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崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(Narcissus tazetta var.chinensis)為(wei)(wei)石蒜(suan)科水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙屬。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙花(hua)，歷來是(shi)深受人(ren)人(ren)們喜愛的(de)花(hua)中珍品(pin)，在(zai)(zai)我國以福建漳(zhang)(zhang)州和(he)上海崇(chong)明(ming)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙最為(wei)(wei)有名。崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙和(he)漳(zhang)(zhang)州水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙齊名，它們同(tong)出一(yi)源，組成中國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙兩(liang)大品(pin)系。崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙的(de)特點是(shi)球根自(zi)然分株較少，且芳(fang)香濃郁，經月不(bu)散，為(wei)(wei)他(ta)地水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙所不(bu)及。花(hua)瓣(ban)潤白似玉，狀(zhuang)如圓盤，心呈金(jin)黃，宛如酒(jiu)盞，故(gu)有“金(jin)盞銀臺”之美稱。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙在(zai)(zai)吐蕊綻(zhan)放之際，那青(qing)翠欲滴的(de)葉片，亭亭玉立的(de)花(hua)梗，襯托著(zhu)春(chun)雪般(ban)晶瑩的(de)花(hua)朵，陣陣芳(fang)馨(xin)沁人(ren)心脾，更給(gei)人(ren)以樸(pu)素、淡雅(ya)而又(you)高潔、脫俗的(de)美感。

崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)、福建漳州水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)與(yu)浙江普陀水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)均為中國水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要栽培類型(xing)。 崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)作為上(shang)(shang)海(hai)地(di)(di)方特色花卉(hui)(hui)，是上(shang)(shang)海(hai)“唯一(yi)”具有地(di)(di)理標(biao)志性的(de)(de)花卉(hui)(hui)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)資源，在(zai)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣已有 400 多年的(de)(de)栽培史(shi)。上(shang)(shang)世紀 30~50 年代，曾風(feng)靡一(yi)時，因其馥郁的(de)(de)芳香(xiang)、清雅的(de)(de)外(wai)形而著(zhu)稱(cheng)于國內(nei)外(wai)的(de)(de)花卉(hui)(hui)市場(chang)。但(dan)由于歷史(shi)、種(zhong)(zhong)源、效益(yi)等多種(zhong)(zhong)因素的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，使得崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)在(zai)花卉(hui)(hui)市場(chang)上(shang)(shang)消靡近20年。

崇明(ming)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)知道的(de)人并不多，因為(wei)崇明(ming)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)是比較稀少，比較珍(zhen)貴的(de)。和漳州水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)的(de)旱種(zhong)方(fang)式不同，崇明(ming)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)都(dou)是水(shui)田栽種(zhong)。一般來(lai)說(shuo)，100個水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)頭中(zhong)只有20個可以作為(wei)商(shang)品來(lai)出售，如此低的(de)商(shang)品率大大增加了農戶的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)成本。此外，由于(yu)崇明(ming)水(shui)仙(xian)(xian)是無(wu)性繁殖，沒有開花授粉，由此更是造就了其(qi)的(de)珍(zhen)貴程(cheng)度(du)。

此外崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)最大(da)的(de)特點就在于花形好(hao)，花期(qi)長。由于比(bi)漳(zhang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平均氣溫高7°C，崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花期(qi)長達40天左(zuo)右，而(er)漳(zhang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花期(qi)為25天至(zhi)30天。把崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和漳(zhang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)放一起種，崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)結的(de)花會比(bi)其少，但其個頭往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會遠遠高于漳(zhang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。另外，崇(chong)明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)香味總是(shi)濃于漳(zhang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)。

地栽崇明水(shui)仙一般(ban)在9月底，翌年3月上旬(xun)開花(hua)，花(hua)期長達40天(tian)左右(you)。

對洋水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)的(de)研究集中(zhong)在(zai)起源(yuan)與分類。崇明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)以花(hua)(hua)(hua)型而論，品種主要有(you)(you)“金盞銀臺”和(he)“玉玲瓏”。前者單(dan)瓣(ban)(ban)，花(hua)(hua)(hua)呈喇叭型，上(shang)(shang)部六瓣(ban)(ban)，或平(ping)展，或反(fan)卷，副花(hua)(hua)(hua)冠成杯(bei)狀，形似金色盅置于(yu)銀臺只上(shang)(shang)；后(hou)者為復(fu)瓣(ban)(ban)，其花(hua)(hua)(hua)冠折皺，也呈六瓣(ban)(ban)。上(shang)(shang)海(hai)的(de)崇明(ming)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)具(ju)有(you)(you)花(hua)(hua)(hua)香幽雅、花(hua)(hua)(hua)期長等(deng)特點，是(shi)中(zhong)國的(de)十(shi)大名花(hua)(hua)(hua)之一，在(zai)崇明(ming)已有(you)(you)400多年的(de)栽(zai)培史(shi)，早在(zai)二(er)十(shi)世紀三十(shi)年代(dai)已銷(xiao)往上(shang)(shang)海(hai)、江蘇(su)等(deng)地是(shi)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)的(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)品牌，近年對生(sheng)產技(ji)術的(de)提(ti)高(gao)、改造，使球(qiu)莖的(de)質量和(he)產量有(you)(you)了(le)大幅提(ti)高(gao)，在(zai)每(mei)年的(de)元旦至春(chun)節(jie)，水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)現蕾后(hou)投入市(shi)場，既提(ti)高(gao)了(le)觀賞價值，又(you)減輕了(le)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)愛(ai)好者的(de)麻煩。