沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬是太湖流域著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)豬種之一(yi),以產(chan)(chan)仔數(shu)多(duo)(duo)、繁殖力(li)高而著(zhu)稱(cheng),屬于江(jiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)型(xing)豬種,產(chan)(chan)于長江(jiang)口的(de)(de)(de)崇明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao),是我國豬種繁殖力(li)強(qiang),產(chan)(chan)仔數(shu)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)著(zhu)名地方(fang)品(pin)種。沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬在崇明(ming)(ming)(ming)有(you)(you)著(zhu)悠(you)久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)飼養(yang)(yang)歷史(shi),早在唐武(wu)德元年(公元618年)崇明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)居(ju)民便(bian)開(kai)始(shi)飼養(yang)(yang)。經(jing)過(guo)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)自然、社(she)會選(xuan)擇,明(ming)(ming)(ming)清時期(qi)島(dao)上(shang)(shang)已形成了獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)沙烏(wu)頭(tou)豬品(pin)種,形成了具有(you)(you)體型(xing)緊(jin)湊、體質結實、行動靈活(huo)。頭(tou)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)大(da),面長短適(shi)中(zhong)、額(e)部(bu)皺紋較淺、玉鼻。耳(er)大(da)下(xia)垂略(lve)短于嘴筒、耳(er)根微(wei)硬。背腰(yao)平直或微(wei)凹,腹大(da)下(xia)垂但不拖地、08對以上(shang)(shang)。毛色黑、腿(tui)部(bu)有(you)(you)皺褶,四腳有(you)(you)白毛 (俗稱(cheng)四白腳)等(deng)(deng)體型(xing)外貌特(te)征,同時具有(you)(you)性成熟早(3~4月齡)、繁殖力(li)高(初產(chan)(chan)13頭(tou),經(jing)產(chan)(chan)15頭(tou)以上(shang)(shang))、耐粗飼、泌乳力(li)強(qiang)、使用年限長等(deng)(deng)優(you)良(liang)特(te)性,而且尤以肉質鮮(xian)美、嫩而多(duo)(duo)汁等(deng)(deng)特(te)點(dian)聞名于世,特(te)別(bie)對低(di)溫、潮濕的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)地理氣候條件(jian)有(you)(you)較強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)適(shi)應能力(li),為(wei)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)獨具特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)品(pin)種豬之一(yi)。
崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)是中國第三(san)大島(dao),也是世界上最(zui)大的(de)河口(kou)沖積(ji)島(dao)嶼(yu),位于(yu)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)入(ru)海(hai)口(kou),三(san)面環江(jiang),一面臨海(hai)。它(ta)東瀕浩瀚東海(hai),南與上海(hai)市寶山(shan)區(qu)、浦東新區(qu)及江(jiang)蘇省太(tai)倉市隔水相望,西接滾(gun)(gun)滾(gun)(gun)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang),北與江(jiang)蘇省海(hai)門區(qu)、啟東市一衣帶水。公(gong)元1222年(nian) (南宋嘉定十五(wu)年(nian))在崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)設(she)天賜鹽場,隸通州;1958年(nian)12月(yue)1日改隸上海(hai)市,設(she)立(li)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian)。崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙烏頭(tou)(tou)豬(zhu)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保護范圍為(wei)東經121°09′30"至121°54′00"、北緯31°27′00"至31°51′15"的(de)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian),包括崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)、長(chang)(chang)興島(dao)和橫沙島(dao)。三(san)島(dao)陸(lu)域總(zong)(zong)面積(ji)為(wei)1411平方公(gong)里(li),其中崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)1267平方公(gong)里(li),長(chang)(chang)興島(dao)88平方公(gong)里(li),橫沙島(dao)56平方公(gong)里(li),崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙烏頭(tou)(tou)豬(zhu)生產(chan)(chan)規模48000頭(tou)(tou),年(nian)總(zong)(zong)產(chan)(chan)量8000噸。2002年(nian)上海(hai)市委(wei)市政府(fu)就明(ming)(ming)(ming)確把(ba)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian)(xian)作(zuo)為(wei)21世紀(ji)上海(hai)可持續發(fa)展的(de)重要(yao)戰(zhan)略(lve)空(kong)間。2005年(nian),隨著建(jian)設(she)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)世界級(ji)現(xian)代化(hua)生態島(dao)區(qu)總(zong)(zong)目標(biao)的(de)確定,崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)迎來了千(qian)載難逢的(de)歷史發(fa)展機遇(yu)。