一、電動叉車用的是什么電池
電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車,根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型,一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種:
1、鉛酸電池
鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)(che)最(zui)傳(chuan)統(tong)且(qie)常用的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)類型(xing)之一,它(ta)采用鉛板和硫酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液,具有較低的(de)能量密度和比能量,但相對較低的(de)成(cheng)本。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)優點是成(cheng)熟、穩定,使用壽命長,同時(shi)可以循環充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)多次。然(ran)而,鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)存在重量大(da)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間長、自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)快等缺點,影響了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)(che)的(de)使用效率和續航能力(li)。
2、鋰電池
鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)作(zuo)為新興的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)技(ji)術,逐漸在電(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)(che)領域嶄露頭角(jiao)。鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的能量(liang)密度和(he)比能量(liang),相對于(yu)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言,具(ju)有(you)更(geng)輕(qing)的重量(liang)和(he)更(geng)長的使用(yong)(yong)時(shi)間。同時(shi),鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)還具(ju)有(you)無記憶效應(ying)、快速充(chong)電(dian)等優(you)點(dian),可以有(you)效提高(gao)電(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)(che)的工作(zuo)效率(lv)。然而(er),鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)價格相對較(jiao)高(gao),使用(yong)(yong)過程中需要(yao)注(zhu)意防止過度放電(dian)和(he)過度充(chong)電(dian),以避免安全事(shi)故發生。
3、燃料電池
燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)也是電(dian)動叉車中的新興動力(li)源。燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)利用氫氣和氧氣反(fan)應(ying)產生電(dian)能(neng),無需充(chong)電(dian),只需添加燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)即可。燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)具有快(kuai)速充(chong)電(dian)、零排放等優(you)點,能(neng)夠滿足電(dian)動叉車在(zai)長時間工(gong)作和高強度(du)工(gong)作的需求(qiu)。然而,燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)技術目(mu)前還不(bu)夠成(cheng)(cheng)熟,相關(guan)設(she)備和燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)供應(ying)鏈的建設(she)也存在(zai)一定難度(du)和成(cheng)(cheng)本。
二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪
鋰電(dian)池和鉛酸(suan)電(dian)池是電(dian)動叉(cha)車(che)使用比較多的(de)兩種電(dian)池,鋰電(dian)池叉(cha)車(che)和鉛酸(suan)電(dian)池叉(cha)車(che)對比起來,主要優(you)勢在于(yu)以下(xia)幾個方面:
1、充電速度快
鋰電(dian)池(chi)依靠自身的(de)化(hua)學特性,滿(man)足更快的(de)充電(dian)速度要(yao)求,從(cong)10%~100%充電(dian)時(shi)長(chang)只需2h。而鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)從(cong)20%~100%充電(dian)時(shi)長(chang)需要(yao)8-10h。
2、充電無記憶
鋰電池叉車的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)無記憶特性使(shi)(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能夠進行隨機、間歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),而不(bu)影(ying)響壽命,使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)者可以高效的利用(yong)(yong)工歇和休息時間進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)量補充(chong)(chong),方便使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)者進行工作統籌。鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)記憶,如(ru)進行隨機或間歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),嚴重損害電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命,因此一般需要(yao)20%-100%滿充(chong)(chong)滿放,定期(qi)進行均(jun)衡充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。
3、使用壽命長
鉛(qian)酸電池(chi)(chi)平均1200次(ci)(作業(ye)(ye)時長約(yue)6000h)的循環(huan)壽命,磷(lin)酸鐵鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)則有著4000+次(ci)(作業(ye)(ye)時長約(yue)24000h)循環(huan)壽命。在實(shi)際使用(yong)中,磷(lin)酸鐵鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)4000+次(ci)后仍(reng)擁有65%以上容(rong)量(liang),而鉛(qian)酸電池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)1200次(ci)后容(rong)量(liang)不足50%。
4、放電溫度區間廣
在(zai)-20度(du)到60度(du)之間的(de)高溫(wen)或低溫(wen)狀態下(xia),鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都(dou)具備良(liang)好的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能,在(zai)-20度(du)的(de)情況下(xia),鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率為(wei)80%~90%,而(er)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率不足30%。