一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一(yi)(yi)般(ban)認(ren)為，陶瓷是良好的絕緣(yuan)體(ti)，它(ta)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)不導(dao)(dao)電，因為原子(zi)的外層(ceng)電子(zi)通常受(shou)到原子(zi)核的吸引力，被(bei)束縛在各自原子(zi)的周圍，不能自由運動，不過(guo)電子(zi)陶瓷具有極為寬廣(guang)的電氣特性，從一(yi)(yi)般(ban)的絕緣(yuan)體(ti)，到半(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)，導(dao)(dao)體(ti)、甚至超導(dao)(dao)體(ti)，都(dou)有不同(tong)的電子(zi)陶瓷產(chan)品。

電子陶瓷的種類眾多，其中(zhong)絕緣陶瓷裝置瓷和介電陶瓷是絕緣體(ti)，半導體(ti)陶瓷是半導體(ti)，離(li)子陶瓷是導體(ti)，還有(you)一(yi)種超導陶瓷屬于超導體(ti)。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一(yi)般是(shi)通過(guo)一(yi)定的工藝處理，使其具有導電功能的。

某些氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷加(jia)熱(re)時(shi)，處于原子(zi)外層的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)可以(yi)獲得足夠(gou)的(de)(de)能量，以(yi)便克(ke)服(fu)原子(zi)核對它的(de)(de)吸引力，而成為(wei)可以(yi)自由運動的(de)(de)自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，這(zhe)種陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷就變成導電(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)瓷。

一(yi)般當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通過材(cai)料時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)可以有兩(liang)種方式通過晶格運(yun)動(dong)來完成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷輸運(yun)過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)脫(tuo)離(li)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)成(cheng)為自由(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)，在晶格中運(yun)動(dong)，形成(cheng)所謂(wei)(wei)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)與原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)核一(yi)起移(yi)動(dong)產生所謂(wei)(wei)的離(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對金屬來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是其導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的主要方式，相比(bi)之下，離(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎可忽略(lve)不計；但對于導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)來說，由(you)(you)于離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)活(huo)化能比(bi)較(jiao)低(di)（一(yi)般在0.5eV以下），離(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已(yi)不容(rong)忽視(shi)，是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)的主要導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式。