瓷胎竹編,工藝品,又稱(細絲工藝品)、瓷胎竹編,是成都地區獨特的傳統手工藝品,也是四川特(te)(te)產的(de)(de)一種,起(qi)源于(yu)清代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)葉,當時(shi)主要用做貢品。由于(yu)世道艱辛,技(ji)藝幾經絕傳,五(wu)十年代(dai)(dai)經重(zhong)新發掘(jue)、恢復生產。瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)(zhu)編產品技(ji)藝獨特(te)(te),以精細見(jian)長,具有(you)"精選料、特(te)(te)細絲、緊貼胎(tai)、密(mi)藏頭、五(wu)彩圖"的(de)(de)技(ji)藝特(te)(te)色。瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)(zhu)編產品只有(you)四川(chuan)生產,以其紀念(nian)(nian)性、地方性成為中(zhong)外賓客優選的(de)(de)旅游紀念(nian)(nian)品。2008年入(ru)選第一批國家(jia)級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺產擴展項目名錄。
瓷(ci)胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)主(zhu)要產(chan)地在(zai)四川(chuan),瓷(ci)胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)品(pin)是成都地區的地方獨(du)(du)特手工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)品(pin),起源(yuan)于(yu)清代中(zhong)葉,當時(shi)主(zhu)要用做(zuo)貢(gong)品(pin)。瓷(ci)胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)(zhu)編(bian)產(chan)品(pin)技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)獨(du)(du)特,以精細(xi)見長,具有(you)"精選料、特細(xi)絲、緊貼胎(tai)(tai)、密藏頭、五彩圖"的技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)特色。而由于(yu)世道艱(jian)辛,技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)幾經絕傳,五十年代經重新發掘、恢復生產(chan)。
瓷胎竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編工藝使用(yong)(yong)的竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材是經過(guo)嚴(yan)格(ge)挑選來自成(cheng)都(dou)(dou)地(di)區的特(te)長無節瓷竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),經過(guo)破竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、烤(kao)色(se)、去節、分層(ceng)、定色(se)、刮平、劃絲、抽(chou)勻(yun)等十幾道工序,全(quan)是手工操作,制作出精細的竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)絲。瓷胎竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編所用(yong)(yong)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)絲斷面(mian)全(quan)為矩形,在厚薄粗(cu)細上(shang)都(dou)(dou)有嚴(yan)格(ge)要求,厚度僅為一兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)頭發絲厚,寬度也(ye)只有四(si)五根(gen)(gen)發絲寬,根(gen)(gen)根(gen)(gen)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)絲都(dou)(dou)通過(guo)勻(yun)刀,達到厚薄均(jun)勻(yun),粗(cu)細一致,觀者無不(bu)(bu)(bu)贊嘆其(qi)難。瓷胎竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編在制作過(guo)程中(zhong)全(quan)憑雙手和一把刀進行手工編織,讓根(gen)(gen)根(gen)(gen)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)絲依胎成(cheng)形,緊(jin)貼瓷面(mian),所有接(jie)頭之(zhi)處(chu)都(dou)(dou)做到藏(zang)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)露,宛如天然生成(cheng)、渾然一體。瓷胎竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)編產品只使用(yong)(yong)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材表面(mian)一層(ceng),纖維(wei)十分致密,同時進行了特(te)殊的處(chu)理,能夠耐干燥,不(bu)(bu)(bu)變形,不(bu)(bu)(bu)蟲蛀,耐水可(ke)清洗。
瓷胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)按(an)(an)造型(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)分為(wei)瓶(ping)壇包(bao)盒具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)幾(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)(lei)。花(hua)瓶(ping)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)小到(dao)(dao)(dao) 5 CM的單(dan)(dan)(dan)件瓶(ping),也有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao) 145CM的千件瓶(ping),可(ke)適合不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)場合的需(xu)要(yao)。壇罐(guan)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)茶(cha)杯、糖(tang)缸、茶(cha)葉(xie)罐(guan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)。竹(zhu)包(bao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)兩大(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)(lei)六個規(gui)格的竹(zhu)包(bao)手(shou)袋和(he)挎包(bao)。竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)盒類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)竹(zhu)胎(tai)(tai)、紙胎(tai)(tai)、漆器(qi)(qi)胎(tai)(tai)幾(ji)(ji)種,規(gui)格有(you)(you)(you)(you)7CM、9CM、11CM、13CM、15CM等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)幾(ji)(ji)種,還(huan)(huan)分為(wei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)盒、內三(san)格盒和(he)套(tao)三(san)盒等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)類(lei)(lei)(lei)則(ze)是工(gong)廠的主(zhu)要(yao)品(pin)種和(he)技(ji)術優勢所在(zai)。纏嘴過(guo)把、緊扣瓷器(qi)(qi),精(jing)心編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)出(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an),是瓷胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)與其它任何竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的獨特技(ji)藝(yi),是最能體現出(chu)瓷胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)工(gong)藝(yi)以(yi)精(jing)細見(jian)長特色(se)的地(di)方。按(an)(an)用(yong)(yong)(yong)途分有(you)(you)(you)(you)茶(cha)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)酒(jiu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)咖啡具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、文(wen)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)煙具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),還(huan)(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)功夫茶(cha)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、日(ri)式茶(cha)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)提(ti)梁茶(cha)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。按(an)(an)規(gui)格分,從套(tao)二(er)(er)套(tao)三(san)的酒(jiu)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)茶(cha)碗到(dao)(dao)(dao)十(shi)五頭二(er)(er)十(shi)二(er)(er)頭一套(tao)的咖啡具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)。按(an)(an)底胎(tai)(tai)所用(yong)(yong)(yong)材質不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong),既有(you)(you)(you)(you)瓷胎(tai)(tai)、陶胎(tai)(tai)、漆胎(tai)(tai)、玻胎(tai)(tai), 也有(you)(you)(you)(you)臺灣(wan)客人偏好的紫(zi)砂胎(tai)(tai)。按(an)(an)工(gong)藝(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)瓷胎(tai)(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)分為(wei)普(pu)(pu)通編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)、提(ti)花(hua)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)和(he)五彩(cai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)。普(pu)(pu)通編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)以(yi)古銅色(se)的烤絲(si)為(wei)主(zhu),配以(yi)普(pu)(pu)通幾(ji)(ji)何圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作批量產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。提(ti)花(hua)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)則(ze)用(yong)(yong)(yong)新竹(zhu)青絲(si)經緯等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)寬,便于(yu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)各(ge)類(lei)(lei)(lei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)色(se)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)文(wen)字(zi)手(shou)跡,更以(yi)熊貓圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)為(wei)多(duo),主(zhu)要(yao)制(zhi)作花(hua)瓶(ping)茶(cha)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。五彩(cai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)充(chong)分發揮五彩(cai)絲(si)的特色(se),運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)種不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的技(ji)藝(yi)、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)各(ge)種不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的色(se)彩(cai)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)出(chu)千變萬化的圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)效果,多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作展(zhan)品(pin)、禮品(pin)和(he)高檔精(jing)品(pin)。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的技(ji)藝(yi)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)疏編(bian)(bian)(bian)、疏細結合編(bian)(bian)(bian)、破經編(bian)(bian)(bian)、換(huan)經編(bian)(bian)(bian)、浸色(se)編(bian)(bian)(bian)、浮雕編(bian)(bian)(bian)、立(li)體編(bian)(bian)(bian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)二(er)(er)十(shi)多(duo)種。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)五彩(cai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)方法可(ke)制(zhi)作出(chu)山水花(hua)鳥、飛禽走獸、人物故事等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)維(wei)妙維(wei)肖的圖(tu)(tu)(tu)案(an)(an)。
瓷胎竹編以依胎成型、緊扣底胎為其特色,也受其限制。近年來,工廠發揮瓷胎竹編技藝,移植到其他底胎和無胎產品中,開發了竹編首飾盒和竹編包類、竹編動物等新產品新品種。我們將繼續努力,創造瓷胎竹編的未來。瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)工(gong)藝品(pin)(pin)的產品(pin)(pin)常(chang)規(gui)分類(lei):瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)花瓶、竹(zhu)編(bian)茶具(ju)、瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)咖啡具(ju)、瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)酒(jiu)具(ju)、瓷胎(tai)竹(zhu)編(bian)文具(ju)、竹(zhu)編(bian)平面(mian)畫。
瓷胎竹編(bian)產(chan)品(pin)只有四川生產(chan),以其紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)性、地(di)方(fang)性成(cheng)為中外賓(bin)客(ke)優選的(de)(de)旅游紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)品(pin)。特別是5CM、7CM系(xi)列的(de)(de)工藝小花瓶以及功夫茶具(ju)等小巧玲瓏(long)、便于攜帶(dai)的(de)(de)瓷胎竹編(bian)產(chan)品(pin)非常受旅游客(ke)人的(de)(de)青睞。瓷胎竹編(bian)工藝品(pin)也(ye)可做外事接待(dai)、出國(guo)人員(yuan)禮品(pin)和國(guo)內大型(xing)活(huo)動的(de)(de)禮品(pin)、紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)品(pin)。瓷胎竹編(bian)產(chan)品(pin)還是欣賞(shang)與實用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)工藝品(pin)。不少日(ri)本客(ke)人和東南亞客(ke)人購買回(hui)去,不僅作(zuo)為工藝品(pin)欣賞(shang),也(ye)做為實用(yong)(yong)品(pin)自賞(shang)或待(dai)客(ke),甚至作(zuo)為茶道(dao)用(yong)(yong)具(ju)。
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