一、堿性干電池和碳性干電池有什么區別

干電池按照電解質性質不同，可分為堿性和碳性兩種，它們雖然都是干電池，但在很多(duo)方面有所不同，堿性干電(dian)(dian)池和碳性干電(dian)(dian)池的(de)區別(bie)主要(yao)有：

1、結構原理不同

碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池和堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)結構和原理都(dou)是基于鋅(xin)-錳體(ti)系，但是有一些不同(tong)之處(chu)。碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)正極(ji)是由二氧化(hua)(hua)錳和石墨組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)炭棒，負極(ji)是由鋅(xin)皮制成的(de)(de)(de)外殼，電(dian)(dian)解質是含有氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)銨(an)和氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)鋅(xin)的(de)(de)(de)水溶液。

堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)正極是(shi)由二(er)氧化(hua)錳和碳粉組成的(de)(de)環形極片，負極是(shi)由鋅(xin)粉和添加劑制成的(de)(de)鋅(xin)膏，電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)是(shi)含(han)有氫(qing)氧化(hua)鉀的(de)(de)水溶液。碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池和堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)反應都(dou)是(shi)鋅(xin)和二(er)氧化(hua)錳在電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)中發生氧化(hua)還(huan)原反應，產生電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和電(dian)(dian)壓。

2、電池容量不同

碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都(dou)是(shi)1.5伏，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)它(ta)們的容量卻有很大(da)的差別(bie)，堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容量是(shi)碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的4-7倍，這意味著(zhu)堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)(ke)以持(chi)續使用(yong)的時間更長，或者可(ke)(ke)以為更大(da)功率的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)提供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)。堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容量會隨著(zhu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的增(zeng)加而減(jian)小，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)仍然高于碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

3、重量不同

由于(yu)堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)池的內部材料和結構比碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)池更復雜(za)，堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)池的重量一般比碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)池重。

4、價格不同

堿性(xing)干電池(chi)(chi)(chi)的價格也比(bi)碳性(xing)干電池(chi)(chi)(chi)高，一般是(shi)碳性(xing)干電池(chi)(chi)(chi)的1.5-2倍，不過堿性(xing)干電池(chi)(chi)(chi)的使用壽(shou)命通常要更長(chang)一些，性(xing)價比(bi)還是(shi)比(bi)較(jiao)高的。

5、適用范圍不同

碳性干電(dian)池(chi)(chi)適合用(yong)于低(di)電(dian)流(liu)和低(di)功率的(de)電(dian)器(qi)，如手電(dian)筒、收音機(ji)、遙控器(qi)、鐘表等。這些電(dian)器(qi)的(de)特點(dian)是用(yong)電(dian)量小，對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)性能要求(qiu)不高(gao)，使用(yong)碳性干電(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以滿足基本的(de)需求(qiu)。

堿(jian)性干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池適合用于高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流和高功率的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，如(ru)數碼相機(ji)、閃光(guang)燈、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動玩(wan)具(ju)、剃(ti)須刀、無線鼠(shu)標等。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的特點(dian)是(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量大，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的性能(neng)要求高，使用堿(jian)性干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可以保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的正常工(gong)作和良好的性能(neng)。

6、保質期和自放電不同

保質期是指(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池在未使用的情(qing)況(kuang)下，能夠保持一定(ding)的電(dian)(dian)量(liang)和性(xing)能的時間。自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)是指(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池在未使用的情(qing)況(kuang)下，由于內部(bu)化學(xue)反應而逐漸(jian)損失(shi)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的現象(xiang)。

一(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說，堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保(bao)(bao)質期要遠遠超過碳(tan)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保(bao)(bao)質期。碳(tan)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保(bao)(bao)質期一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)1-2年，而(er)堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保(bao)(bao)質期一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)5-10年，甚至更長。堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)也比碳(tan)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池低，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)每年2-3%，而(er)碳(tan)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為(wei)每年10-15%。這意(yi)味著堿(jian)性(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)以更長時(shi)間地保(bao)(bao)存和使用，不會因為(wei)時(shi)間過長而(er)失效。

7、環保性不同

碳性(xing)干電池(chi)中(zhong)含有(you)(you)重金屬鎘和(he)(he)水銀(yin)，這些物質對人(ren)體和(he)(he)環境都(dou)有(you)(you)危害，如果不經過回(hui)收處理(li)，就直(zhi)接丟棄(qi)，會污染土壤和(he)(he)水源，影響生態平衡。堿性(xing)干電池(chi)中(zhong)不含重金屬鎘和(he)(he)水銀(yin)，相對來說要環保(bao)一(yi)些。

二、堿性干電池和碳性干電池哪個好

堿性(xing)(xing)干電池(chi)和(he)碳性(xing)(xing)干電池(chi)對比起來，在很(hen)多方面都有(you)所區別，不過并(bing)不一定(ding)堿性(xing)(xing)干電池(chi)就更好，或者碳性(xing)(xing)干電池(chi)更好，要根據設備功(gong)率需求、使用時間和(he)環境(jing)考慮選擇：

一般來說，堿(jian)性干(gan)電池通常具(ju)有更(geng)高的(de)能量密度和較長(chang)的(de)壽命，適合高耗(hao)能設備(bei)；而碳性干(gan)電池價格便宜，適用(yong)于低(di)功率設備(bei)。

三、堿性干電池和碳性干電池可以共用嗎

堿性干電池和(he)碳性干電池很多在外(wai)表上并沒有多大區別，有用(yong)戶(hu)可能會混(hun)用(yong)，不(bu)過一般這兩種干電池是不(bu)建(jian)議共用(yong)的。

由(you)于(yu)堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)正極、負極及電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質均不同，因此(ci)他(ta)們的(de)(de)操作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和儲電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)都有所(suo)不同，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說，堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)是碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)五到六倍，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)流也(ye)比碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)要大，混用(yong)的(de)(de)話可能影(ying)響供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；而且碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會更(geng)早(zao)用(yong)完，頻繁更(geng)換也(ye)麻煩(fan)，因此(ci)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)建議不要混用(yong)。