"房縣(xian)香菇(gu)(gu)"(產(chan)(chan)于湖北省(sheng)房縣(xian),中國地理標志產(chan)(chan)品(農產(chan)(chan)品地理標志)。房縣(xian)在(zai)一千年前就有香菇(gu)(gu)生產(chan)(chan),歷有"香菇(gu)(gu)山珍"之(zhi)(zhi)稱。長久以(yi)(yi)來,房縣(xian)香菇(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)清香可口(kou)、味道鮮美(mei)而(er)聞(wen)名于世,是中外名菜不可缺少的佐味佳(jia)品,被(bei)營養(yang)學家冠以(yi)(yi)"菌星"、"菇(gu)(gu)中之(zhi)(zhi)王"、"素菜之(zhi)(zhi)葷"、"營養(yang)元素之(zhi)(zhi)寶(bao)庫(ku)"等(deng)美(mei)譽。遠在(zai)美(mei)國加州,就有中餐館以(yi)(yi)"中國房縣(xian)小花菇(gu)(gu)"的招牌吸(xi)引(yin)食(shi)客。
產地環境
房(fang)(fang)縣位于鄂西北、大(da)巴山(shan)(shan)和(he)武當(dang)山(shan)(shan)之間。地(di)(di)理坐標為東(dong)經l1O°O2'~111°15',北緯31°34'~32°31'。地(di)(di)勢西高(gao)(gao)東(dong)低、南陡北緩(huan)、四(si)周(zhou)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)環繞,由兩側分向中(zhong)部傾斜(xie),略成盆地(di)(di)。全(quan)縣海(hai)拔180~2485.6米,地(di)(di)形復雜,高(gao)(gao)差懸殊,日(ri)照時數在(zai)1700~2000小時之間,平均每天日(ri)照5.1小時,平均日(ri)照率為42%;全(quan)縣平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)10~15℃,積端最(zui)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)40.4℃,極端最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-17.6℃,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差在(zai)24℃左右,低山(shan)(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)大(da),高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)小,大(da)體與氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一致(zhi),地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一般高(gao)(gao)于當(dang)地(di)(di)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)約2℃左右。房(fang)(fang)縣香菇屬于中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)型菌(jun)類,菌(jun)絲在(zai)15~36℃之間均能(neng)生(sheng)長,在(zai)22~32℃生(sheng)長,6~14℃能(neng)緩(huan)慢生(sheng)長。房(fang)(fang)縣香菇對低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)有很(hen)強的抵抗力,房(fang)(fang)縣氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)范圍有利于菌(jun)絲的存活和(he)生(sheng)長發(fa)育。
品質特點
外在品質
房(fang)縣香菇菇形緊(jin)湊,形狀(zhuang)有半球(qiu)型(xing)(xing)、扁半球(qiu)型(xing)(xing)、傘型(xing)(xing)或扁平(ping)型(xing)(xing),銅鑼(luo)邊,菌柄較(jiao)短,菌褶金黃,花菇菌蓋(gai)略呈(cheng)褐色(se)、花紋(wen)明顯色(se)白(bai),如(ru)龜裂(lie),厚菇、薄(bo)菇菌蓋(gai)呈(cheng)褐色(se)或淡褐色(se)。
內在品質
突(tu)出表(biao)現在(zai)"兩(liang)高(gao)(gao)"、"兩(liang)少":"兩(liang)高(gao)(gao)"即營(ying)養(yang)成分高(gao)(gao),藥用價值高(gao)(gao),各種營(ying)養(yang)成分含(han)量均高(gao)(gao)于國家標準,富含(han)多種核酸(suan)類物質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)維生素,對(dui)小兒佝僂病(bing)、成人心臟病(bing)、貧血、抗癌等病(bing)有食(shi)療作用;"兩(liang)少"即雜(za)質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量少,有害物質(zhi)(zhi)少。
品質特征
子(zi)實體發育厚、質優、香氣馥郁、口(kou)感潤(run)滑、風味獨(du)特。色澤(ze)好、外觀美、清香滑膩、質地純正,營養豐(feng)富"。