一、電動叉車用的是什么電池

電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車，根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型，一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種：

1、鉛酸電池

鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)最傳統且常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)類型之一(yi)，它采用(yong)(yong)鉛板和硫酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，具有較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)能量密(mi)度和比能量，但相對(dui)較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)成本。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)優點(dian)是(shi)成熟、穩定，使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)長，同(tong)時(shi)可以(yi)循環充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)多次。然而，鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)存在重量大、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間長、自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)快等缺點(dian)，影響了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)效率和續航(hang)能力。

2、鋰電池

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)作為(wei)新興(xing)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)技術，逐漸在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉(cha)車(che)領(ling)域嶄露頭(tou)角(jiao)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)具(ju)有(you)較高的(de)(de)能量密(mi)度(du)和比能量，相對于鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)而(er)言，具(ju)有(you)更(geng)輕的(de)(de)重量和更(geng)長的(de)(de)使用時間。同時，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)還具(ju)有(you)無記憶效應、快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)優(you)點，可以(yi)有(you)效提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉(cha)車(che)的(de)(de)工(gong)作效率。然而(er)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)價格相對較高，使用過程中需要注意防止過度(du)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和過度(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)避(bi)免安全事故(gu)發生。

3、燃料電池

燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)也(ye)是電(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車(che)中(zhong)的新興動(dong)力源。燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)利(li)用氫氣和(he)氧氣反應產生電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，無需(xu)(xu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，只需(xu)(xu)添加(jia)燃(ran)料(liao)即可。燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具(ju)有快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、零(ling)排放等優(you)點，能(neng)夠滿足電(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車(che)在長時間工(gong)作(zuo)和(he)高強度(du)工(gong)作(zuo)的需(xu)(xu)求。然而(er)，燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)技術目前還不夠成熟(shu)，相關設(she)備和(he)燃(ran)料(liao)供(gong)應鏈(lian)的建設(she)也(ye)存在一定難度(du)和(he)成本。

二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪

鋰電池(chi)和鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池(chi)是電動叉車(che)使用比較多(duo)的(de)兩種電池(chi)，鋰電池(chi)叉車(che)和鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池(chi)叉車(che)對比起(qi)來，主要優勢在(zai)于以下幾個方(fang)面：

1、充電速度快

鋰電(dian)池依靠自身的(de)化學特性，滿(man)足更快(kuai)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)速度要(yao)求，從10%~100%充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)長只需2h。而鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池從20%~100%充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)長需要(yao)8-10h。

2、充電無記憶

鋰電池叉車的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)無記憶特性使(shi)得電(dian)池能夠進行(xing)隨機(ji)、間歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，而不影響壽命，使(shi)用(yong)者可以高效的利用(yong)工歇和(he)休息(xi)時間進行(xing)電(dian)量(liang)補充(chong)(chong)，方便(bian)使(shi)用(yong)者進行(xing)工作統籌。鉛酸電(dian)池有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)記憶，如進行(xing)隨機(ji)或間歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，嚴重損害電(dian)池，縮短(duan)電(dian)池壽命，因此一般需要20%-100%滿充(chong)(chong)滿放，定期進行(xing)均(jun)衡充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。

3、使用壽命長

鉛酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)池(chi)平均1200次(ci)（作(zuo)業(ye)時長約6000h）的循環(huan)壽(shou)命，磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鐵鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)則有著4000+次(ci)（作(zuo)業(ye)時長約24000h）循環(huan)壽(shou)命。在實際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中，磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鐵鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)4000+次(ci)后仍擁有65%以(yi)上容(rong)量，而鉛酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)1200次(ci)后容(rong)量不足50%。

4、放電溫度區間廣

在-20度(du)到60度(du)之間的高溫(wen)或低溫(wen)狀態(tai)下，鋰電(dian)池(chi)都具備(bei)良好的放電(dian)性能，在-20度(du)的情況下，鋰電(dian)池(chi)的放電(dian)效率(lv)為80%~90%，而鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)效率(lv)不足30%。