一、一次電池是什么意思
一次電池,也叫一次性電池,是指放電結束后不能(neng)(neng)再通(tong)過(guo)充(chong)電使(shi)其復原,再度使(shi)用(yong)的電池,這種電池通(tong)常只能(neng)(neng)一次性使(shi)用(yong),無法通(tong)過(guo)充(chong)電或其它方(fang)式將原有(you)電能(neng)(neng)補充(chong)回來(lai)。
一(yi)(yi)次(ci)電(dian)池(chi)一(yi)(yi)般用完(wan)即廢,這一(yi)(yi)特性是它的電(dian)池(chi)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)或電(dian)極反(fan)應(ying)(ying)的不可逆性或條件(jian),限(xian)制使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)很(hen)難可逆地進(jin)行(xing)所決定(ding)的。
二、干電池是一次性電池嗎
是的。
干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的原(yuan)理是利用氧化還(huan)原(yuan)反應將化學(xue)能轉化為電(dian)(dian)能,這一(yi)化學(xue)反應是不可逆的,不能進行充電(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)循環使用,因此屬于一(yi)次性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。除了干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)外,常見的碳鋅電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、水銀(yin)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋅空(kong)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)等都屬于一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
三、一次電池和二次電池的區別
和一次電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相對的,二次電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)就是指(zhi)可以通過充電(dian)或其(qi)他方(fang)式補充電(dian)能的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),這兩(liang)種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的區別主要有:
1、二次電(dian)池在放電(dian)時電(dian)極體積(ji)和(he)結構之間發生可(ke)逆(ni)變化(hua),而一次電(dian)池內部則簡單得多(duo),因為它(ta)不需要調節(jie)這些(xie)可(ke)逆(ni)性變化(hua)。
2、一次(ci)電(dian)池的質量比容量和體積比容量均(jun)大于普(pu)通充電(dian)電(dian)池,但內阻遠比二次(ci)電(dian)池大,因此負(fu)載(zai)能力較(jiao)低。
3、一次電池的自放電遠小于二(er)次(ci)電池(chi)(chi)。一(yi)次(ci)電池(chi)(chi)只能(neng)放電一(yi)次(ci),如,堿性(xing)電池(chi)(chi)和碳性(xing)電池(chi)(chi)就屬(shu)于此類,二(er)次(ci)電池(chi)(chi)可反復循環使(shi)用(yong)。
4、一次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)內阻(zu)遠大二(er)(er)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi),其(qi)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)亦不及二(er)(er)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi),在(zai)小電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、間歇性(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)條件下,一次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)質(zhi)量比容量大于普通二(er)(er)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi),但當放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于800mAh,則一次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量優勢(shi)就會明顯減小。
5、二次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)相(xiang)對一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)更環保。一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使(shi)用后就(jiu)必須(xu)廢(fei)棄,而充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可反(fan)復使(shi)用,符(fu)合國家(jia)標準的次世代(dai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)通常可反(fan)復使(shi)用1000次以上,也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)產(chan)生的廢(fei)棄物不到一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的1000分(fen)之1,不論從減(jian)少廢(fei)棄物還是(shi)從資源(yuan)利用及經濟的角度(du)來考慮(lv),二次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的優(you)越性都(dou)是(shi)十分(fen)明(ming)顯的。