勞動合(he)同有什么用？勞動合(he)同簽訂要注意(yi)什么？

勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)是(shi)(shi)產生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)關系的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)事實，是(shi)(shi)建立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關系的(de)(de)基本形(xing)式。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者同(tong)用(yong)(yong)人單位訂(ding)立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)，對于保障勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)益，合(he)理使用(yong)(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)力，增強(qiang)企業活力，發揮(hui)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者的(de)(de)積極性和創造性，提(ti)高(gao)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)生產率，促進社(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)現代(dai)化建設(she)，都有重要的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)要表現在以(yi)下幾方面(mian)：

(1)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者實(shi)現(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權的(de)(de)(de)重要保(bao)障(zhang)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者獲(huo)得(de)職業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)權利(li)。它是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者生存的(de)(de)(de)權利(li)。我國(guo)憲法規(gui)定(ding)：“中華人民共和(he)國(guo)公民有勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)權利(li)和(he)義務。”國(guo)家通(tong)過憲法和(he)法律保(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者實(shi)現(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)是保(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者實(shi)現(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權的(de)(de)(de)法律形式。它可以將國(guo)家規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)客觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權變為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者的(de)(de)(de)主觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者訂立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)，意味著勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者在合同(tong)期限內獲(huo)得(de)有保(bao)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)工作，用人單位不得(de)無故(gu)解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)。國(guo)家通(tong)過促進(jin)經濟和(he)社會發展(zhan)，創造就業(ye)條(tiao)件，擴大就業(ye)機會，保(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者實(shi)現(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)權。

(2)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)是用人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)合(he)(he)理使用勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力、鞏(gong)固(gu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀(ji)(ji)律(lv)、提(ti)高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段(duan)。用人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)可以根據(ju)生(sheng)產(chan)經營或工作(zuo)需(xu)要(yao)確定(ding)招(zhao)收錄用勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)時間、條件、方式(shi)和數量(liang)，并且通過與勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)簽訂不同(tong)類型、不同(tong)期限的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，發揮(hui)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)專長，做到人(ren)盡其才，合(he)(he)理使用勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力。用人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)享有依(yi)法訂立、變更、解除、終止勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)主權，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)能進能出，可以促進勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力流動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，優化勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力資源配置。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)規(gui)定(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)必須遵守其所在單(dan)(dan)位(wei)內部(bu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規(gui)則和其他規(gui)章(zhang)制(zhi)度(du)，有利于(yu)鞏(gong)固(gu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀(ji)(ji)律(lv)。簽訂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)之一是為了提(ti)高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)(lv)。只要(yao)用人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)認(ren)真履行(xing)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，就能調動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)廣大勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)積極(ji)性，促進勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高。

(3)勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)是(shi)減少(shao)(shao)和防(fang)止發(fa)生勞動(dong)爭議(yi)的重要措施。在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)社會(hui)主義制度下，勞動(dong)者同(tong)用人(ren)單位的根(gen)本利益是(shi)一(yi)致的，但是(shi)由于(yu)種種原因也會(hui)產生矛盾，發(fa)生勞動(dong)爭議(yi)。簽訂勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)，明確規定當事人(ren)雙方的權利和義務，有助于(yu)提高雙方履行合(he)同(tong)的自覺性，促使他們正確地行使權利，嚴格地履行義務。這樣，就可以減少(shao)(shao)和防(fang)止發(fa)生勞動(dong)爭議(yi)。

普通員工簽訂注意事項

一、勞動合同簽訂的(de)時間

自用工(gong)之日(ri)起(qi)一(yi)個月內訂立(li)書面勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同即(ji)可。否則用人(ren)單(dan)位須(xu)向勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者支付雙倍工(gong)資。自用工(gong)之日(ri)起(qi)超過一(yi)年未與勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者簽(qian)訂書面勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同的，視為雙方已經(jing)形成(cheng)無固定(ding)期(qi)限勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同。

二、勞動合同的期限

勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有三種(zhong)：有固(gu)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)、無固(gu)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)和以完(wan)成(cheng)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作為(wei)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。所以用(yong)(yong)人單位與勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)在簽訂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時要根據(ju)雙(shuang)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求來(lai)協商確(que)定(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，如果有約定(ding)(ding)試(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)，試(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)是(shi)包含(han)在勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)，若勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)僅約定(ding)(ding)試(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)不成(cheng)立，該期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。并且(qie)以完(wan)成(cheng)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作為(wei)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)或者(zhe)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不滿3個月的(de)(de)(de)(de)，依照(zhao)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)法規定(ding)(ding)該情形不得約定(ding)(ding)試(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)。

三、對非(fei)全日制用工要(yao)特(te)別(bie)注意

1、非全日制勞動(dong)者(zhe)在同一(yi)用人(ren)單位一(yi)般平均(jun)每日工(gong)(gong)作時間(jian)不超(chao)過4小時。每周工(gong)(gong)作時間(jian)累計(ji)不超(chao)過24小時。

2、非全(quan)日制用工不(bu)得約定(ding)試(shi)用期。

3、非(fei)全日制用工小時(shi)計(ji)酬標準不得低于最低小時(shi)工資標準。

4、非全日(ri)制用工勞動(dong)報酬結算支付周期(qi)最長不得超過15日(ri)。

5、用人單位必(bi)須為勞動者繳(jiao)納工傷(shang)保險，否(fou)則(ze)發生工傷(shang)事故則(ze)要(yao)承擔相關責任。

高級管理人員簽訂注意事項

一、聘(pin)任和解聘(pin)的問題

對(dui)于(yu)高(gao)級管(guan)理人員的(de)聘任和(he)解聘不同(tong)于(yu)一般的(de)勞動(dong)者(zhe)，他主要(yao)是由(you)《公(gong)司法》等法律(lv)專(zhuan)門規(gui)定的(de)，如依照公(gong)司法規(gui)定未經用(yong)人單(dan)位董(dong)事會(hui)的(de)決議，用(yong)人單(dan)位是無權(quan)直接聘任或解聘高(gao)級管(guan)理人員的(de)。所以(yi)在簽訂勞動(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)時(shi)要(yao)規(gui)定明(ming)確，以(yi)便和(he)普通員工的(de)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)區別開(kai)來。

二、加班費問題

對于(yu)高(gao)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)理人(ren)員來說，其工作性質是與普通勞(lao)動者不同(tong)的。在(zai)實(shi)務中，經(jing)常會有公司的高(gao)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)理人(ren)員離職以(yi)后(hou)，向公司要求給付(fu)加班費(fei)的問(wen)題，所以(yi)用人(ren)單位在(zai)簽訂(ding)勞(lao)動合同(tong)時應(ying)注意解決(jue)這個問(wen)題。

三、保密條款

由于高級管理(li)(li)人員會接觸到用人單(dan)位的商(shang)業(ye)(ye)秘密，所以為了防(fang)止高級管理(li)(li)人員將(jiang)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)秘密泄露給他人損害(hai)用人單(dan)位的利益，就需要在勞動合同中增加(jia)保(bao)密條款，并且對違反保(bao)密條款時應承擔的責任(ren)做好約定。

四、競業限制條款

競業(ye)限制(zhi)是用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位對勞動(dong)者在(zai)用(yong)工時或終止、解(jie)除勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)后(hou)的(de)一定期(qi)限內(nei)不得經(jing)營(ying)同(tong)類業(ye)務或在(zai)與(yu)本單(dan)(dan)位有競爭關系的(de)其他用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位任職(zhi)，也不得自(zi)己(ji)生產與(yu)原單(dan)(dan)位有競爭關系的(de)同(tong)類產品或經(jing)營(ying)同(tong)類業(ye)務。為了更好的(de)保護用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)位的(de)利益，在(zai)與(yu)高(gao)級管理(li)人(ren)員簽訂的(de)勞動(dong)合(he)同(tong)中根據實際(ji)情況添加競業(ye)限制(zhi)條款。