一、原電池是什么電池
原電池(chi)是指通(tong)過氧化(hua)還原反應(ying)而(er)產生電流的(de)裝(zhuang)置,又(you)稱化(hua)學電池(chi),它通(tong)常由正電極(ji)、負電極(ji)、電解質、隔離物和殼體構(gou)成,可制成各種形狀和不同尺(chi)寸,使(shi)用(yong)方(fang)便,廣泛(fan)用(yong)于(yu)工(gong)農業、國防工(gong)業和通(tong)信、照明(ming)、醫(yi)療(liao)等(deng)部門。
原電池一般按負極活性物質(如鋅、鎘、鎂、鋰等)和正極活性物質(如錳、汞、二氧化硫等)分為鋅錳電池、鋅空氣電池、鋅銀電池、鋅汞電池、鎂錳電池、鋰氟化碳電池、鋰二氧化硫電池等,常用的干電池就是原電池的一種。
二、原電池原理是什么
原電(dian)池是以發生在電(dian)子(zi)導體(如金屬)與離(li)子(zi)導體(如電(dian)解質(zhi)溶(rong)液)接觸界面上的氧化還(huan)原反(fan)應為基(ji)礎制成的,其工(gong)作原理是:
原(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池反(fan)應是氧(yang)化(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)應,氧(yang)化(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)應中(zhong)的(de)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)失去的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)經外(wai)(wai)接導線傳遞給氧(yang)化(hua)劑(ji),使氧(yang)化(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)應分別在兩(liang)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上進(jin)行,兩(liang)極(ji)之間(jian)溶液中(zhong)離子(zi)(zi)的(de)定向移動(dong)和外(wai)(wai)部導線中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)的(de)定向移動(dong)構成(cheng)了閉(bi)合回(hui)路,使兩(liang)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)反(fan)應不(bu)斷(duan)進(jin)行,發生(sheng)有序的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)移過程(cheng),產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu),實現(xian)化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)轉(zhuan)化(hua)。
三、干電池屬于原電池嗎
屬于。
干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)池,因(yin)為(wei)這種(zhong)(zhong)化學(xue)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)裝置其電(dian)(dian)解質是一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)不能流動的糊狀(zhuang)物(wu),所以叫做干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池,它就是根(gen)據原電(dian)(dian)池原理制成的,以碳(tan)棒為(wei)正極,以鋅筒為(wei)負(fu)極,把(ba)化學(xue)能轉變為(wei)電(dian)(dian)能供給外電(dian)(dian)路。