“銅山(shan)金(jin)杏”果(guo)(guo)實圓形,平(ping)均單果(guo)(guo)重65g,果(guo)(guo)頂平(ping),縫合(he)線淺、不明顯;果(guo)(guo)面(mian)光亮,底色(se)金(jin)黃、有紅暈;果(guo)(guo)肉橙黃色(se)、有香氣,肉質鮮嫩、味甜(tian)微酸,汁多爽口、纖維少,離核,可(ke)食率高(gao)。
銅山(shan)金(jin)杏的地域保護范圍位(wei)于徐州市銅山(shan)區伊莊(zhuang)鎮冠山(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、倪園村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、趙圩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、伊莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁林場、洪山(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、白(bai)塔村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、盧套村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、馬(ma)集(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、迷(mi)馬(ma)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);張集(ji)鎮所轄(xia)鄧(deng)樓村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);漢王(wang)鎮所轄(xia)漢王(wang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東沿(yan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、班(ban)井村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);柳泉鎮所轄(xia)西相村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官路村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),共計16個村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、1場部(bu),地理坐(zuo)標為(wei)東經(jing)117°04′42"~117°32′56",北緯(wei)34°09′16"~34°12′28"之間(jian)。生產(chan)(chan)面(mian)積約(yue)800公頃(qing),年產(chan)(chan)量10000噸。
銅山(shan)(shan)金杏的地域保護范圍位(wei)于徐州(zhou)市銅山(shan)(shan)區伊(yi)莊鎮(zhen)冠山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、倪園村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、趙圩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、伊(yi)莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁林場(chang)、洪山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、呂梁村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、白塔村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、盧套村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、馬(ma)(ma)集村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、迷馬(ma)(ma)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);張(zhang)集鎮(zhen)所轄鄧樓村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);漢(han)王鎮(zhen)所轄漢(han)王村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)沿村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、班(ban)井村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);柳(liu)泉鎮(zhen)所轄西相村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官路村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),共計16個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、1場(chang)部(bu),地理(li)坐標(biao)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經117°04′42"~117°32′56",北緯34°09′16"~34°12′28"之間。生產面積約800公頃(qing),年產量10000噸(dun)。
氣(qi)候特點:銅(tong)山金杏的生(sheng)(sheng)產地域內(nei)屬暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶半濕潤季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候,四(si)季(ji)分明,夏無(wu)酷暑,冬無(wu)嚴寒。光、熱、水(shui)配(pei)合較好。全年(nian)太陽輻射總(zong)量(liang)119.4千卡/平(ping)方厘米,年(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)14℃,年(nian)日照時數為2284小(xiao)時~2495小(xiao)時,日照率52%~57%,年(nian)均(jun)無(wu)霜期(qi)200天~220天,年(nian)均(jun)降水(shui)量(liang)800毫(hao)(hao)米~930毫(hao)(hao)米,金杏生(sheng)(sheng)長期(qi)間的降水(shui)量(liang)占全年(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)的80%以上。
水(shui)文(wen)條件(jian):銅山金杏生(sheng)長主要(yao)依(yi)靠(kao)天(tian)然降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu),生(sheng)長期降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量的(de)720毫米(mi)以上(shang),且(qie)夏季雨(yu)量充沛,春秋降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量偏(pian)少,非常適(shi)宜金杏生(sheng)長發育、光合(he)作用物(wu)質積累與轉(zhuan)化的(de)需要(yao)。境內有山泉分(fen)布,且(qie)屬大運河(he)水(shui)系,灌溉條件(jian)較好,水(shui)質優。
地(di)形(xing)地(di)貌:徐(xu)州市(shi)銅山區(qu)主(zhu)要(yao)由平原和丘陵崗地(di)兩部(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成。地(di)勢東(dong)高西低,由東(dong)向西呈(cheng)波浪起伏地(di)形(xing),地(di)形(xing)開(kai)闊。銅山金(jin)杏生產區(qu)域(yu)地(di)處該區(qu)東(dong)南部(bu)低山丘陵邊緣地(di)帶,主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在山體下部(bu)及與平原結合部(bu),平均海拔70米(mi)。
土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi):銅山(shan)金杏(xing)產地(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)為石灰巖母質(zhi)發育(yu)的山(shan)黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)、山(shan)淤土(tu)(tu)(tu),質(zhi)地(di)中壤(rang)(rang)至粘壤(rang)(rang),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)沃,pH值6.8~7.6,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機質(zhi)0.9~1.5%。
人(ren)文歷史(shi)情況:銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing),底(di)色金(jin)黃,果(guo)(guo)肉橙黃色,當地俗稱“金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)”或“麥(mai)黃杏(xing)(xing)(xing)”。銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)栽培歷史(shi)悠久,據乾隆《銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)志(zhi)》卷二記(ji)載,當時(shi)(shi)民(min)間栽培的(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)樹就(jiu)有(you)桃(tao)(tao)、梨、李、棗、梅、柿(shi)、粟(su)、核桃(tao)(tao)、櫻桃(tao)(tao)、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、石(shi)榴、葡(pu)萄、紅花(hua)、沙果(guo)(guo)、海棠、銀杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、羊棗、地棗等(deng)20多個(ge)種類(lei);《江蘇(su)(su)果(guo)(guo)樹志(zhi)(中(zhong)卷)》(1993年(nian))記(ji)載:“據清道(dao)光年(nian)(1830年(nian))《銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)志(zhi)》卷四(si)(si)記(ji)載,果(guo)(guo)屬中(zhong)將(jiang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)排在(zai)(zai)第四(si)(si)位,即桃(tao)(tao)、李、柰、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、梨、棗、梅……說明清代杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹在(zai)(zai)銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)果(guo)(guo)樹栽培中(zhong)已(yi)經(jing)占有(you)一定地位。”;《銅(tong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)志(zhi)》(1993)記(ji)載,《江蘇(su)(su)省(sheng)鄉土志(zhi)》中(zhong):“民(min)國時(shi)(shi)期桃(tao)(tao)、棗、梨、粟(su)、白果(guo)(guo)、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)、李、柿(shi)等(deng)的(de)(de)產量(liang)均居全省(sheng)各縣(xian)前(qian)列。”。蘇(su)(su)軾在(zai)(zai)彭城做太守(shou)時(shi)(shi),曾作詩敘徐(xu)州的(de)(de)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua):“一色杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)三十里,新郎君去馬如飛(fei)。”,從此,徐(xu)州的(de)(de)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)和金(jin)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)便名氣(qi)日隆。
外在感官(guan)特征:“銅山金杏”果(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)圓形,平均(jun)單果(guo)(guo)(guo)重(zhong)65g,果(guo)(guo)(guo)頂平,縫合線淺、不(bu)明顯;果(guo)(guo)(guo)面光亮,底(di)色(se)金黃(huang)、有紅暈;果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉橙黃(huang)色(se)、有香氣,肉質(zhi)鮮嫩、味甜(tian)微(wei)酸,汁多爽口、纖維少,離核,可(ke)食(shi)率高。內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標:可(ke)溶性固形物(wu)≥12%,可(ke)滴定酸≤2g/100g,水分≥90g/100g,維生素C≥4mg/100g。安全要(yao)求:安全要(yao)求符合《食(shi)品安全系列國家(jia)標準》。