.5米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上。塘(tang)(tang)(tang)底(di)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)深度(du)以(yi)10~20厘米(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜。塘(tang)(tang)(tang)堤及周邊(bian)種植桑(sang)(sang)(sang)樹和(he)(he)青(qing)(qing)飼料(liao)。以(yi)傳(chuan)統的(de)四大家魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(青(qing)(qing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、草(cao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鰱(lian)和(he)(he)鳙)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,輔(fu)(fu)以(yi)雜食(shi)性(xing)的(de)鯽(ji),適當搭配翹嘴鲌、鱖魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃顙魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等。放養(yang)(yang)(yang)前(qian)準備:放養(yang)(yang)(yang)前(qian)清除過多淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni),供作桑(sang)(sang)(sang)樹的(de)肥(fei)料(liao),曝曬(shai)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)底(di)。每(mei)畝(mu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)石灰50~150千克(ke)清塘(tang)(tang)(tang)處理(li)(li)(li),一(yi)般7~10天后(hou)可放魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種。魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種放養(yang)(yang)(yang):放養(yang)(yang)(yang)過程中(zhong)要(yao)盡量避免(mian)受傷。借鑒古(gu)法(fa)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)模式(shi),每(mei)畝(mu)放養(yang)(yang)(yang)青(qing)(qing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、草(cao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鰱(lian)、鳙和(he)(he)鯽(ji),適當套養(yang)(yang)(yang)翹嘴鲌、鱖魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃顙魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等。同一(yi)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)種應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)擇規(gui)格(ge)整(zheng)齊、體(ti)質(zhi)(zhi)健(jian)壯、無(wu)病無(wu)傷、攝食(shi)正常(chang)、無(wu)農獸藥殘留的(de)個(ge)體(ti)。餌(er)料(liao)及投(tou)(tou)喂(wei):采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物餌(er)料(liao),以(yi)麥芽和(he)(he)青(qing)(qing)飼料(liao)(黑麥草(cao)、蘇丹草(cao)等)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,輔(fu)(fu)以(yi)蠶(can)沙、桑(sang)(sang)(sang)葉、螺螄等。不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人工配合(he)飼料(liao)。投(tou)(tou)喂(wei)做(zuo)到(dao)定(ding)點、定(ding)時(shi)(shi)、定(ding)質(zhi)(zhi)、定(ding)量。投(tou)(tou)喂(wei)麥芽和(he)(he)青(qing)(qing)飼料(liao)以(yi)0.5小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)內(nei)吃(chi)完為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜。一(yi)般每(mei)天投(tou)(tou)喂(wei)2次(ci),日(ri)投(tou)(tou)餌(er)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)重量的(de)1%~5%。具體(ti)應(ying)(ying)(ying)根據魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)攝食(shi)情況、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、天氣(qi)等調整(zheng)投(tou)(tou)餌(er)量和(he)(he)投(tou)(tou)餌(er)次(ci)數(shu)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li):養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)池塘(tang)(tang)(tang)保持水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)“肥(fei)、活、嫩(nen)、爽”,透明度(du)30cm左(zuo)右。視水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)情況,適時(shi)(shi)加注新(xin)(xin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)調控水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)。一(yi)般晴天中(zhong)午宜開增(zeng)氧機或涌浪機1~3小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。日(ri)常(chang)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li):每(mei)天早晚巡(xun)塘(tang)(tang)(tang),觀察水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)群攝食(shi)與活動情況,發現問(wen)題應(ying)(ying)(ying)及時(shi)(shi)采取措施,并(bing)做(zuo)好日(ri)常(chang)記錄。病害(hai)防治(zhi):堅持預(yu)防為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主、防治(zhi)結(jie)合(he)、綠色(se)生(sheng)態(tai)的(de)原則,做(zuo)好魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)病預(yu)防工作。不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗生(sheng)素和(he)(he)殺蟲劑。捕(bu)撈(lao)運輸:采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)拉網或定(ding)制張(zhang)網捕(bu)撈(lao);用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)運輸車、活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)包裝袋等運輸。尾水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li):整(zheng)個(ge)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)生(sheng)產過程采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)態(tai)循(xun)環(huan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)模式(shi),以(yi)少量補充(chong)新(xin)(xin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主。如果因(yin)捕(bu)撈(lao)、清塘(tang)(tang)(tang)等需降低(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位,可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池塘(tang)(tang)(tang)相互調劑和(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溝渠等予以(yi)解決(jue)。養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)排放應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)國家相關規(gui)定(ding)。