西周(zhou)夔紋禁是西周(zhou)時(shi)期的青銅器,現收藏于天津博物館。
1926年曾為古玩店(dian)學徒的(de)(de)(de)陜西(xi)軍閥(fa)黨玉琨(kun),組織人員(yuan)在(zai)(zai)寶雞斗雞臺(tai)戴(dai)家溝進(jin)(jin)行大規(gui)模的(de)(de)(de)盜掘,挖出(chu)了(le)大批(pi)珍貴的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)物,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)有(you)這件西(xi)周夔紋(wen)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)。后(hou)來黨玉琨(kun)在(zai)(zai)戰亂中(zhong)(zhong)死去(qu),他盜掘的(de)(de)(de)這批(pi)文(wen)物落在(zai)(zai)了(le)隸(li)屬國民(min)革命軍第二集團軍的(de)(de)(de)宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元手中(zhong)(zhong)。宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元將其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)一部分(fen)送給了(le)馮玉祥,大部分(fen)則(ze)(ze)運回了(le)北京(jing)(jing)、天津,有(you)很多(duo)則(ze)(ze)被轉賣到(dao)(dao)國外,此(ci)件夔紋(wen)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)則(ze)(ze)一直保(bao)存在(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元在(zai)(zai)天津的(de)(de)(de)家中(zhong)(zhong)。抗日(ri)戰爭(zheng)期間,日(ri)軍占領天津英(ying)租界,并對宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元的(de)(de)(de)公館查抄,掠去(qu)很多(duo)財物,這件銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)也在(zai)(zai)劫難逃,宋(song)(song)(song)哲(zhe)元三弟(di)宋(song)(song)(song)慧泉得知此(ci)事后(hou)多(duo)方打點(dian)才(cai)將這件銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)及其(qi)他文(wen)物從(cong)日(ri)軍手中(zhong)(zhong)贖回,并在(zai)(zai)家中(zhong)(zhong)盡心(xin)收(shou)藏保(bao)管。直到(dao)(dao)1968年,天津文(wen)物管理(li)處(chu)在(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)(song)氏親屬家中(zhong)(zhong),發現了(le)被砸(za)成幾十塊的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)碎塊,加(jia)上(shang)文(wen)物工(gong)作(zuo)者在(zai)(zai)物資回收(shou)部門找到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)碎塊。1972年5月送到(dao)(dao)北京(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)國歷(li)史博物館由(you)高英(ying)、張(zhang)蘭惠等老師(shi)傅(fu)進(jin)(jin)行修復。首先(xian)進(jin)(jin)行整形,然后(hou)進(jin)(jin)行焊接(jie),缺失的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)用厚銅(tong)(tong)板補配(pei),并按原(yuan)樣予以鏨花,最后(hou)在(zai)(zai)補的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)再作(zuo)上(shang)假銹。西(xi)周銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)又完(wan)好如初地展現它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)風采。
西周夔紋銅禁高(gao)23厘(li)(li)米(mi),長(chang)126厘(li)(li)米(mi),寬46.6厘(li)(li)米(mi)。整體呈扁(bian)平立體長(chang)方形,中空(kong)無底(di),禁面(mian)上有(you)(you)三個(ge)微凸起的(de)橢(tuo)圓形子口(kou),中間(jian)的(de)子口(kou)略小(xiao)于兩邊子口(kou),禁前后(hou)兩面(mian)各有(you)(you)兩排鏤(lou)空(kong)的(de)長(chang)方形孔十六個(ge),左右兩面(mian)各有(you)(you)兩排鏤(lou)空(kong)的(de)長(chang)方形孔四個(ge),禁的(de)四周都(dou)飾有(you)(you)精美的(de)夔紋,紋飾生動,造型端莊,鑄造精良(liang)。
傳世(shi)(shi)的(de)西周(zhou)銅(tong)禁(jin)僅見(jian)兩(liang)件(jian)(jian),此其(qi)一。另(ling)一件(jian)(jian)夔紋銅(tong)禁(jin)現藏于美(mei)國(guo)(guo)紐約大都(dou)會博(bo)物館,禁(jin)上及(ji)周(zhou)圍擺放了(le)各式青銅(tong)酒具。禁(jin)這種形制(zhi)的(de)銅(tong)器在國(guo)(guo)內外均十分罕見(jian),極其(qi)珍貴(gui),天(tian)津博(bo)物館藏的(de)這件(jian)(jian)西周(zhou)夔紋銅(tong)禁(jin)是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)出土的(de)銅(tong)禁(jin)中形體最(zui)大的(de)一件(jian)(jian),亦為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)禁(jin)止出國(guo)(guo)(境)展覽文物,它是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)青銅(tong)器中的(de)稀世(shi)(shi)珍品(pin)。是(shi)研究中國(guo)(guo)青銅(tong)禁(jin)歷史的(de)珍貴(gui)實物資料。