一、一次電池是什么意思

一次電池，也叫一次性電池，是指(zhi)放電結束后不(bu)能(neng)(neng)再(zai)(zai)通過(guo)充(chong)電使(shi)其(qi)復原(yuan)，再(zai)(zai)度使(shi)用(yong)的電池，這(zhe)種電池通常只能(neng)(neng)一(yi)次性使(shi)用(yong)，無法通過(guo)充(chong)電或其(qi)它方式將(jiang)原(yuan)有電能(neng)(neng)補充(chong)回來。

一次(ci)電(dian)池一般用完即廢(fei)，這一特(te)性是(shi)它的電(dian)池反(fan)應或電(dian)極反(fan)應的不(bu)可逆(ni)性或條件，限(xian)制使電(dian)池反(fan)應很難(nan)可逆(ni)地進行所決定(ding)的。

二、干電池是一次性電池嗎

是的。

干電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的原(yuan)理是(shi)利用氧(yang)化還原(yuan)反應將化學(xue)能轉化為電(dian)能，這(zhe)一化學(xue)反應是(shi)不(bu)可逆的，不(bu)能進行充電(dian)和(he)放電(dian)循(xun)環使用，因此屬(shu)于一次性電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。除了干電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)外，常見的碳鋅電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、堿性電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、水銀電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋅空氣電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)都屬(shu)于一次電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。

三、一次電池和二次電池的區別

和一次電池(chi)(chi)相對的，二次電池(chi)(chi)就是指可以通(tong)過充(chong)電或其他方式補充(chong)電能的電池(chi)(chi)，這兩種電池(chi)(chi)的區(qu)別主要有：

1、二次電池(chi)在放電時電極體(ti)積和結構(gou)之間發(fa)生可(ke)逆變化，而一次電池(chi)內部則簡(jian)單得多，因為它不(bu)需要調(diao)節這些可(ke)逆性變化。

2、一次電(dian)池的質量(liang)比(bi)(bi)容量(liang)和(he)體(ti)積(ji)比(bi)(bi)容量(liang)均大于普通充電(dian)電(dian)池，但內(nei)阻遠比(bi)(bi)二(er)次電(dian)池大，因此(ci)負(fu)載能力(li)較低。

3、一次電池的(de)自放電(dian)(dian)遠小于(yu)二(er)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)只能放電(dian)(dian)一次(ci)，如，堿性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和碳性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)就屬于(yu)此類(lei)，二(er)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可反復循(xun)環(huan)使用。

4、一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內阻(zu)遠(yuan)大二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，其大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能亦不及二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，在小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、間歇(xie)性放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的條件下，一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的質量比容(rong)量大于普通二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，但當放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大于800mAh，則一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容(rong)量優勢就會明(ming)顯減小(xiao)。

5、二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相(xiang)對一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)更環(huan)保。一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)用(yong)后(hou)就必須廢(fei)(fei)棄，而充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可反復(fu)(fu)使(shi)用(yong)，符合國家標準的(de)次(ci)世(shi)代充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)通常可反復(fu)(fu)使(shi)用(yong)1000次(ci)以上，也就是說充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)產生的(de)廢(fei)(fei)棄物不到一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)1000分(fen)之1，不論從減少廢(fei)(fei)棄物還是從資(zi)源利用(yong)及經濟的(de)角度(du)來考慮，二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)優越性(xing)都是十分(fen)明顯的(de)。