天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di),全稱上(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)品(pin)九炁賜福(fu)天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)曜靈元(yuan)(yuan)陽大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)紫(zi)微帝(di)(di)(di)(di)君,亦(yi)稱為(wei)天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)、紫(zi)微大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、元(yuan)(yuan)陽大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、上(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)品(pin)賜福(fu)天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)紫(zi)微大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。上(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)是道教中三官(guan)(guan)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之一(yi)(yi),由青、黃、白三氣凝結而成,掌(zhang)管諸天(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)王、上(shang)圣大(da)神(shen)。農歷正月(yue)十五日是天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)的誕(dan)辰,民間(jian)稱這一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)為(wei)上(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)節,民間(jian)在這一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)舉行祈福(fu)法事,希冀能集福(fu)消災,并(bing)有吃(chi)元(yuan)(yuan)宵、看(kan)花(hua)燈、猜燈謎等習(xi)俗(su)。
帝中(zhong)(zhong)國民間一般這時常供奉“天官賜福”的年畫(hua)(hua),畫(hua)(hua)著慈(ci)祥和(he)氣的天官抱著如(ru)意(yi)(yi),五個童子(zi)各(ge)捧吉祥物圍繞在他(ta)身(shen)旁(pang),或者天官抱著五個童子(zi),童子(zi)手(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)分別捧著石榴、仙(xian)桃、佛手(shou)、梅(mei)花和(he)吉慶花燈。圖畫(hua)(hua)寓意(yi)(yi)福星(xing)高照、吉祥富(fu)貴。也(ye)有(you)把天官畫(hua)(hua)成身(shen)穿大紅袍(pao)的一品官員,手(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)拿著展開的“天官賜福”誥命(ming),上面有(you)蝙蝠從天飛來,意(yi)(yi)指上天降福人間。一般天官賜福畫(hua)(hua)像可掛在大門上、窗上、書(shu)桌前(qian)或者汽車(che)駕駛(shi)室內,除邪氣、怯(qie)災禍(huo)、防病(bing)傷。
每(mei)逢正月(yue)十五日,上元天官即下人間,校定人之(zhi)罪福。
天官象征著多福(fu)多壽。拜上元天官可祈求一年順利、平安(an)、健康、升官、發財、家庭和睦幸福、福運長久,賜福消災。
不(bu)建議求子(zi)、求姻(yin)緣,與上(shang)述不(bu)相符的事項。
心(xin)存(cun)恭(gong)敬,身(shen)心(xin)清凈,做(zuo)好人(ren),存(cun)好心(xin)。
MAIGOO小編特別提醒您:有條件的可(ke)以(yi)每年正(zheng)月十五日(ri)(天官賜福日(ri))進(jin)廟燒香(xiang)奉祀(si),或建黃(huang)箓齋(zhai)(zhai)、三元齋(zhai)(zhai)等道場(chang)拜天官,祈求一年順利、平安、健康、升官、發財、幸福、消災。最好的上香時間是上午7點—11點,其次是11點—15點,15點之后就不要再去上香了。
在(zai)中國的(de)傳(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)化中,天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)與是玉(yu)(yu)帝相通(tong)的(de),負責把民(min)間(jian)(jian)的(de)信息匯報(bao)給玉(yu)(yu)帝。因而天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)作為(wei)一(yi)個溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)人(ren)間(jian)(jian)與天(tian)(tian)(tian)庭的(de)橋(qiao)梁,是一(yi)個極為(wei)重要(yao)的(de)傳(chuan)達與開路神。所以(yi),天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)除了(le)每年正月十五(wu)下凡人(ren)間(jian)(jian)對人(ren)之罪福(fu)進行總體校定外(wai),平時(shi)每戶(hu)人(ren)家有信息要(yao)傳(chuan)達于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian),如(ru)做(zuo)了(le)好事希望(wang)上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)察(cha)知(zhi)降(jiang)福(fu)或做(zuo)了(le)壞事虔(qian)誠懺(chan)悔以(yi)求免(mian)于(yu)責罰,都(dou)(dou)可(ke)用祭拜(bai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)形式來打通(tong)溝(gou)(gou)通(tong)的(de)途徑(jing),通(tong)過(guo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)級級向上(shang)匯報(bao),最后告知(zhi)玉(yu)(yu)帝。正是因為(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)校定、通(tong)報(bao)人(ren)間(jian)(jian)罪福(fu)這(zhe)一(yi)司(si)職,古時(shi)民(min)間(jian)(jian)每家每戶(hu)必定都(dou)(dou)會供(gong)奉天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan),希望(wang)借敬(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)(guan)而求得福(fu)音(yin)。
東漢的道教人(ren)士認(ren)為(wei)(wei):天(tian)之(zhi)氣(qi)主生,故天(tian)官(guan)管(guan)“賜福(fu)”;地(di)之(zhi)氣(qi)主成,故地(di)官(guan)管(guan)“赦罪(zui)”;水(shui)(shui)之(zhi)氣(qi)主化,故水(shui)(shui)官(guan)管(guan)“解厄”。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)三(san)官(guan)主管(guan)人(ren)的禍福(fu)榮辱,所以民間對三(san)官(guan)深為(wei)(wei)信奉。據《道藏》所記,東漢初流傳(chuan)著(zhu)(zhu)一種為(wei)(wei)人(ren)治(zhi)病的方法叫“三(san)官(guan)手書(shu)(shu)”,即書(shu)(shu)紙三(san)張(zhang)(zhang),上(shang)面寫著(zhu)(zhu)病者姓名與服罪(zui)之(zhi)意(yi)。一張(zhang)(zhang)壓在山(shan)頂取達于天(tian)之(zhi)意(yi),一張(zhang)(zhang)埋于地(di),一張(zhang)(zhang)沉于水(shui)(shui),為(wei)(wei)病者請(qing)禱三(san)官(guan)。而(er)歷(li)史上(shang),武則天(tian)也曾(ceng)用此法祈(qi)求(qiu)“三(san)官(guan)九府”為(wei)(wei)自己(ji)免罪(zui)降福(fu),在河南嵩山(shan)峰(feng)頂石(shi)縫中發(fa)現的一塊(kuai)金簡便是其(qi)中的一張(zhang)(zhang)紙。
志心(xin)皈命禮。玄都元陽紫微宮中(zhong)。部三十六(liu)曹。偕九千萬眾。考校大(da)千世(shi)界之(zhi)內。錄籍十方國土之(zhi)中(zhong)。福被萬靈。主眾生善惡之(zhi)籍。恩(en)覃三界。致諸(zhu)仙升降之(zhi)私。除無(wu)妄(wang)之(zhi)災。解釋宿殃(yang)。脫生死之(zhi)趣。救拔幽苦。群生是賴。蠢(chun)動咸康。大(da)悲大(da)愿(yuan)。大(da)圣大(da)慈(ci)。上(shang)元九炁(qi)賜福天官。曜靈元陽大(da)帝紫微帝君。
志心皈(gui)命禮。惟三圣人。乃一(yi)太極(ji)。普受浩劫家(jia)之命。鼎膺無量品(pin)(pin)之褒(bao)。紫(zi)微清虛洞陰。總領功過。賜(si)福赦罪解厄。普濟存亡。道冠諸天(tian)。恩覃(tan)三界(jie)。大(da)(da)(da)悲(bei)大(da)(da)(da)愿。大(da)(da)(da)圣大(da)(da)(da)慈。三元三品(pin)(pin)三官(guan)大(da)(da)(da)帝。三宮九府應(ying)感天(tian)尊。
三官大帝:也稱“三元大帝”“三官帝君”,民間則親切地稱之為三官老爺、三界公等。他們是掌管天(tian)(tian)、地(di)、水三界的(de)(de)神靈,分別是上元(yuan)賜福天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)紫微大帝(di)、中(zhong)元(yuan)赦罪地(di)官(guan)(guan)清虛大帝(di)、下元(yuan)解厄水官(guan)(guan)洞陰大帝(di),也稱天(tian)(tian)官(guan)(guan)、地(di)官(guan)(guan)和水官(guan)(guan),為道教(jiao)較早供祀的(de)(de)神靈。天地水(shui)三官以正月十(shi)五日、七月十(shi)五日和十(shi)月十(shi)五日為神誕之日,道教徒都(dou)進廟燒香奉祀,或(huo)建黃箓齋、三元(yuan)齋等(deng)道場,以祈福消災(zai)。