沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)是太湖流域(yu)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)的(de)地方豬(zhu)種(zhong)之(zhi)一(yi),以產(chan)仔數多、繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)力(li)高而著(zhu)(zhu)稱,屬于(yu)江海(hai)型豬(zhu)種(zhong),產(chan)于(yu)長(chang)江口的(de)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)島(dao),是我國豬(zhu)種(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)力(li)強,產(chan)仔數多的(de)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)地方品種(zhong)。沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)在崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)有著(zhu)(zhu)悠久的(de)飼(si)養歷史(shi),早(zao)在唐武德元(yuan)年(公元(yuan)618年)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)島(dao)居(ju)民(min)便開始(shi)飼(si)養。經(jing)過長(chang)期(qi)的(de)自然、社會選(xuan)擇(ze),明(ming)清時期(qi)島(dao)上(shang)(shang)已形成(cheng)了(le)獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)品種(zhong),形成(cheng)了(le)具(ju)(ju)有體型緊(jin)湊、體質結(jie)實、行(xing)動靈活。頭(tou)中等(deng)大,面(mian)長(chang)短(duan)適(shi)中、額部皺(zhou)紋較淺、玉鼻。耳大下(xia)(xia)垂略短(duan)于(yu)嘴筒、耳根微硬。背(bei)腰平(ping)直或(huo)微凹,腹大下(xia)(xia)垂但(dan)不(bu)拖地、08對(dui)以上(shang)(shang)。毛色(se)(se)黑、腿部有皺(zhou)褶(zhe),四腳有白(bai)(bai)毛 (俗稱四白(bai)(bai)腳)等(deng)體型外貌特(te)(te)征,同時具(ju)(ju)有性成(cheng)熟早(zao)(3~4月齡(ling))、繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)力(li)高(初產(chan)13頭(tou),經(jing)產(chan)15頭(tou)以上(shang)(shang))、耐粗飼(si)、泌乳力(li)強、使用年限長(chang)等(deng)優良特(te)(te)性,而且尤(you)以肉(rou)質鮮美、嫩而多汁等(deng)特(te)(te)點聞(wen)名(ming)于(yu)世,特(te)(te)別對(dui)低溫(wen)、潮(chao)濕的(de)海(hai)島(dao)地理氣候條件有較強的(de)適(shi)應能力(li),為上(shang)(shang)海(hai)獨(du)具(ju)(ju)特(te)(te)色(se)(se)的(de)地方品種(zhong)豬(zhu)之(zhi)一(yi)。
崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)是(shi)中國第三(san)(san)大島(dao),也是(shi)世界上(shang)最大的河口沖積島(dao)嶼(yu),位于長(chang)江(jiang)入海口,三(san)(san)面(mian)環江(jiang),一(yi)面(mian)臨海。它東(dong)(dong)瀕(bin)浩瀚東(dong)(dong)海,南與(yu)上(shang)海市(shi)寶山(shan)區(qu)、浦(pu)東(dong)(dong)新(xin)區(qu)及江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)太倉市(shi)隔水相望(wang),西(xi)接(jie)滾滾長(chang)江(jiang),北與(yu)江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)海門區(qu)、啟東(dong)(dong)市(shi)一(yi)衣帶水。公(gong)元1222年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian) (南宋嘉定(ding)十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))在崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)設(she)天賜鹽(yan)場(chang),隸(li)通州;1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月1日改隸(li)上(shang)海市(shi),設(she)立崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian)。崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)沙(sha)(sha)烏(wu)頭(tou)豬農(nong)產(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域(yu)保護范(fan)圍(wei)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)經121°09′30"至(zhi)121°54′00"、北緯31°27′00"至(zhi)31°51′15"的崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian),包括崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)、長(chang)興(xing)島(dao)和橫沙(sha)(sha)島(dao)。三(san)(san)島(dao)陸域(yu)總面(mian)積為(wei)(wei)1411平(ping)方公(gong)里,其中崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)1267平(ping)方公(gong)里,長(chang)興(xing)島(dao)88平(ping)方公(gong)里,橫沙(sha)(sha)島(dao)56平(ping)方公(gong)里,崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)沙(sha)(sha)烏(wu)頭(tou)豬生(sheng)產(chan)規(gui)模48000頭(tou),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總產(chan)量8000噸。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上(shang)海市(shi)委市(shi)政府就明(ming)(ming)確把(ba)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian)作為(wei)(wei)21世紀上(shang)海可持(chi)續發(fa)展的重要戰略空間。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),隨著建設(she)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)世界級現代(dai)化生(sheng)態島(dao)區(qu)總目標(biao)的確定(ding),崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)迎來了千載難逢的歷史發(fa)展機(ji)遇。