“銅山金(jin)杏(xing)”果實圓形,平均單果重65g,果頂平,縫合線淺、不明顯;果面(mian)光亮(liang),底色金(jin)黃、有紅暈;果肉橙(cheng)黃色、有香氣,肉質鮮嫩、味(wei)甜微酸,汁(zhi)多(duo)爽口、纖維少,離(li)核(he),可食率(lv)高。
銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)金杏的地域保護范圍位(wei)于徐州市銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)區伊莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)冠(guan)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、倪園(yuan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、趙圩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、伊莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂(lv)梁(liang)(liang)林場(chang)、洪(hong)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂(lv)梁(liang)(liang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、白塔(ta)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、盧(lu)套村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、馬集村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、迷馬村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);張(zhang)集鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)所轄鄧(deng)樓村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);漢(han)王(wang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)所轄漢(han)王(wang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東沿村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、班(ban)井村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);柳(liu)泉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)所轄西相村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官路村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),共計(ji)16個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、1場(chang)部,地理坐(zuo)標為(wei)東經(jing)117°04′42"~117°32′56",北緯34°09′16"~34°12′28"之間。生產面積(ji)約800公頃,年產量10000噸。
銅山(shan)金杏的(de)地(di)域保(bao)護范圍位于徐州市銅山(shan)區伊(yi)莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)冠山(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、倪(ni)園村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、趙圩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、伊(yi)莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁林場(chang)、洪(hong)山(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、白塔村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、盧套村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、馬集村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、迷(mi)馬村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);張集鎮(zhen)(zhen)所(suo)轄(xia)鄧樓村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);漢(han)(han)王(wang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)所(suo)轄(xia)漢(han)(han)王(wang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東沿村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、班(ban)井村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);柳泉鎮(zhen)(zhen)所(suo)轄(xia)西相村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官路村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),共計16個村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、1場(chang)部,地(di)理坐(zuo)標為東經117°04′42"~117°32′56",北緯34°09′16"~34°12′28"之間(jian)。生產(chan)面積約(yue)800公頃(qing),年產(chan)量10000噸。
氣(qi)候(hou)特點:銅(tong)山金杏的(de)生產地(di)域內屬暖(nuan)溫帶半濕潤季風氣(qi)候(hou),四季分明(ming),夏無酷(ku)暑,冬無嚴(yan)寒。光、熱、水配合(he)較好。全年(nian)(nian)太(tai)陽輻射總量119.4千卡/平方(fang)厘米(mi),年(nian)(nian)均氣(qi)溫14℃,年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時(shi)(shi)數為2284小時(shi)(shi)~2495小時(shi)(shi),日(ri)照率(lv)52%~57%,年(nian)(nian)均無霜期200天~220天,年(nian)(nian)均降水量800毫米(mi)~930毫米(mi),金杏生長期間的(de)降水量占全年(nian)(nian)降水量的(de)80%以上(shang)。
水文條(tiao)件(jian):銅山金杏生長主要依靠天然降(jiang)雨,生長期降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)的720毫米(mi)以上,且夏季(ji)雨量(liang)(liang)充沛,春秋(qiu)降(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)偏少,非(fei)常適宜金杏生長發育、光合作(zuo)用物質積累與轉化的需要。境內有山泉分布,且屬大運河水系,灌溉條(tiao)件(jian)較好,水質優。
地(di)形地(di)貌:徐(xu)州(zhou)市銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)區主要由(you)平原(yuan)和(he)丘陵崗地(di)兩部(bu)分(fen)組成(cheng)。地(di)勢東高西(xi)低(di)(di),由(you)東向西(xi)呈波(bo)浪起伏地(di)形,地(di)形開闊。銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)金杏(xing)生(sheng)產區域地(di)處該區東南部(bu)低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵邊緣(yuan)地(di)帶,主要分(fen)布在山(shan)(shan)體下部(bu)及與平原(yuan)結合部(bu),平均海拔70米。
土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)質(zhi):銅山(shan)(shan)金杏(xing)產(chan)地土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為石灰巖母質(zhi)發育的山(shan)(shan)黃土(tu)、山(shan)(shan)淤土(tu),質(zhi)地中壤(rang)(rang)(rang)至粘壤(rang)(rang)(rang),土(tu)層深厚,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)肥沃,pH值6.8~7.6,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有機(ji)質(zhi)0.9~1.5%。
人(ren)文歷史情(qing)況:銅(tong)山(shan)金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing),底(di)色(se)金(jin)黃(huang)(huang),果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)橙黃(huang)(huang)色(se),當(dang)地(di)俗稱“金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)”或“麥黃(huang)(huang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)”。銅(tong)山(shan)金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)歷史悠久(jiu),據(ju)乾隆(long)《銅(tong)山(shan)縣志(zhi)》卷二(er)記載,當(dang)時民(min)(min)間栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)的果(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)就有桃(tao)、梨、李、棗、梅(mei)、柿、粟、核桃(tao)、櫻(ying)桃(tao)、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、石榴、葡(pu)萄、紅花(hua)、沙果(guo)(guo)(guo)、海棠、銀(yin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、羊棗、地(di)棗等(deng)20多個種類;《江蘇(su)果(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)志(zhi)(中卷)》(1993年)記載:“據(ju)清道(dao)光年(1830年)《銅(tong)山(shan)縣志(zhi)》卷四記載,果(guo)(guo)(guo)屬(shu)中將杏(xing)(xing)(xing)排(pai)在第四位,即桃(tao)、李、柰、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、梨、棗、梅(mei)……說(shuo)明清代杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)在銅(tong)山(shan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)中已(yi)經占(zhan)有一(yi)定地(di)位。”;《銅(tong)山(shan)縣志(zhi)》(1993)記載,《江蘇(su)省(sheng)鄉土(tu)志(zhi)》中:“民(min)(min)國(guo)時期桃(tao)、棗、梨、粟、白果(guo)(guo)(guo)、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、李、柿等(deng)的產(chan)量均居全(quan)省(sheng)各(ge)縣前列(lie)。”。蘇(su)軾在彭城做太守時,曾(ceng)作詩敘徐(xu)州(zhou)的杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua):“一(yi)色(se)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)三(san)十里,新郎君去(qu)馬如飛。”,從此,徐(xu)州(zhou)的杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)和金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)便名氣日隆(long)。
外(wai)在感官特征:“銅(tong)山金杏(xing)”果(guo)(guo)實(shi)圓形(xing),平均單果(guo)(guo)重(zhong)65g,果(guo)(guo)頂(ding)平,縫(feng)合線淺、不明(ming)顯(xian);果(guo)(guo)面光(guang)亮(liang),底色金黃、有(you)紅暈;果(guo)(guo)肉橙黃色、有(you)香(xiang)氣(qi),肉質(zhi)鮮嫩、味甜微酸(suan),汁多爽口、纖維(wei)少,離(li)核,可(ke)(ke)食(shi)率高。內(nei)在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標:可(ke)(ke)溶性固形(xing)物≥12%,可(ke)(ke)滴定(ding)酸(suan)≤2g/100g,水分≥90g/100g,維(wei)生素C≥4mg/100g。安全(quan)要(yao)求:安全(quan)要(yao)求符合《食(shi)品安全(quan)系列國家標準》。