一、油電混合車是燒油還是燒電
油電混動車以用(yong)(yong)油(you)為(wei)主(zhu),沒(mei)油(you)可用(yong)(yong)電。油(you)電混合動(dong)力汽車,即(ji)采用(yong)(yong)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)內燃(ran)機(柴油(you)機或汽油(you)機)和電動(dong)機作為(wei)動(dong)力源,車輛的(de)(de)行駛(shi)功率(lv)依據實際的(de)(de)車輛行駛(shi)狀(zhuang)態由單個驅動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)單獨或共同提(ti)供。
油電(dian)混動(dong)車最大(da)的特點就是以油為主,以電(dian)動(dong)機為輔提供動(dong)力(li),值得注(zhu)意的是這種車并不需要充電(dian),它巧妙的協調了發動(dong)機與(yu)電(dian)動(dong)機的工作時(shi)機,而且兩者動(dong)力(li)切(qie)換的時(shi)候非常平滑自然(ran)。
插電(dian)(dian)混動車和油(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)混動車有很大的(de)(de)(de)區別,插電(dian)(dian)混動在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)時候是有電(dian)(dian)用電(dian)(dian),沒電(dian)(dian)用油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)方式,需要注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)是,插電(dian)(dian)混動車如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)量(liang)用完了的(de)(de)(de)話必須找充電(dian)(dian)樁才能充電(dian)(dian),并不能用燃油(you)(you)發動機直(zhi)接(jie)提(ti)供充電(dian)(dian),在(zai)(zai)目前充電(dian)(dian)樁布局不算多的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下還是比較(jiao)麻煩的(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)然這種混動車也有一個好(hao)處就是在(zai)(zai)需要的(de)(de)(de)時候可以發動機和電(dian)(dian)動機一起(qi)工作,為車子提(ti)供更強的(de)(de)(de)動力。
增程式混(hun)動(dong)車主要由發(fa)動(dong)機來(lai)(lai)提供動(dong)力,但(dan)它(ta)依然可(ke)(ke)以加油,不(bu)過它(ta)加的(de)油并不(bu)是用(yong)來(lai)(lai)提供動(dong)力的(de),而是被發(fa)動(dong)機用(yong)來(lai)(lai)為電動(dong)機提供電量,當然它(ta)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以直接在充電樁進行充電。
二、油電混合車怎么切換動力
油電(dian)(dian)(dian)混(hun)合車(che)(che)是沒有(you)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)切(qie)換(huan)(huan)(huan)操作的(de),油電(dian)(dian)(dian)混(hun)合車(che)(che)是由(you)行(xing)(xing)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)來(lai)控制的(de)切(qie)換(huan)(huan)(huan),并(bing)沒有(you)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)切(qie)換(huan)(huan)(huan)操作的(de)功(gong)能(neng)。油電(dian)(dian)(dian)混(hun)合車(che)(che)根(gen)據車(che)(che)輛在不(bu)同行(xing)(xing)駛路況下的(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)需求,行(xing)(xing)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)會控制動(dong)(dong)力(li)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)、發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)和(he)發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)同時驅(qu)動(dong)(dong),這三(san)種不(bu)同驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)模式下的(de)自動(dong)(dong)切(qie)換(huan)(huan)(huan),實(shi)現不(bu)同動(dong)(dong)力(li)的(de)輸出,無需手(shou)動(dong)(dong)切(qie)換(huan)(huan)(huan)。
只是,油電(dian)(dian)混合(he)汽車(che)(che)把電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)分為了幾種(zhong)不(bu)同的驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)模式,在低速巡(xun)航時,主要由(you)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)來驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)輛,不(bu)需要發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的介入,此時車(che)(che)輛動(dong)(dong)(dong)力來自于電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji),為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)模式。
在車(che)輛(liang)需要(yao)動(dong)力增加,比(bi)如提(ti)速時(shi)(shi),或者車(che)載電池電量不足時(shi)(shi),此時(shi)(shi)發(fa)動(dong)機會(hui)(hui)及時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)介入,提(ti)供動(dong)力,保障車(che)輛(liang)的(de)(de)正常行(xing)駛。發(fa)動(dong)機在提(ti)供動(dong)力的(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi),也同時(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)給車(che)載電池充電,此時(shi)(shi),就是發(fa)動(dong)機的(de)(de)驅(qu)動(dong)模式。
在車輛高速巡航時,電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機提供動(dong)(dong)力(li),不足以滿足高速巡航時車輛的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)要求,此時,發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機就(jiu)會加入(ru)到(dao)車輛的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)輸出中來,保障足夠的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)輸出。此時,車輛的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)力(li)就(jiu)由電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機和發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機同時提供,為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)和發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機同時驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)模式。
這三種模式的(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)換,是根據車輛動力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu),通過行車電(dian)腦的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據收集判(pan)斷,及時地給出指令(ling)而實現的(de)(de)(de)(de)。不需要我們(men)手(shou)動去切(qie)換,手(shou)動切(qie)換也無法(fa)做到無縫(feng)銜接的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu),所以,全部是由行車電(dian)腦來完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
電動機(ji)加上發動機(ji),在不(bu)同動力輸出之(zhi)間的切換(huan),是在車(che)輛(liang)動力需(xu)求(qiu)變化(hua)之(zhi)時,就直接切換(huan)的,以保(bao)障動力輸出的無縫銜接。如果(guo)是手動來操(cao)作,就像我們駕駛手動擋車(che)型時,手動切換(huan)檔位(wei)一樣,在某些特殊的情況下,操(cao)作控(kong)制(zhi)的不(bu)好,就很容(rong)易出現頓挫,檔位(wei)切換(huan)錯誤,甚至造成車(che)輛(liang)熄火的情況。
在(zai)油電(dian)混(hun)合車(che)型(xing)實際的駕駛中,如果(guo)還需(xu)要手(shou)動(dong)(dong)切換電(dian)動(dong)(dong),或者發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)的模(mo)式,是不是就有點像,我們(men)駕駛著(zhu)一輛電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che),又帶(dai)著(zhu)一臺發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)。電(dian)池(chi)沒電(dian)了,我們(men)就打開發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji),讓(rang)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)來工作,然后也(ye)給電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian),就需(xu)要不時(shi)地去手(shou)動(dong)(dong)操作了,這車(che)開起來也(ye)太(tai)復雜了。
所以,綜合以上說明,油電混合車是不需要手(shou)動切(qie)換(huan)動力的(de)(de)輸出(chu)模(mo)式(shi)的(de)(de)。動力輸出(chu)的(de)(de)切(qie)換(huan)行車(che)(che)電腦(nao)會根據(ju)車(che)(che)輛實際(ji)的(de)(de)動力需求,在不同的(de)(de)驅動模(mo)式(shi)之間無縫銜接的(de)(de)切(qie)換(huan)。保障車(che)(che)輛的(de)(de)動力的(de)(de)輸出(chu),同時(shi),又提(ti)高車(che)(che)輛的(de)(de)燃油經濟性,減少車(che)(che)輛的(de)(de)排放。