一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一般(ban)認為(wei)，陶瓷是良好的(de)絕(jue)緣體(ti)，它一般(ban)不(bu)(bu)導(dao)電(dian)，因為(wei)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)外(wai)層電(dian)子(zi)(zi)通(tong)常(chang)受到原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)核(he)的(de)吸引力，被(bei)束縛(fu)在各(ge)自(zi)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)周圍，不(bu)(bu)能自(zi)由(you)運(yun)動，不(bu)(bu)過電(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶瓷具有極為(wei)寬廣(guang)的(de)電(dian)氣特性，從一般(ban)的(de)絕(jue)緣體(ti)，到半導(dao)體(ti)，導(dao)體(ti)、甚至超導(dao)體(ti)，都有不(bu)(bu)同的(de)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶瓷產品。

電(dian)子陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)的種類眾(zhong)多(duo)，其中絕緣陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)裝置瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)和介電(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)是絕緣體，半(ban)導體陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)是半(ban)導體，離子陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)是導體，還有一種超(chao)導陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)屬于超(chao)導體。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般是通過一定的工藝(yi)處理(li)，使其具有導電功(gong)能的。

某(mou)些(xie)氧化物(wu)陶瓷(ci)(ci)加熱時，處于原(yuan)子(zi)外層(ceng)的電子(zi)可以獲得足夠的能量，以便克服(fu)原(yuan)子(zi)核對(dui)它的吸引力，而(er)成為可以自由運動的自由電子(zi)，這種陶瓷(ci)(ci)就變成導電陶瓷(ci)(ci)。

一般當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)過材料時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)可以有兩種方式(shi)通(tong)過晶格(ge)運動來(lai)完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷輸運過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)脫離(li)原(yuan)子(zi)成為自由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，在晶格(ge)中運動，形成所謂的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)與原(yuan)子(zi)核一起移動產生所謂的(de)離(li)子(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對(dui)金屬來(lai)說(shuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是其導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)主要方式(shi)，相比之下，離(li)子(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎可忽略不計；但對(dui)于(yu)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)陶(tao)瓷來(lai)說(shuo)，由(you)于(yu)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)活化能比較低(di)（一般在0.5eV以下），離(li)子(zi)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已不容忽視(shi)，是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)陶(tao)瓷的(de)主要導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)。