一.產品介紹
長(chang)興(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷史源遠流長(chang),久負盛名,是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)發祥地之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。早在1200多年前的唐代,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣(sheng)陸(lu)羽在長(chang)興(xing)顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區發現此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳香甘冽(lie),冠于他境,可薦于上(shang)”,并(bing)以“陽崖陰林(lin),紫(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)上(shang),綠(lv)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)次,筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)上(shang),芽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)次”載入《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經(jing)》,取名“紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)”,推薦給皇帝。唐代貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分布較廣,包括五道十七州(zhou)部(bu)(bu),而顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最為(wei)著名,乃貴為(wei)貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)品(pin)(pin),有(you)詩云“瓊漿玉露不可及,紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)到喜(xi)若狂”,被后人稱謂中(zhong)國(guo)貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)最,中(zhong)國(guo)名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)源,而且朝廷命將貢(gong)額勒石立碑,定(ding)名為(wei)“顧(gu)(gu)渚(zhu)貢(gong)焙(bei)”。 近年來,長(chang)興(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)連(lian)續被省(sheng)(sheng)農業(ye)廳評為(wei)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)類名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、省(sheng)(sheng)級名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、中(zhong)國(guo)名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、全國(guo)名茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、農業(ye)部(bu)(bu)首屆國(guo)際(ji)農博(bo)會獲名牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)等稱號。并(bing)先后榮(rong)獲中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)際(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)博(bo)覽會金獎、上(shang)海國(guo)際(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)節、浙(zhe)江農業(ye)博(bo)覽會評為(wei)金獎等榮(rong)譽稱號;“紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)”牌(pai)商(shang)標已連(lian)續三次被評為(wei)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)(sheng)著名商(shang)標,“紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)”牌(pai)紫(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)已連(lian)續三次被評為(wei)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)(sheng)名牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌類型多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)樣化(hua),屬(shu)南(nan)京凹陷與江南(nan)古陸的(de)(de)邊緣(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶,屬(shu)天(tian)目(mu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)余(yu)脈,海(hai)(hai)拔高度(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)5-600米(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),最(zui)(zui)高山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)互通山(shan)(shan)(shan),海(hai)(hai)拔577.2米(mi)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型以(yi)砂巖風(feng)化(hua)物為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)黃(huang)泥(ni)砂土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)由(you)棕紅壤(rang)(rang)亞類母質(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)育而(er)(er)來的(de)(de)亞棕黃(huang)筋泥(ni)土(tu)(tu)(tu),質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)--砂壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu);耕層厚度(du)(du)30-40cm;耕層含礫率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10-15%之(zhi)間(jian)(jian);PH值在(zai)(zai)4.5-6.5之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),偏酸性(xing)。有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)達(da)40mg/kg,磷素(su)在(zai)(zai)5-10mg/kg,鉀(jia)素(su)在(zai)(zai)50-60mg/kg。長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)縣西(xi)南(nan)、西(xi)北的(de)(de)低山(shan)(shan)(shan)高丘地(di)(di)(di)(di)區,適宜(yi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang),最(zui)(zui)適生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)海(hai)(hai)拔高度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)100-500米(mi)。 (2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)(wen)情(qing)況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)位于(yu)(yu)浙江省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)北端,地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)蘇、浙、皖三省(sheng)(sheng)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu),東臨(lin)太(tai)湖,屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)太(tai)湖流域,主要(yao)河港(gang)有(you)(you)(you)龍溪港(gang)、泗(si)安(an)港(gang)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)港(gang)、合溪新(xin)港(gang),它們與和(he)平(ping)(ping)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、泗(si)安(an)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、二界(jie)嶺(ling)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、合溪水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫等(deng)(deng)相連(lian),與太(tai)湖相通,構(gou)成全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣水(shui)(shui)(shui)系網。 (3)氣候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)屬(shu)亞熱帶海(hai)(hai)洋性(xing)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)(hou)。①光照(zhao)充足、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)光協調(diao):年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)日照(zhao)時數(shu)1810.3小時,歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)日照(zhao)百分率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)41%,光照(zhao)分配較均(jun)勻(yun);②氣候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)、四季(ji)(ji)分明:歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15.6℃,氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)間(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)幅(fu)在(zai)(zai)± 0.5-0.7℃ 之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)極(ji)差為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1.2℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)無霜期237天(tian),但晝夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差明顯(xian)。歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月際(ji)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)幅(fu)度(du)(du)要(yao)比年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)波動大(da)(da)得多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo),其中以(yi)1月份氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際(ji)變(bian)(bian)差最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da);③長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)毗鄰太(tai)湖,水(shui)(shui)(shui)氣充沛(pei),相對(dui)濕度(du)(du)大(da)(da),達(da)78.7%,非常適宜(yi)優質(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。④降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)充沛(pei)、雨(yu)熱同(tong)(tong)季(ji)(ji):年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)1309mm,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)雨(yu)日為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)144天(tian),占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)天(tian)數(shu)的(de)(de)39.6%。其中3-9月是(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)集中期,占(zhan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)雨(yu)量(liang)的(de)(de)75%以(yi)上(shang)。降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)季(ji)(ji)節分布(bu)(bu)(bu)特點:夏季(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo),冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)少,春季(ji)(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)于(yu)(yu)秋季(ji)(ji)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)境內地(di)(di)(di)(di)形的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)(tong),降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理分布(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著(zhu)明顯(xian)差異。長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)環境優美,大(da)(da)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)國(guo)家一(yi)(yi)級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。 (4)人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)歷(li)史情(qing)況(kuang): 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)史源遠流長(chang)(chang)(chang),久負盛名(ming),是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)發(fa)祥地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。早在(zai)(zai)1200多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前的(de)(de)唐(tang)代,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸羽在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)次考察研(yan)究(jiu),發(fa)現此茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)“芳香甘冽,冠(guan)于(yu)(yu)他(ta)境,可薦(jian)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)”,并(bing)以(yi)“陽崖(ya)陰林,紫(zi)(zi)者(zhe)上(shang),綠(lv)者(zhe)次,筍(sun)(sun)者(zhe)上(shang),芽者(zhe)次”載(zai)入(ru)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經》,取名(ming)“紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)”,推薦(jian)給(gei)皇帝。 紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)被(bei)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)品(pin)始于(yu)(yu)唐(tang)朝(chao)廣德年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(公(gong)元763--764年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),至今(jin)已(yi)有(you)(you)(you)1247年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。據《新(xin)唐(tang)書》等(deng)(deng)史料記載(zai),唐(tang)代貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分布(bu)(bu)(bu)較廣,包括(kuo)五道十七(qi)州部(bu)(bu),而(er)(er)顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)最(zui)(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)著(zhu)名(ming),乃貴(gui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)上(shang)品(pin)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)超群,深受帝王喜(xi)愛,有(you)(you)(you)詩(shi)云“瓊漿玉露不(bu)可及,紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)一(yi)(yi)到(dao)(dao)喜(xi)若狂”。因(yin)此,貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)額連(lian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)劇增,到(dao)(dao)唐(tang)武宗會(hui)昌年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)(公(gong)元841--846)貢(gong)額達(da)18400斤之(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。被(bei)后人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)謂中國(guo)貢(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)最(zui)(zui),中國(guo)名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)源。而(er)(er)且朝(chao)廷命將貢(gong)額勒石(shi)立(li)碑,定(ding)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)貢(gong)焙”。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)代茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)圣陸羽從(cong)事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)事活動的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)場所之(zhi)一(yi)(yi),在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里他(ta)撰(zhuan)寫了(le)(le)《顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)記》和(he)世界(jie)第一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)學專著(zhu)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經》。歷(li)代文(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)墨客,如顏真卿、白居易、皎然、杜(du)牧(mu)、張文(wen)(wen)規(gui)(gui)、陸龜蒙、皮日休、劉(liu)禹(yu)錫、陸游、蘇軾(shi)等(deng)(deng),常來品(pin)茗吟詩(shi),抒發(fa)情(qing)懷(huai),留下不(bu)少著(zhu)述(shu)、詩(shi)篇和(he)石(shi)刻,至今(jin)尚留存(cun)在(zai)(zai)顧(gu)渚(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)帶唐(tang)朝(chao)以(yi)來的(de)(de)摩(mo)崖(ya)石(shi)刻、石(shi)碑和(he)古跡還有(you)(you)(you)三組九處(chu)之(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo),這(zhe)在(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)均(jun)屬(shu)罕見,是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)珍貴(gui)遺產。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)縣委、縣府十分重(zhong)(zhong)視紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),經多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)方(fang)努力、多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi),試制(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)恢復了(le)(le)長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)傳承工(gong)藝(yi),2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺了(le)(le)“510”工(gong)程(cheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃,2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出臺了(le)(le)“七(qi)大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃”,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“九大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)作物發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃”。對(dui)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)等(deng)(deng)特產生(sheng)(sheng)產出臺了(le)(le)相應(ying)的(de)(de)扶持政(zheng)策,從(cong)2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至今(jin),全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣已(yi)在(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)共投入(ru)補助資金3200余(yu)萬(wan)元。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)編制(zhi)(zhi)了(le)(le)DB33/T 294-2000?《長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)《紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)被(bei)批準(zhun)(zhun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)(bu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)號為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)NY/T 784-2004,是(shi)(shi)浙江省(sheng)(sheng)首個地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)部(bu)(bu)頒行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。經多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建設,長(chang)(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)(xing)萬(wan)畝紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)植(zhi)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)被(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“浙江省(sheng)(sheng)優質(zhi)(zhi)高效(xiao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)示范基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)”;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)我縣被(bei)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)政(zheng)府貢(gong)獻獎”。種(zhong)植(zhi)規(gui)(gui)模從(cong)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)3.77萬(wan)畝發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)至2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)8.43萬(wan)畝,生(sheng)(sheng)產總值由(you)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)0.72億元發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)4.2億元。成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我縣農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)調(diao)整、農(nong)(nong)民增收、農(nong)(nong)村致(zhi)富的(de)(de)新(xin)興(xing)(xing)(xing)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),市場發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)前景廣闊。
三.地域范圍
長(chang)興紫筍茶農產品(pin)地(di)理標志保(bao)(bao)護范圍包括長(chang)興縣水口(kou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、夾浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、小浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、煤山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白峴鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、龍山(shan)街道(dao)、雉城鎮(zhen)(zhen)、林城鎮(zhen)(zhen)、泗(si)安(an)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、二界嶺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、吳山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、和平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、李(li)家巷鎮(zhen)(zhen)、洪橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)及(ji)國營場(chang)站等地(di)的(de)(de)天目(mu)山(shan)余(yu)脈山(shan)區(qu),轄(xia)15個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)92個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(場(chang))。東至李(li)家巷鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)青草(cao)塢(wu)村(cun)(cun)、南至和平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)周塢(wu)山(shan)村(cun)(cun)、西(xi)至泗(si)安(an)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)五豐村(cun)(cun)、北(bei)到(dao)夾浦(pu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)父子嶺村(cun)(cun),地(di)理坐(zuo)標為北(bei)緯30°43′-31°11′,東經119°33′-120°06′。全縣國土(tu)面積1430平(ping)方(fang)公里,保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)茶園(yuan)面積6600公頃,產量1000噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)(te)性特(te)(te)征
(1)外(wai)在(zai)感官特(te)征(zheng): 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)間植于竹林之中,葉(xie)芽粗(cu)壯似筍,精心加工(gong)后,具(ju)備:條直索緊鋒銳,透綠(lv)(lv)帶翠顯毫,梗壯芽肥葉(xie)厚,規格整齊勻稱(cheng)的(de)外(wai)在(zai)感官特(te)征(zheng)。 經專家組評定,一致(zhi)認(ren)為:長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)形似蘭花,色澤(ze)嫩綠(lv)(lv);香氣清高持久(jiu),滋味鮮爽甘醇(chun),湯(tang)色清澈明亮,葉(xie)底(di)嫩勻成朵(duo);品質(zhi)(zhi)優異,風格獨(du)特(te)。 (2)內在(zai)品質(zhi)(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao): 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)性溫和、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)味甘醇(chun);茶(cha)(cha)(cha)香雋久(jiu)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)質(zhi)(zhi)本真;湯(tang)色清澈、明凈光亮;芽葉(xie)成朵(duo)、狀若蘭花;內含(han)豐富、營養優佳(jia)的(de)品質(zhi)(zhi)特(te)性。干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)水分(fen)(fen)≤6.5%,水浸出物≥36.0%,粗(cu)纖(xian)維(wei)含(han)量(liang)≤14.0%,總(zong)(zong)灰分(fen)(fen)≤6.5%。執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T 784-2004《紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)》農(nong)(nong)業部農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)業標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)獨(du)特(te)內含(han)成分(fen)(fen):茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚16.5%,兒(er)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)素總(zong)(zong)量(liang)14.05%,氨基酸4.3%,咖啡堿2.8%,黃酮0.6%,總(zong)(zong)糖4.4%,粗(cu)纖(xian)維(wei)8%。 (3)安全要求(qiu): 長(chang)(chang)興(xing)(xing)紫筍茶(cha)(cha)(cha)衛生指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)、農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)留量(liang)符合國家有關標(biao)(biao)準(zhun),執(zhi)行(xing)NY/T288-2002《綠(lv)(lv)色食(shi)品 茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)》農(nong)(nong)業部農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)業標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。
五.特定生(sheng)產(chan)方式
(1)產地選擇與特殊內容規定。 長興紫筍茶農產品地理標志保護范圍包括水口鄉、夾浦鎮、小浦鎮、煤山鎮、白峴鄉、龍山街道、雉城鎮、林城鎮、泗安鎮、二界嶺鄉、吳山鄉、和平鎮、李家巷鎮、洪橋鎮及國營場站等15個鄉鎮,保護區地處天目山余脈,具備太湖獨特的江南風韻,位于青山綠水之間,常年溪水潺潺,空氣清新,山清水秀、生態優越。同時受太湖水體調節,氣候濕潤,日照充足,無霜期長,四季宜人,非常適宜茶葉的生長。得天獨厚的生態氣候環境條件,造就了長興紫筍茶的優異品質。產地環境質量符合《綠色食品 產地環境技術》(NY/T391-2000)的要求。(2)品種(zhong)選擇(ze)與(yu)特定(ding)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 選擇(ze)適合(he)(he)本(ben)地種(zhong)植環境條件、適宜長興紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加工工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)品種(zhong),目前主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)種(zhong)植品種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)鳩坑群體種(zhong)、鳩坑、白葉(xie)一號(hao)、龍井43、浙(zhe)農(nong)(nong)系列等中(zhong)小葉(xie)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)良種(zhong),符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)DB33/ 294.1-2000《長興紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)(di)1部(bu)分:苗木》的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。(3)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管理(li)(li),包括農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)投入品方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)使(shi)用(yong)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。 紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程必(bi)(bi)(bi)須執行《紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》部(bu)頒行業(ye)(ye)標(biao)準和《長興縣紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術規(gui)(gui)程》。同時(shi)為(wei)(wei)了確保紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)品質(zhi)、特色,更需(xu)要(yao)(yao)注意以(yi)下幾個生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環節:①茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園增(zeng)施有機(ji)肥(fei):有機(ji)肥(fei)以(yi)腐熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)餅肥(fei)、欄肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),結(jie)合(he)(he)春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)修剪、中(zhong)耕松土(tu)時(shi)深施肥(fei)料。②病蟲草害(hai)(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):以(yi)“預防(fang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),綜合(he)(he)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”為(wei)(wei)原則(ze),采(cai)(cai)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)、物(wu)理(li)(li)、生(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)法(fa),降低害(hai)(hai)蟲草危害(hai)(hai)指數;也可根據害(hai)(hai)蟲種(zhong)類(lei),選用(yong)綠(lv)色食品許可使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高效(xiao)低毒(du)無殘留農(nong)(nong)藥。③初(chu)(chu)冬時(shi)節,當(dang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)停止生(sheng)長后(hou),對茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園用(yong)石(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑進行封(feng)園處理(li)(li),降低病蟲越冬殘留密度,提高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)抗逆能力。農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)NY/T393-2000《綠(lv)色食品農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)準則(ze)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。(4)產(chan)(chan)品收獲(huo)及產(chan)(chan)后(hou)處理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。 當(dang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)長到紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)長至一芽一葉(xie)初(chu)(chu)展時(shi),及時(shi)進行開采(cai)(cai)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)采(cai)(cai)摘要(yao)(yao)選擇(ze)在(zai)天(tian)氣晴朗的(de)(de)(de)(de)早上(shang),鮮葉(xie)必(bi)(bi)(bi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)竹(zhu)制器具(ju)盛裝,就地加工,加工企業(ye)(ye)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須具(ju)備(bei)QS認證,加工人員要(yao)(yao)經過紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加工技術培訓,持(chi)證上(shang)崗,原料進入車間后(hou)要(yao)(yao)實(shi)行分級、攤青(qing),按(an)照(zhao)標(biao)準要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進行攤青(qing)、殺青(qing)、理(li)(li)條、烘干(gan)等紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加工工藝流(liu)程。紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)品采(cai)(cai)摘加工必(bi)(bi)(bi)須符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)DB33/T 294.3-2000?《長興紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)(di)3部(bu)分:鮮葉(xie)與(yu)加工》的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)。 按(an)分級標(biao)準進行分別加工而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),再次按(an)DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長興紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha) 第(di)(di)4部(bu)分:商品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進行分級、包裝、入庫、銷(xiao)售,進入流(liu)通市(shi)場。(5)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 長興紫(zi)(zi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全過程,都準確、清晰、工整、完全地建立生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄檔案,全面記載(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)情況(kuang),并(bing)妥善保存,以(yi)備(bei)查閱。
六(liu).包(bao)裝標識相關規定
長興(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)的包裝標(biao)(biao)(biao)識必(bi)須執行(xing)(xing)DB33/T 294.4-2000?《長興(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha) 第(di)4部(bu)分(fen):商(shang)品茶(cha)(cha)》標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。(1)分(fen)級(ji):按標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)要求(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)級(ji),共分(fen)為特級(ji)、一(yi)級(ji)、二級(ji)、三級(ji)等(deng)4個質量等(deng)級(ji)。(2)包裝:按要求(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)級(ji)包裝、標(biao)(biao)(biao)記。(3)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識:標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用執行(xing)(xing)農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)農(nong)產品質量安全中心(xin)(農(nong)質安發(fa)[2008]13號)的規(gui)定,標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用人應在(zai)其產品或其包裝上(shang)統(tong)一(yi)農(nong)產品地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(長興(xing)紫(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)名稱、公共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識圖案和(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)注形式)。(4)貯(zhu)藏:加工后的商(shang)品紫(zi)筍(sun)茶(cha)(cha)必(bi)須在(zai)清(qing)潔、無異(yi)味(wei)、避光的專(zhuan)用庫(ku)房中貯(zhu)藏,配備降溫冷藏設施,長期保持庫(ku)房溫度在(zai)5℃以下(xia),相對(dui)濕度50%以下(xia)。必(bi)須符合(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的要求(qiu)(qiu)。(5)運(yun)(yun)輸:執行(xing)(xing)NY/T1056-2006《綠色食品貯(zhu)藏運(yun)(yun)輸準(zhun)則》農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)農(nong)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)和(he)符合(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的運(yun)(yun)輸要求(qiu)(qiu)。