一.產品介紹
長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷史源遠(yuan)流長,久負(fu)盛(sheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming),是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化發祥(xiang)地(di)之(zhi)一(yi)。早在1200多年前的唐代,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣(sheng)陸(lu)羽在長興(xing)顧渚(zhu)山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區發現此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳(fang)香甘冽,冠(guan)于他境(jing),可薦于上”,并(bing)(bing)以“陽崖陰林(lin),紫(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)上,綠者(zhe)(zhe)次(ci)(ci),筍(sun)者(zhe)(zhe)上,芽者(zhe)(zhe)次(ci)(ci)”載(zai)入《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經(jing)》,取名(ming)(ming)(ming)“紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)”,推薦給皇(huang)帝。唐代貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分布較(jiao)廣(guang),包括(kuo)五道(dao)十七州部,而顧渚(zhu)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最為(wei)(wei)著名(ming)(ming)(ming),乃貴為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)上品(pin),有(you)詩云(yun)“瓊漿(jiang)玉露不可及,紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)一(yi)到喜若狂(kuang)”,被(bei)(bei)(bei)后(hou)(hou)人(ren)稱(cheng)謂中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)貢(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)最,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)源,而且朝廷(ting)命將貢(gong)(gong)額勒石立碑,定名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“顧渚(zhu)貢(gong)(gong)焙(bei)”。 近年來,長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)連續被(bei)(bei)(bei)省(sheng)農業(ye)(ye)廳評為(wei)(wei)浙江省(sheng)一(yi)類(lei)名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、省(sheng)級名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、全國(guo)(guo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、農業(ye)(ye)部首屆(jie)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)農博會(hui)獲(huo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)品(pin)等稱(cheng)號(hao)。并(bing)(bing)先后(hou)(hou)榮獲(huo)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)(ye)博覽(lan)會(hui)金(jin)獎、上海國(guo)(guo)際(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化節、浙江農業(ye)(ye)博覽(lan)會(hui)評為(wei)(wei)金(jin)獎等榮譽稱(cheng)號(hao);“紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)”牌(pai)(pai)商標已連續三(san)次(ci)(ci)被(bei)(bei)(bei)評為(wei)(wei)浙江省(sheng)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)商標,“紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)”牌(pai)(pai)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)已連續三(san)次(ci)(ci)被(bei)(bei)(bei)評為(wei)(wei)浙江省(sheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)品(pin)。
二.自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情(qing)(qing)況: 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)貌類(lei)型多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua),屬(shu)(shu)南(nan)京凹陷與江南(nan)古(gu)陸的(de)(de)邊緣地(di)(di)帶,屬(shu)(shu)天(tian)目(mu)山(shan)余脈,海(hai)(hai)拔高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5-600米(mi)(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),最(zui)高(gao)山(shan)峰為(wei)(wei)(wei)互通(tong)山(shan),海(hai)(hai)拔577.2米(mi)(mi)。土(tu)(tu)壤類(lei)型以(yi)(yi)(yi)砂巖(yan)風化(hua)(hua)物為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)黃泥砂土(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)由棕紅壤亞類(lei)母質發(fa)育而來(lai)的(de)(de)亞棕黃筋泥土(tu)(tu),質地(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中壤土(tu)(tu)--砂壤土(tu)(tu);耕層厚(hou)度(du)(du)(du)30-40cm;耕層含礫率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)10-15%之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian);PH值在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)4.5-6.5之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),偏酸性。有(you)機(ji)質含量(liang)達(da)40mg/kg,磷素在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5-10mg/kg,鉀素在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)50-60mg/kg。長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)縣(xian)(xian)西南(nan)、西北的(de)(de)低山(shan)高(gao)丘地(di)(di)區,適(shi)宜(yi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang),最(zui)適(shi)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)海(hai)(hai)拔高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)100-500米(mi)(mi)。 (2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)(wen)情(qing)(qing)況: 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)位于(yu)(yu)(yu)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)的(de)(de)最(zui)北端,地(di)(di)處蘇、浙(zhe)、皖三(san)省(sheng)結(jie)合(he)部(bu),東臨太(tai)湖(hu),屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)太(tai)湖(hu)流(liu)域,主(zhu)要河港(gang)有(you)龍溪港(gang)、泗(si)安港(gang)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)港(gang)、合(he)溪新港(gang),它們與和(he)(he)平(ping)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)、泗(si)安水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)、二界嶺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)、合(he)溪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)等相(xiang)連,與太(tai)湖(hu)相(xiang)通(tong),構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系網。 (3)氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)(qing)況: 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)屬(shu)(shu)亞熱帶海(hai)(hai)洋性季(ji)(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)。①光照(zhao)充(chong)足(zu)、溫(wen)光協(xie)調(diao):年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時數(shu)1810.3小時,歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)百分(fen)(fen)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)41%,光照(zhao)分(fen)(fen)配較(jiao)均(jun)(jun)勻;②氣(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)和(he)(he)、四季(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)明(ming)(ming):歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)15.6℃,氣(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)變幅在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)± 0.5-0.7℃ 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)氣(qi)溫(wen)極差(cha)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.2℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)無霜期237天(tian),但晝夜溫(wen)差(cha)明(ming)(ming)顯。歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)際(ji)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)氣(qi)溫(wen)變化(hua)(hua)幅度(du)(du)(du)要比(bi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)氣(qi)溫(wen)波動大(da)(da)得(de)多(duo),其中以(yi)(yi)(yi)1月(yue)份氣(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)變差(cha)最(zui)大(da)(da);③長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)毗(pi)鄰太(tai)湖(hu),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)氣(qi)充(chong)沛(pei),相(xiang)對濕度(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da),達(da)78.7%,非常適(shi)宜(yi)優質茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉的(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。④降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)充(chong)沛(pei)、雨熱同季(ji)(ji)(ji):年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)1309mm,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)雨日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)144天(tian),占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)天(tian)數(shu)的(de)(de)39.6%。其中3-9月(yue)是(shi)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)集中期,占(zhan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)雨量(liang)的(de)(de)75%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節(jie)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)特點:夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)多(duo),冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)少,春季(ji)(ji)(ji)多(duo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)秋季(ji)(ji)(ji)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)境內地(di)(di)形的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同,降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)地(di)(di)理分(fen)(fen)布(bu)也存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著明(ming)(ming)顯差(cha)異(yi)。長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)環境優美,大(da)(da)氣(qi)質量(liang)達(da)到國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。 (4)人文(wen)(wen)歷(li)史(shi)情(qing)(qing)況: 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)史(shi)源遠流(liu)長(chang)(chang)(chang),久負盛(sheng)名,是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)祥地(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。早在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1200多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前的(de)(de)唐(tang)代,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸羽在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區多(duo)次(ci)(ci)考察研(yan)究,發(fa)現此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳香甘(gan)冽,冠(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)他境,可(ke)(ke)薦于(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang)”,并以(yi)(yi)(yi)“陽崖(ya)陰林,紫(zi)(zi)者(zhe)上(shang),綠者(zhe)次(ci)(ci),筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)者(zhe)上(shang),芽(ya)者(zhe)次(ci)(ci)”載入(ru)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經(jing)》,取名“紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)”,推薦給皇帝(di)。 紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)被(bei)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)貢品(pin)始于(yu)(yu)(yu)唐(tang)朝廣德年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(公元763--764年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),至今已(yi)(yi)有(you)1247年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。據《新唐(tang)書》等史(shi)料(liao)記(ji)載,唐(tang)代貢茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)廣,包括(kuo)五道十七州部(bu),而顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)著名,乃貴為(wei)(wei)(wei)貢茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)品(pin)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)質超群,深(shen)受(shou)帝(di)王喜愛,有(you)詩云“瓊(qiong)漿玉露不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)及(ji),紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)一(yi)到喜若狂”。因此,貢茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)額(e)連年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)劇增,到唐(tang)武宗會昌(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(公元841--846)貢額(e)達(da)18400斤(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)。被(bei)后人稱謂中國(guo)(guo)貢茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最(zui),中國(guo)(guo)名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源。而且朝廷命將貢額(e)勒石立碑(bei),定名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚貢焙”。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚山(shan)區是(shi)唐(tang)代茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸羽從(cong)(cong)事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)事活動的(de)(de)重要場所之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里他撰寫了(le)《顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚山(shan)記(ji)》和(he)(he)世界第一(yi)部(bu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)學專著《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經(jing)》。歷(li)代文(wen)(wen)人墨客,如顏真卿、白居易、皎然、杜牧、張文(wen)(wen)規(gui)(gui)、陸龜蒙、皮日(ri)(ri)休、劉禹錫、陸游、蘇軾等,常來(lai)品(pin)茗吟詩,抒發(fa)情(qing)(qing)懷,留下(xia)不(bu)(bu)少著述、詩篇和(he)(he)石刻(ke),至今尚留存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)顧(gu)(gu)(gu)渚一(yi)帶唐(tang)朝以(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)的(de)(de)摩(mo)崖(ya)石刻(ke)、石碑(bei)和(he)(he)古(gu)跡還(huan)有(you)三(san)組(zu)九(jiu)(jiu)處之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo),這(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)均(jun)(jun)屬(shu)(shu)罕見,是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)珍(zhen)貴遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)府十分(fen)(fen)重視紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan),1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),經(jing)多(duo)方努力、多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)研(yan)制,試(shi)制并恢復了(le)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)傳承工(gong)藝,2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺(tai)(tai)了(le)“510”工(gong)程發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃,2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺(tai)(tai)了(le)“七大(da)(da)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃”,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“九(jiu)(jiu)大(da)(da)農(nong)作(zuo)物發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃”。對發(fa)展(zhan)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)等特產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)出臺(tai)(tai)了(le)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)扶持政(zheng)策,從(cong)(cong)2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至今,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)已(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)上(shang)共投入(ru)補助資金(jin)3200余萬(wan)元。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)編制了(le)DB33/T 294-2000?《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》省(sheng)級(ji)地(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)《紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)被(bei)批準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)行業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)號為(wei)(wei)(wei)NY/T 784-2004,是(shi)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)首(shou)個地(di)(di)方名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)部(bu)頒行業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。經(jing)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建設,長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)萬(wan)畝紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)基地(di)(di)被(bei)省(sheng)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)“浙(zhe)江省(sheng)優質高(gao)效農(nong)業(ye)(ye)示范基地(di)(di)”;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)縣(xian)(xian)被(bei)評為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)政(zheng)府貢獻(xian)獎(jiang)”。種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)(gui)模從(cong)(cong)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)3.77萬(wan)畝發(fa)展(zhan)至2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)8.43萬(wan)畝,生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)總值由2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)0.72億元發(fa)展(zhan)到2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)4.2億元。成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)縣(xian)(xian)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)調(diao)整、農(nong)民增收、農(nong)村(cun)致富的(de)(de)新興(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),市場發(fa)展(zhan)前景廣闊(kuo)。
三.地域范圍
長(chang)興(xing)紫(zi)筍茶農產品地(di)理標志保護范(fan)圍(wei)包括長(chang)興(xing)縣水口鄉、夾浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、小浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、煤山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、白峴鄉、龍(long)山(shan)街道、雉(zhi)城鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、林(lin)城鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、泗安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、二(er)界(jie)嶺鄉、吳山(shan)鄉、和平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、李家巷鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洪橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)及國(guo)營場站(zhan)等地(di)的(de)天目山(shan)余脈山(shan)區,轄15個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)92個(ge)村(場)。東至(zhi)(zhi)李家巷鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)青草塢村、南(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)和平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)周塢山(shan)村、西至(zhi)(zhi)泗安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)五豐村、北(bei)到夾浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)父子嶺村,地(di)理坐標為北(bei)緯30°43′-31°11′,東經119°33′-120°06′。全縣國(guo)土面(mian)積1430平(ping)方公(gong)里,保護區茶園面(mian)積6600公(gong)頃,產量1000噸。
四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征
(1)外在(zai)(zai)感官特征: 長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)間植于竹林之(zhi)中,葉(xie)(xie)芽(ya)粗壯(zhuang)似筍,精(jing)心加工后,具備:條直(zhi)索緊鋒銳,透(tou)綠(lv)(lv)帶翠顯毫,梗壯(zhuang)芽(ya)肥葉(xie)(xie)厚,規(gui)格(ge)整齊勻稱的(de)外在(zai)(zai)感官特征。 經(jing)專家組(zu)評定,一致(zhi)認為:長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)干(gan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)形似蘭(lan)花(hua),色(se)澤嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv);香氣清高持久,滋味(wei)鮮爽甘醇,湯色(se)清澈明(ming)亮,葉(xie)(xie)底嫩(nen)勻成朵(duo);品(pin)質優異(yi),風(feng)格(ge)獨特。 (2)內在(zai)(zai)品(pin)質指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao): 長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)性(xing)溫和、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)味(wei)甘醇;茶(cha)(cha)(cha)香雋(jun)久、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)質本真;湯色(se)清澈、明(ming)凈光亮;芽(ya)葉(xie)(xie)成朵(duo)、狀(zhuang)若蘭(lan)花(hua);內含豐富、營養優佳的(de)品(pin)質特性(xing)。干(gan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)水分(fen)≤6.5%,水浸出物≥36.0%,粗纖維(wei)(wei)含量≤14.0%,總(zong)(zong)灰(hui)分(fen)≤6.5%。執行NY/T 784-2004《紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)》農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)農(nong)業(ye)行業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。 長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)獨特內含成分(fen):茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚16.5%,兒茶(cha)(cha)(cha)素總(zong)(zong)量14.05%,氨基酸(suan)4.3%,咖啡堿(jian)2.8%,黃酮0.6%,總(zong)(zong)糖4.4%,粗纖維(wei)(wei)8%。 (3)安全要求: 長興(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)衛生(sheng)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)、農(nong)藥殘留(liu)量符合國家有關標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun),執行NY/T288-2002《綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品(pin) 茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)》農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)農(nong)業(ye)行業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。
五.特定生產方式
(1)產地選擇與特殊內容規定。 長興紫筍茶農產品地理標志保護范圍包括水口鄉、夾浦鎮、小浦鎮、煤山鎮、白峴鄉、龍山街道、雉城鎮、林城鎮、泗安鎮、二界嶺鄉、吳山鄉、和平鎮、李家巷鎮、洪橋鎮及國營場站等15個鄉鎮,保護區地處天目山余脈,具備太湖獨特的江南風韻,位于青山綠水之間,常年溪水潺潺,空氣清新,山清水秀、生態優越。同時受太湖水體調節,氣候濕潤,日照充足,無霜期長,四季宜人,非常適宜茶葉的生長。得天獨厚的生態氣候環境條件,造就了長興紫筍茶的優異品質。產地環境質量符合《綠色食品 產地環境技術》(NY/T391-2000)的要求。(2)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選擇(ze)與特定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 選擇(ze)適合(he)本地(di)種(zhong)植環境條件、適宜長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong),目前主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種(zhong)植品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)鳩(jiu)坑(keng)群(qun)體種(zhong)、鳩(jiu)坑(keng)、白(bai)葉(xie)一號(hao)、龍井43、浙農(nong)系(xi)列等(deng)中(zhong)小葉(xie)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹良種(zhong),符(fu)合(he)DB33/ 294.1-2000《長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)1部分(fen)(fen):苗木》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。(3)生產(chan)(chan)過程管理,包(bao)括農(nong)業投(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊使(shi)用(yong)規定(ding)。 紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)(chan)過程必須執行(xing)《紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》部頒行(xing)業標(biao)準和《長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)縣紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)(chan)技術規程》。同時(shi)為(wei)了確(que)保紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)、特色(se),更需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注意以(yi)下幾個生產(chan)(chan)環節(jie):①茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)增施(shi)有機肥:有機肥以(yi)腐(fu)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)餅肥、欄肥為(wei)主,結(jie)合(he)春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)采(cai)后修剪、中(zhong)耕松(song)土時(shi)深施(shi)肥料。②病蟲草害(hai)(hai)防治(zhi):以(yi)“預防為(wei)主,綜合(he)防治(zhi)”為(wei)原(yuan)則,采(cai)用(yong)農(nong)業、物(wu)理、生物(wu)防治(zhi)方(fang)法,降低(di)害(hai)(hai)蟲草危害(hai)(hai)指數;也(ye)可根據害(hai)(hai)蟲種(zhong)類,選用(yong)綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)許(xu)可使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)效低(di)毒無殘留農(nong)藥。③初冬時(shi)節(jie),當茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)停止生長(chang)(chang)后,對茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)用(yong)石硫合(he)劑進(jin)行(xing)封園(yuan)處理,降低(di)病蟲越冬殘留密度,提(ti)高(gao)(gao)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹抗逆(ni)能力(li)。農(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)必須符(fu)合(he)NY/T393-2000《綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)農(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)準則》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。(4)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)收(shou)獲及產(chan)(chan)后處理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。 當茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)長(chang)(chang)到紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)長(chang)(chang)至一芽一葉(xie)初展時(shi),及時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)開采(cai)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)采(cai)摘要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)選擇(ze)在天(tian)氣晴朗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)早(zao)上,鮮(xian)葉(xie)必需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)竹制器(qi)具盛裝,就(jiu)地(di)加(jia)(jia)工(gong),加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企業必須具備QS認證(zheng),加(jia)(jia)工(gong)人(ren)員要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)經過紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)(chan)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)技術培(pei)訓,持證(zheng)上崗(gang),原(yuan)料進(jin)入(ru)(ru)車間后要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)實行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級、攤青(qing),按照標(biao)準要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)攤青(qing)、殺(sha)青(qing)、理條、烘干等(deng)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程。紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)摘加(jia)(jia)工(gong)必須符(fu)合(he)DB33/T 294.3-2000?《長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)3部分(fen)(fen):鮮(xian)葉(xie)與加(jia)(jia)工(gong)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。 按分(fen)(fen)級標(biao)準進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)別加(jia)(jia)工(gong)而成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛(mao)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),再(zai)次按DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)4部分(fen)(fen):商品(pin)(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級、包(bao)裝、入(ru)(ru)庫、銷售,進(jin)入(ru)(ru)流(liu)通(tong)市場(chang)。(5)生產(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全過程,都準確(que)、清晰、工(gong)整、完(wan)全地(di)建立生產(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)檔案,全面記載生產(chan)(chan)情況,并(bing)妥善保存(cun),以(yi)備查閱。
六.包(bao)裝(zhuang)標識相關規(gui)定
長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)的(de)(de)(de)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)必須執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha) 第4部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen):商(shang)品(pin)茶(cha)》標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。(1)分(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji):按(an)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)要(yao)求(qiu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji),共(gong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)特(te)級(ji)(ji)、一級(ji)(ji)、二級(ji)(ji)、三級(ji)(ji)等4個質(zhi)量等級(ji)(ji)。(2)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang):按(an)要(yao)求(qiu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)、標(biao)(biao)(biao)記(ji)。(3)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi):標(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)農(nong)業部(bu)(bu)農(nong)產品(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)全中心(xin)(農(nong)質(zhi)安(an)發(fa)[2008]13號)的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding),標(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人應在(zai)其(qi)產品(pin)或其(qi)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)上統一農(nong)產品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(長(chang)(chang)興紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)名稱(cheng)、公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)圖案和(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)形式)。(4)貯藏:加工后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)必須在(zai)清潔、無異味、避光的(de)(de)(de)專用庫(ku)房中貯藏,配備降溫冷藏設施,長(chang)(chang)期保持庫(ku)房溫度(du)在(zai)5℃以(yi)下(xia),相對濕度(du)50%以(yi)下(xia)。必須符(fu)合(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。(5)運(yun)輸:執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)NY/T1056-2006《綠色食品(pin)貯藏運(yun)輸準(zhun)則》農(nong)業部(bu)(bu)農(nong)業行(xing)(xing)(xing)業標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)和(he)(he)符(fu)合(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)輸要(yao)求(qiu)。