一、 直線電機和旋轉電機的區別
旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是指能(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為機(ji)(ji)械能(neng),實現旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運動的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji),包括直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、步進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則是指能(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)為直(zhi)線(xian)運動的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji),其工作原理是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力將(jiang)線(xian)圈推動沿(yan)直(zhi)線(xian)運動,包括直(zhi)線(xian)同步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、線(xian)性感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。
旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)與(yu)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)的區別在于運(yun)動(dong)(dong)方式不(bu)同。旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)通(tong)過旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)來(lai)完成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),而(er)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)則是通(tong)過直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)來(lai)完成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。此外,旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)通(tong)常需要(yao)通(tong)過傳動(dong)(dong)裝置將旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)化為機(ji)械工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),而(er)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)則不(bu)需要(yao)傳動(dong)(dong)裝置,直(zhi)(zhi)接將電(dian)能轉(zhuan)化為直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。
旋轉電(dian)機(ji)的應用非(fei)常廣泛(fan),包括電(dian)動汽車、機(ji)器(qi)人、家(jia)電(dian)、工(gong)業自動化等(deng)領域。而直線(xian)(xian)電(dian)機(ji)則主要應用于高速列車、電(dian)梯、醫療器(qi)械、印刷機(ji)等(deng)需要直線(xian)(xian)運動的場合。此外,直線(xian)(xian)電(dian)機(ji)還可以用于制(zhi)造機(ji)器(qi)人、機(ji)床等(deng)高精度設備。
二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較
直線(xian)電機與(yu)旋轉電機相比(bi),主要有如下幾個特點:
1、結構簡單
由于(yu)直線(xian)電機不需要把旋轉運(yun)動(dong)變成直線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)附加裝置(zhi),因而使得系統本身(shen)的(de)結(jie)構大(da)為簡(jian)化,重量(liang)和體(ti)積(ji)大(da)大(da)下降。
2、定位精度高
在需要直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)地方,直(zhi)線(xian)電機可以(yi)(yi)實現直(zhi)接傳動(dong),因而(er)可以(yi)(yi)消(xiao)除中間環節所帶(dai)來的(de)各種定(ding)位誤差,故(gu)定(ding)位精(jing)度高(gao),如(ru)采用微機控制,則還可以(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)地提(ti)高(gao)整(zheng)個系統的(de)定(ding)位精(jing)度。
3、反應速度快、靈敏度高,隨動性好
直線(xian)電機容(rong)易做到其(qi)動子用磁懸浮支撐,因(yin)(yin)而使得動子和(he)定(ding)子之間(jian)始終保持一定(ding)的(de)氣隙(xi)而不接(jie)(jie)觸,這就消除了(le)定(ding)、動子間(jian)的(de)接(jie)(jie)觸摩擦阻(zu)力,因(yin)(yin)而大(da)大(da)地提高了(le)系統的(de)靈敏(min)度、快速性和(he)隨動性。
4、工作安全可靠、壽命長
直線電機可以實現無接觸傳遞力,機械摩(mo)擦損(sun)耗(hao)幾乎為零,所以故障少,免維修,因而工(gong)作安全可靠、壽命(ming)長。