沙烏頭(tou)豬(zhu)是太湖流域著(zhu)名的地(di)方豬(zhu)種(zhong)之一(yi),以(yi)產仔(zi)(zi)數多、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)高(gao)而著(zhu)稱(cheng),屬于江海型豬(zhu)種(zhong),產于長江口的崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao),是我國豬(zhu)種(zhong)繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)強,產仔(zi)(zi)數多的著(zhu)名地(di)方品種(zhong)。沙烏頭(tou)豬(zhu)在崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)有(you)(you)著(zhu)悠久的飼養歷史,早在唐武德元年(公元618年)崇(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)居民便開始飼養。經過長期(qi)的自(zi)然、社會選擇,明(ming)(ming)清時期(qi)島(dao)上(shang)已形(xing)成了獨特(te)的沙烏頭(tou)豬(zhu)品種(zhong),形(xing)成了具有(you)(you)體(ti)型緊湊、體(ti)質結實(shi)、行動(dong)靈(ling)活(huo)。頭(tou)中等(deng)大(da),面長短(duan)適中、額部(bu)皺紋較淺、玉鼻。耳大(da)下(xia)垂(chui)略短(duan)于嘴(zui)筒、耳根微(wei)硬。背腰平(ping)直或微(wei)凹,腹大(da)下(xia)垂(chui)但(dan)不拖地(di)、08對(dui)以(yi)上(shang)。毛色黑、腿部(bu)有(you)(you)皺褶,四腳(jiao)有(you)(you)白(bai)毛 (俗(su)稱(cheng)四白(bai)腳(jiao))等(deng)體(ti)型外貌特(te)征,同時具有(you)(you)性(xing)成熟早(3~4月齡)、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)(li)高(gao)(初產13頭(tou),經產15頭(tou)以(yi)上(shang))、耐粗(cu)飼、泌乳力(li)(li)(li)強、使用年限長等(deng)優(you)良特(te)性(xing),而且尤以(yi)肉質鮮(xian)美、嫩(nen)而多汁等(deng)特(te)點聞名于世,特(te)別對(dui)低(di)溫、潮濕的海島(dao)地(di)理氣候條件有(you)(you)較強的適應能(neng)力(li)(li)(li),為上(shang)海獨具特(te)色的地(di)方品種(zhong)豬(zhu)之一(yi)。
崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)中國第三大(da)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),也(ye)是(shi)世界(jie)上(shang)最大(da)的河口(kou)沖積(ji)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)嶼,位于長江(jiang)入海(hai)口(kou),三面環(huan)江(jiang),一面臨海(hai)。它東(dong)(dong)瀕浩瀚東(dong)(dong)海(hai),南與上(shang)海(hai)市(shi)寶山區(qu)、浦東(dong)(dong)新區(qu)及江(jiang)蘇省太倉市(shi)隔水(shui)相(xiang)望,西接滾滾長江(jiang),北與江(jiang)蘇省海(hai)門(men)區(qu)、啟東(dong)(dong)市(shi)一衣帶水(shui)。公(gong)元(yuan)1222年 (南宋(song)嘉(jia)定(ding)十(shi)五年)在崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)設天賜鹽場(chang),隸(li)通(tong)州;1958年12月1日改隸(li)上(shang)海(hai)市(shi),設立崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣。崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)沙(sha)烏頭(tou)豬農產品地理標志地域(yu)保(bao)護范(fan)圍為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經121°09′30"至121°54′00"、北緯31°27′00"至31°51′15"的崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣,包括崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、長興島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)和橫沙(sha)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。三島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)陸域(yu)總面積(ji)為(wei)1411平方公(gong)里(li),其中崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)1267平方公(gong)里(li),長興島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)88平方公(gong)里(li),橫沙(sha)島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)56平方公(gong)里(li),崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)沙(sha)烏頭(tou)豬生產規模48000頭(tou),年總產量8000噸。2002年上(shang)海(hai)市(shi)委市(shi)政府就明(ming)(ming)確(que)把崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)縣作(zuo)為(wei)21世紀上(shang)海(hai)可持續發展的重要戰略(lve)空間。2005年,隨著建設崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)為(wei)世界(jie)級現(xian)代化生態島(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)區(qu)總目標的確(que)定(ding),崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)迎(ying)來了千載難逢的歷史發展機遇。